Ke koho ʻana a me ka hoʻokomo ʻana i ka mea pale pale pale (SPD)

1.Nā pae koho

Ke koho ʻana i ka SPD no nā mea hana, pono mākou e noʻonoʻo ʻaʻole wale i kahi o nā mea hana akā ʻo ka mamao ma waena o IT a me nā mea hana ʻē aʻe, a ʻo ka hoʻolālā ʻana o ka mana mana e noʻonoʻo mua ʻia (e like me TN-S, TT, IT system, etc.) .ʻO ka hoʻokomo ʻana i ka SPD kokoke loa a i ʻole kahi mamao loa hiki ke loaʻa kahi hopena maikaʻi ʻole i ka pale ʻana o ka hāmeʻa (ʻo ka pili kokoke loa ke kumu o ka oscillate o ka hāmeʻa a me ka SPD, hiki ʻole ke hana maikaʻi ʻole).

Eia kekahi, pono e noʻonoʻo ke koho ʻana i ka SPD i kēia manawa i ka hāmeʻa, e hōʻoia i ka nui o nā ʻāpana SPD i koho ʻia, e loiloi i ka SPD e like me ka ʻikepili i loaʻa mai ka mea hana a noʻonoʻo i ke ola o ka lawelawe.mea hoʻopololei hoʻoulu, koho i ka ʻelemakule ʻole.

Pono e hoʻomaopopo ʻia he ʻoi aku ka nui o ka volta hana hoʻomau (UC) o ka mea pale pale ma mua o ka volta hana o ka hāmeʻa, a ʻo kēia kūlana, aia paha ka overvoltage transient (UT), e noʻonoʻo ʻia i ke koho ʻana i ka SPD. , ke loaʻa kēia paha a laila kamea hoʻopololei hoʻoulupono e loaʻa i ka voltage haʻahaʻa ma mua o UC.I loko o kahi ʻōnaehana mana ʻekolu-phase (220/380V), ʻo kekahi mau mea hana kūikawā wale nō (e like me nā lako kūikawā a i ʻole nā ​​​​mea hana mana e pono ai ka pale) e pale ʻia mai ka hana over-voltage.

2.Papa pale uila a me ka ʻāpana pale uila

ʻO ke kumu o ka koho SPD ʻo ia ka ʻike pono ʻana i ke kiʻekiʻe o ka pale uila (koe uila) Up, ka nui o ka hoʻokuʻu ʻana i kēia manawa, e hōʻoia i ka emi ʻana o Up ma mua o ka pae uila o nā mea i pale ʻia, a laila pale i nā mea hana.Wahi a IEC60364-4-44, IEC60664-1 a me IEC60730-1, i ka wā e hoʻolālā ai, e like me ka Lightning current distribution chart, lightning current shunt estimation formula and lightning current parameter table, i kumu nui no ke koho ʻana iā SPD.ʻO ka ʻae mua ʻana o ke kūkulu ʻana i ka pae ʻike uila uila.

Mai ka "Building Electronic Information System Lightning Protection Technical Code" GB50343-2012 e hōʻoia i ka māka pale uila o nā hale a me nā ʻāpana uila o kēia manawa ma hope o ka uila uila mua a me ka uila uila mua;Hiki ke loa'a mai ka hikiwawe o ka uwila o ka amplitude o keia manawa mai ka uwila amplitude o ka uwila amplitude i anaia e ka awelika makahiki hekili la T. E = 1-nc/n.(E hōʻike ana ʻo E i ka hoʻopaʻa ʻana i ka pono o nā mea pale, hōʻike ʻo NC i ka helu awelika makahiki o ka uila no nā lako ʻōnaehana ʻike i hōʻino ʻia e ka uila pololei a me ka uila electromagnetic pulse, a hōʻike ʻo N i ka helu makahiki i manaʻo ʻia o nā uila uila no nā hale):

(1) Papa A ke oi aku ka E ma mua o 0.98;(2) ka papa B inā ʻoi aku ka nui o E ma mua o 0.90 ma lalo a i ʻole like me 0.98;(3) ʻo ka papa C inā ʻoi aku ka nui o E ma mua o 0.80 a emi a like paha me 0.90;(4) papa D ke emi ka E ma lalo o ka 0.80;

Pono e hoʻokaʻawale ʻia ka Lightning Protection Zone (LPZ) i ka ʻāpana pale ʻole, ka ʻāpana pale, ka ʻāpana pale mua, ka ʻāpana pale ʻelua a me ka ʻāpana pale hahai.(kiʻi 3.2.2) e hoʻokō i kēia mau koi:

ʻO ka ʻĀpana Palekana Uila Kūleʻa (LPZOA): ʻaʻohe attenuation o ke kahua electromagnetic, hiki ke pā pololei ʻia nā ʻano mea āpau e ka uila, he wahi ākea ākea.

ʻO ka ʻĀpana Palekana Uila Kūleʻa (LPZOB): ʻaʻole i emi ke kahua electromagnetic, ʻaʻole i loaʻa nā ʻano mea āpau i ka uila pololei ʻana, ʻo ia ka ʻike piha ʻana o ka wahi palekana uila.

Wahi Palekana Mua (LPZ1): ma muli o ke ʻano pale o ka hale, ua hoʻemi ʻia ke kahe uila e kahe ana ma o nā conductors like ʻole ma mua o ka ʻāpana pale uila pololei (LPZOB), ua hoʻemi ʻia ke kahua electromagnetic a me nā ʻano āpau. ʻAʻole hiki ke loaʻa nā mea i ka uila pololei.

Wahi Palekana ʻElua (LPZ2): kahi wahi pale ma hope i hoʻokomo ʻia e ka hōʻemi hou ʻana o ka uila uila a i ʻole ke kahua electromagnetic.

(5) ʻĀpana Palekana ukali (LPZN): pono ka hoʻemi hou ʻana o nā pulu uila uila uila e pale i ka wahi pale o nā mea hana koʻikoʻi.

3.Palekana hoʻihoʻi no nā mea pale pale

I mea e pale ai i ka SPD mai ke kaapuni pōkole ma muli o ka ʻelemakule a i ʻole nā ​​hemahema ʻē aʻe, pono e hoʻokomo ʻia nā ʻano pale ma mua o SPD.ʻElua mau ʻano hana maʻamau, ʻo ka pale fuse, ʻo ka pale kaapuni kaʻa.Ma hope o ka ʻoi aku o 50 mau mea hoʻolālā o ka nīnau i ʻike ʻia ua ʻoi aku ma mua o 80% o nā mea hoʻolālā i hoʻohana i nā mea hoʻokele kaapuni, he mea paʻakikī loa.Manaʻo ka mea kākau he hewa ke kau ʻana i ka pale kaapuni, a pono e hoʻokomo i ka pale fuse.

ʻO ka pale o Surge Protector he pale pōkole pōkole, ʻaʻohe kūlana overload, me ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka mea hoʻokele kaapuni hiki ke hoʻohana wale i kāna pale ʻekolu (a i ʻole ʻelua pale) i ka hana hoʻomaha koke.

ʻO ke koho ʻana i nā mea pale no nā mea hoʻomalu o ka piʻi ʻana e pono e hoʻokumu ʻia ma ka hiki ke kaʻa pōkole ma ka hāmeʻa SPD.ʻO ke au pōkole pōkole o nā mea hana o ka pale ʻana i ka piʻi ʻana he mea nui, inā hoʻohana i ka mea hoʻokaʻawale kaʻapuni, a laila pono ka mea hoʻokaʻawale kaapuni o ka mana subsection kiʻekiʻe.

Pono e helu i ke kūpaʻa wela o ka conductor i hoʻopili ʻia me ka pale pale i ka wā e hoʻohana ai i ka circuit breaker.E like me ka mana pōkole o ke kiko, ʻo ka ʻāpana conductor i koho ʻia e nui loa a ʻaʻole kūpono ke kelepona.

No ka hoʻomaopopo ʻana i ka Principle of Surge Protection Device, kaomi ma kaKe Kumu o ka Mea Hoʻomalu Surge