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Complete Set of Photovoltaic Power Station Construction Quality Standards

  • news2022-05-25
  • news

    Under the background of promoting the large-scale development of photovoltaic power plants in the whole county, if there is no unified and standard power station construction quality standard, the income of the power station in the later stage cannot be guaranteed. To this end, various investors and operators have compiled a manual for promoting the construction, acceptance and operation and maintenance of photovoltaic power plants throughout the county, and sorted out the quality control standards for photovoltaic power plants.

 

Complete Set of Photovoltaic Power Station Construction Quality Standards-Slocable

 

1. Concrete Foundation

    · A waterproofing membrane (SBS membrane is recommended) should be laid under the base of the brick-concrete roof, waterproofing membrane on each side at least 10cm larger than the base.
    · When installing photovoltaic arrays at the inclination of a concrete roof, it is necessary to ensure that there is no shadow shading situation from 9:00 am to 3:00 pm on the winter solstice.
    · The roof base needs to be poured with regular commercial concrete. If the concrete is self-mixed (C20 grade or above), the proportion and third-party inspection report must be provided.
    · Roof base requires a smooth base surface, regular shape, no honeycomb holes and no defects.
    · Use U-shaped bolts for pre-embedding. The U-shaped bolts are made of hot-dip galvanized or stainless steel. The exposed thread is greater than 3 cm, and there is no rust or damage.
    · The roof foundation is constructed in strict accordance with the design drawings to ensure that the load of the roof photovoltaic system has a wind resistance capacity of 30m/s.

 

2. Photovoltaic Bracket

    · For the roof installation of color steel tiles, aluminum alloy photovoltaic guide rails should be used, and the material should be 6063 and above, and rectangular guide rails should be used.
    · For the concrete roof, carbon steel photovoltaic brackets should be selected, and the material should be Q235 and above.
    · The surface of the aluminum alloy bracket is anodized, with an average thickness of not less than 1.2mm, and the anodized film is controlled according to the AA15 level; the carbon steel photovoltaic bracket is treated with hot-dip galvanizing, and the thickness of the galvanized layer is not less than 65um. The appearance and anti-corrosion layer of the photovoltaic support (rail) should be intact, and the hot-dip galvanized support should not be processed on site.
    · The guide rail and the color steel tile roof corrugation must be installed vertically.
    · The thickness of the steel plate of the main stress member of the bracket should not be less than 2mm, and the thickness of the steel plate of the connecting piece should not be less than 3mm.
    · When installing the bracket, the orientation of all fastening bolts should be the same. If the installation of the color steel roof fixture needs to destroy the original color steel, waterproof treatment such as waterproof gasket and glue must be used.
    · Photovoltaic compacts and fixtures should be made of aluminum alloy, the material should be 6063 and above, and the anodic oxide film should be controlled according to the AA15 level. The surface hardness standard is controlled according to: Webster hardness ≥ 12.
    · Install fixtures, guide rails, and components to ensure that the cables are in a straight line.
    · Reserve at least 10cm from the edge of the pressure block to the end of the guide rail.

 

photovoltaic support installation quality standard

 

3. Photovoltaic Modules

    · After the PV modules arrive, confirm whether the quantity, specifications and models are consistent with the delivery note, check that the outer packaging of the modules is free from deformation, collision, damage, scratches, etc., collect the product certificate, factory inspection report, and make a record of unpacking.
    · Pay special attention to “slow” and “steady” when unloading photovoltaic modules. After unloading, the PV modules should be placed on a flat and solid ground. It is strictly forbidden to tilt and prevent dumping, and the placement area of ​​photovoltaic modules should not affect the traffic road.
    · When hoisting, the whole pallet should be hoisted, and it is strictly forbidden to hoist loose and unfastened components. The lifting and lowering process of hoisting should be smooth and slow, and there should be no large shaking to prevent damage to the components.
    · It is strictly forbidden to carry the PV modules by one person. It must be carried by two people, and they should be handled with care to avoid the modules being subjected to large vibrations, so as to avoid cracking of the PV modules.
Installation flatness of photovoltaic modules: the edge height difference between adjacent modules does not exceed 2mm, and the edge height difference between modules in the same string does not exceed 5mm.
    · During the installation and construction of photovoltaic modules, it is strictly forbidden to step on the modules, and it is strictly forbidden to scratch the front glass and back panel.
    · The PV modules are installed firmly without loosening or slipping. It is strictly forbidden to touch the metal live parts of PV strings, and it is strictly forbidden to connect PV modules in the rain.
    · The MC4 connector of the color steel tile roof assembly must be suspended and cannot be in contact with the roof. The cement and tile roof MC4 connectors and 4mm pv cables are fixed and hung with wire ties outside the guide rails and straightened out.
    · Each string number should be clearly marked in a conspicuous position for easy operation and maintenance.

 

PV module construction quality standard

 

4. Photovoltaic Cable

    · Photovoltaic cable brands must comply with equipment access lists, such as Slocable. The solar cable type must conform to the design drawings. When the PV cable arrives, it should be confirmed that the appearance of the cable reel is intact, and the product documents such as the certificate of conformity are complete.
    · In the process of laying photovoltaic cables, you should always pay attention to whether the cables are scratched. If there is a problem, stop laying immediately, find out the reason, and remove obstacles before continuing to lay.
    · Solar DC cables must use photovoltaic special cables PV 1-F 4mm, and the positive and negative poles must be distinguished by color.
    · The PV cables are not allowed to be dragged directly under the module. The MC4 connectors are fixed with clips, and the parts that need to be bound are fixed with cable ties.
    · Solar DC wires need to distinguish between positive and negative poles, run along the back of the module, and fix them on the bracket; the exposed parts need to be laid through galvanized steel pipes, stainless steel sleeves or PA nylon corrugated pipes.
    · The beginning and end of the solar cable need to be numbered. The numbering is obvious, clear, and standardized, and can be used for a long time (the numbering is machine-typed, and handwriting is not allowed).
    · Roof AC cables need to be routed through cable trays, and sufficient support is required at the lowering point of the trays.
    · When laying solar PV cables on pedestrian or driving roads, they must be laid through steel pipes; when solar panel cables are laid through walls or boards, they must be laid through special casings for power cables; cable laying paths must be clearly marked; direct buried cables must be laid with armor and the depth of laying Not less than 0.7m.
    · All energized equipment shall post warning signs in conspicuous locations.

 

precautions for laying solar photovoltaic cables

 

5. Bridge, Line Branch Pipe

    · Hot-dip galvanized or aluminum alloy bridges are used to prevent rodents and at the same time facilitate heat dissipation and water removal.
    · Span line branch pipe all with hot dip galvanized steel pipe or small aluminum alloy line channel, the main line channel to the inverter with nylon corrugated pipe, PVC pipe is prohibited.
    · The bridge is made of hot-dip galvanized, aluminum alloy trough or ladder cable bridge above 65um. Bridge width ≤ 150mm, the allowable minimum plate 1.0mm; bridge width ≤ 300mm, the allowable minimum plate 1.2mm; bridge width ≤ 500mm, the allowable minimum plate 1.5mm.
    · The cover plate of the bridge frame is fixed by means of buckles, and the cover plate is completely fixed without problems such as warping and deformation; the corners of the bridge frame must be covered with rubber to prevent the cables from being cut.
    · The bridge should be kept suspended from the roof, the height from the roof should not be less than 5cm, there should be no direct contact, and it should be firm and reliable, and there will be no large swing; the bridge system should have reliable electrical connection and grounding, and the connection resistance at the joint Should not be greater than 4Ω.

 

6. Photovoltaic Inverter

    · Using aluminum alloy inverter bracket, bearing and connecting fixed, the counterweight meets the design requirements.
    · The inverter is installed near the rooftop string, and is fixed on the roof with brackets, so that the strings are not shaded.
    · The inverter and the external cable should be connected with the same brand and the same type of connector. During the installation or commissioning process, once the inverter starts, it is necessary to wait at least 5 minutes after the power is turned off until the internal components are fully discharged before replacing the connector.
    · It is recommended to install sunshade protection for the inverter on the roof. The protective sunshade cover should be able to cover the inverter, and the area should not be less than 1.2 times the projected area of ​​the inverter.
    · The inverter and the basic steel bracket need to be connected with a special yellow and green earth cable, and the basic steel bracket needs to be connected with the photovoltaic grounding ring network by a flat iron (the resistance is generally less than 4Ω).
    · The inverter does not use the interface and is covered with a special protective cover. The exposed connecting cables of the inverter should be protected by a bridge (or a snake skin tube), and the distance between the opening of the bridge and the lower end of the inverter should not be less than 15cm.
    · Each DC terminal of the inverter should be equipped with a number tube, which must correspond to the connected string. When connecting in series, the positive and negative electrodes and open-circuit voltage should be measured.
    · The DC input end of the string inverter has 2 strings under each MPPT. If not all connected, the DC input is required to distribute each MPPT as much as possible.
    · The serial number of the inverter box is affixed with a stainless steel nameplate, which is consistent and clear with the design drawing.

 

7. Grounding System

    · The grounding flat iron is fixed and connected by the existing photovoltaic module bracket, and the parts that are inconvenient to use the module bracket are fixed with clamps, and cannot be directly suspended on the color steel roof at will; the grounding jumper must be marked with yellow and green.
· Module grounding construction:

(1) The resistance value of the resistance between the modules and the modules, between the module array and the guide rail should meet the design requirements (generally not more than 4Ω).
(2) Between modules in the same square array, use BVR-1*4mm flexible wires in the grounding holes, and connect and fix them with stainless steel bolts.
(3) Between the modules and the flat iron in each square array, use a BVR-1*4mm flexible wire in the grounding hole, which is connected and fixed by stainless steel bolts, and each square array is guaranteed to be grounded at two points.

    · In order to reduce construction safety hazards, it is recommended not to use welding process for grounding flat iron, all of which are connected by bolts and fixtures, hydraulic holes are made, and the crimping method must meet the grounding standards.

 

8. Cleaning System

    Each project is equipped with a cleaning system: a water meter that meets the requirements is installed at the water connection point (convenient for settlement with the owner) and a booster pump (the lift is not less than 25 meters); the water outlet is equipped with a quick water intake valve to ensure that all components can be covered location, and configure a set of hoses (50 meters) and flushing guns; water pipes should be well protected from freezing; cleaning water pipes and other materials should be uniformly placed in the box-type power distribution room (if any) or at the location designated by the owner. Others such as robotic cleaning can also be considered.

 

    The quality control of photovoltaic power plants is related to the benefits and safety of the whole life cycle of the power plants, so a set of standards needs to be developed for the quality control of photovoltaic power plants. In the design, construction, operation and maintenance of the power station, it is implemented according to the standards and passed the acceptance. Only when all parties strictly control the quality control and management, can the quality of the power station be guaranteed.

Dongguan Slocable Photovoltaic Technology Co.,LTD.

Add:Guangda Manufacturing Hongmei Science and Technology Park, No. 9-2, Hongmei Section, Wangsha Road, Hongmei Town, Dongguan, Guangdong, China

TEL:0769-22010201

E-mail:pv@slocable.com.cn

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