Vim li cas Photovoltaics nyiam los ntawm Kev Ua Lag Luam?Puas Muaj Peev Xwm Faib Cov Hluav Taws Xob Hluav Taws Xob Hluav Taws Xob muaj sijhawm?

Musk ib zaug hais tias: Muab ib qho chaw rau kuv tus ntiv tes rau ntawm daim ntawv qhia Tebchaws Meskas, thiab kuv tuaj yeem tsim lub zog uas tuaj yeem muab tau tag nrho Tebchaws Meskas.Txoj kev nws hais yog photovoltaic fais fab +lub zog cia.

Yog hais tias ib lub xeev loj hauv Suav teb, xws li Inner Mongolia / Qinghai thiab lwm lub xeev uas muaj thaj chaw loj, tag nrho cov hnub ci thiab av tau siv rau kev tsim hluav taws xob, nws muaj peev xwm muab lub teb chaws hluav taws xob nyob rau hauv qhov zoo tagnrho.

Tuam Tshoj tus tam sim no cumulative ntsia muaj peev xwm ntawm photovoltaics yog 254.4GW, tab sis nyob rau hauv lub premise ntawm carbon neutrality, huv si, tsis muaj kuab paug / inexhaustible hnub ci zog yog tam sim no lub feem ntau pheej kev taw qhia.

Nyob rau hauv ib tsab ntawv tshaj tawm nyob rau lub Peb Hlis xyoo no, nws tau hais tias los ntawm 2030, Tuam Tshoj lub tshuab hluav taws xob tsim hluav taws xob photovoltaic yuav ncav cuag 1,025GW, thiab los ntawm 2060, lub peev xwm tsim hluav taws xob photovoltaic yuav ncav cuag 3800GW.Lub zog huv tam sim no suav nrog hydropower / nuclear fais fab / cua fais fab / photovoltaic zog tsim, uas tsis loj hauv cov nplai.Ib daim duab meej dua yog tias xyoo tas los, lub peev xwm ntawm lub tshuab hluav taws xob yog 370 lab kilowatts, lub zog nuclear yog 50 lab kilowatts, cua zog yog 280 lab kilowatts, thiab lub zog photovoltaic yog 250 lab kilowatts.

Muaj ntau ntau lub zog huv huv, thiab lub peev xwm ntawm lub zog photovoltaic tseem qis dua li ntawm lub zog cua.Vim li cas kev lag luam thiaj li optimistic txog lub zog photovoltaic?

1. Tus nqi qis

Hauv kaum xyoo dhau los, tus nqi hluav taws xob photovoltaic ib kilowatt-teev tau poob los ntawm 89%, thiab tus nqi nruab nrab ntawm hluav taws xob ib kilowatt-teev yog ib qho ntawm cov nqi hluav taws xob qis tshaj plaws ntawm txhua hom kev tsim hluav taws xob.Tus nqi nruab nrab ntawm kev tsim hluav taws xob hauv av hauv 2019 yog 4.55 yuan ib watt, thaum lub sij hawm tus nqi hluav taws xob yog 0.44 yuan ib kilowatt-teev;Xyoo 2020, tus nqi hluav taws xob yog 3.8 yuan ib watt, thiab tus nqi hluav taws xob yog 0.36 yuan ib kilowatt-teev.Tus nqi tsim kho tseem yuav poob qis ntawm tus nqi ntawm 5-10% hauv ib xyoos yav tom ntej, thiab cov ntaub ntawv kwv yees tias nws yuav poob mus rau 2.62 yuan / W los ntawm 2025.

Tuam Tshoj lub photovoltaic tau siv parity Internet nkag.Tam sim no, tsuas yog ob peb lub nroog thib ib thiab thib ob thiab lwm thaj chaw uas muaj cov tshav ntuj tsawg dua tseem muaj cov nyiaj pab them nqi photovoltaic.Feem ntau cov cheeb tsam twb tau ua tiav tus kheej txaus, txo tus nqi photovoltaic, nce lub zog tsim hluav taws xob, txhim kho lub zog tsim hluav taws xob ntawm monocrystalline silicon / polycrystalline silicon, thiab tus nqi yuav raug txo ntxiv rau yav tom ntej.

Qhov peb tab tom ntsib tam sim no yog qhov teeb meem ntawm cov dej ntws tsis txaus, thiab lub peev xwm ntawm cov khoom siv silicon tsis tuaj yeem khaws nrog kev noj, ua rau cov nqi ntau dhau.Photovoltaic modules thiab brackets yog pheej yig dua li ob peb xyoos dhau los.

2. Lub Sijhawm Ua Haujlwm luv

Kev tsim kho ntawm qhov chaw nres tsheb hydropower yog qhov nyuaj heev.Nws siv sijhawm 15 xyoo los ua kom tiav kev tsim kho ntawm Peb Gorges Dam, thiab 1.13 lab cov neeg hauv paus txawm raug tshem tawm.Raws li qhov xwm txheej tam sim no, nws nyuaj rau kev tsim kho Peb Gorges, lub voj voog ntev dhau lawm thiab tus nqi siab dhau lawm.Feem ntau hais lus, lub sijhawm tsim kho ntawm cov chaw nres tsheb loj thiab nruab nrab yog 5-10 xyoo, thiab lub sijhawm tsim kho ntawm cov chaw nres tsheb me me kuj siv sijhawm 2-3 xyoos.Qhov zoo dua yog tias qhov chaw nres tsheb hydropower muaj lub sijhawm ua haujlwm ntev, tsawg kawg yog ib puas xyoo.

Nuclear fais fab nroj tsuag yog cov haujlwm loj dua, cuam tshuam txog kev nyab xeeb ntawm nuclear.Tag nrho cov txheej txheem ntawm kev tswj hwm kev pom zoo, kev tsim vaj tsev engineering, kev teeb tsa thiab kev ua haujlwm yuav siv sijhawm 5-8 xyoo.

Lub sij hawm installation ntawm cua fais fab yog tsis ntev li ntawd, txog ib xyoos yog txaus.

Raws li kev hais lus, lub zog hluav taws xob photovoltaic yog lub sijhawm txuag hluav taws xob tshaj plaws.Centralized photovoltaic fais fab nroj tsuag tej zaum kuj nkim sij hawm, tab sis tam sim no qhov nrov faib photovoltaic, uas yog, photovoltaic fais fab nroj tsuag nrog lub tswv yim ntawm lub hwj chim grids los yog txawm microgrids, nyob rau hauv 3 lub hlis kev tsim kho ntawm lub hwj chim chaw nres tsheb yuav ua tiav, thiab lub sij hawm luv luv. yog heev haum rau peev peev kev tsim kho.

Tom qab tham txog qhov zoo, cia peb saib qhov tsis zoo.Vim li cas lub khw tseem muaj kev tsis ntseeg txog photovoltaics?

Kev tsim hluav taws xob photovoltaic tam sim no ntsib peb qhov teeb meem loj.Ib qho yog qhov tsim hluav taws xob tsis ruaj khov, thiab muaj ntau lub teeb pov tseg thiab hluav taws xob;Thib ob, cov chaw nres tsheb fais fab muaj ntau qhov chaw nyob deb thiab nyuaj rau kev thauj mus los;thib peb, centralized photovoltaics nyob ib tug loj npaum li cas ntawm thaj av.

Peb yuav txheeb xyuas peb qhov teeb meem no ib los ntawm ib qho.

a.Tso tseg Lub Teeb thiab Hluav Taws Xob

Yog vim li cas rau qhov tso tseg ntawm lub teeb yog vim muaj hluav taws xob ntau dhau lawm.

Txawm hais tias tag nrho cov tsoomfwv hauv nroog tau txo qis hluav taws xob, tsis yog txhua qhov hluav taws xob tsis txaus.Piv txwv li, cov xeev uas muaj ntau qhov chaw zoo nkauj xws li Qinghai thiab Inner Mongolia yeej muaj lub zog tsim hluav taws xob txaus.Tab sis txawm li ntawd los, tsis tsuas yog cua fais fab lossis photovoltaics xwb, lawv txhua tus ntsib teeb meem loj: kev tsim hluav taws xob tsis sib xws.

Cov huab cua txiav txim siab npaum li cas ntawm cov hluav taws xob tsim.Lub hauv paus ntawm kev tsim hluav taws xob photovoltaic yog lub hnub, lub zog tsim hluav taws xob nyob rau nruab hnub yog qhov tseeb ntau dua li yav tsaus ntuj, thiab lub zog tsim hluav taws xob nyob rau hnub tshav ntuj yog qhov tseeb ntau dua li ntawm huab cua los nag.Yog li ntawd, lub zog hluav taws xob photovoltaic cia siab rau huab cua thiab tsis muaj kev ywj pheej txhua.

Lub zog cia yog khaws cov hluav taws xob tsim tawm thaum lub sij hawm ncov hauv qee txoj kev.Lub zog cia thev naus laus zis yog ua kom lub zog hluav taws xob photovoltaic ruaj khov thiab ua tiav lub xeev ntawm qhov siab tshaj plaws shaving thiab hav filling.Tam sim no muaj ob txoj hauv kev khaws cia lub zog loj.Ib qho yog electrochemical zog cia, uas siv cov roj teeb los khaws cov hluav taws xob hluav taws xob;lwm yam yog hydrogen zog, uas hloov hluav taws xob hluav taws xob mus rau hydrogen zog, uas yog yooj yim rau kev thauj mus los thiab cia, thiab siv tau thaum xav tau.

Photovoltaic muaj lwm qhov tsis zoo: lub photoelectric hloov dua siab tshiab yuav lwj dhau sijhawm.Tom qab lub chaw nres tsheb hydropower tau tsim, nws yuav ua haujlwm tau ib puas xyoo, tab sis cov khoom ntawm lub chaw nres tsheb photovoltaic maj mam muaj hnub nyoog dhau sijhawm, thiab tuaj yeem so haujlwm hauv 15 xyoo.

b.Kev thauj hluav taws xob

Kev tsim hluav taws xob tsis sib xws hauv ntau qhov chaw yog qhov teeb meem hauv lub cev.

Tuam Tshoj muaj thaj av loj thiab nplua nuj, thiab cov txheej txheem tsim hluav taws xob tsis tuaj yeem ua tau dav dav.Hauv cov chaw xws li Yunnan thiab Sichuan, qhov chaw dej muaj ntau, siv dej ntau dua, thiab lub zog cua thiab hluav taws xob photovoltaic tau siv ntau dua nyob rau sab qaum teb hnub poob.Geographical qhov chaw ncaj qha txiav txim siab npaum li cas ntawm kev tsim hluav taws xob.Kev tsim hluav taws xob hauv thaj chaw qhuav nyob rau sab qaum teb sab hnub poob yuav tsum muaj zog ntau dua li cov chaw uas muaj nag ntau nyob rau sab qab teb sab hnub tuaj, sab qab teb sab hnub poob, thiab lwm yam. Qhov uas txaj muag tshaj yog tias thaj chaw muaj peev txheej muaj cov neeg tsawg dua;thaj chaw uas muaj neeg coob coob tsis muaj peev txheej txaus.Txawm hais tias cov cheeb tsam sab hnub tuaj thiab sab qab teb muaj cov pej xeem coob, ob qho tib si thermal zog thiab lub zog huv si tsim hluav taws xob raug txwv.

Qhov teeb meem ntawm kev faib tsis sib npaug ntawm cov peev txheej tshwm sim los ntawm thaj chaw thaj chaw yog qhov teeb meem yuav daws tau rau kev xa hluav taws xob los ntawm sab hnub poob mus rau sab hnub tuaj.Northwest cua fais fab, photovoltaic fais fab, thiab sab hnub poob hydropower yuav tsum tau thauj mus rau cov cheeb tsam tsim nyob rau sab qab teb ntawm Middle East, uas yuav tsum muaj kev tswj hwm ntawm daim phiaj hluav taws xob thiab qhov xav tau ntawm UHV kev xa hluav taws xob mus ntev thiab kev hloov pauv.

UHV tej yaam num, suav nrog cov cuab yeej siv, yees,photovoltaic cablesthiab infrastructure, thiab lwm yam., yog cov peev peev ntau dua hauv cov khoom siv thiab cables hauv kev ua lag luam.Cov khoom siv suav nrog cov khoom siv DC thiab cov khoom siv AC, xws li transformers thiab reactors.

c.Kev txwv hauv cheeb tsam

Vim li cas thiaj tsuas yog Northwestern Tuam Tshoj siv photovoltaics?Vim tias yav dhau los thev naus laus zis, kev ua lag luam tau mob siab rau kev tsim hluav taws xob photovoltaic hauv nruab nrab, ntau tus photovoltaic panels nyob hauv av los tsim hluav taws xob ntau.

Centralized vaj huam sib luag tsub kom, tsuas yog sparsely populated thaj chaw xws li Northwest tuaj yeem muaj tus mob no.Txawm li cas los xij, cov peev txheej hauv thaj av hauv nruab nrab thiab sab hnub tuaj yog qhov tseem ceeb, thiab tsis muaj qhov xwm txheej zoo li no los koom nrog hauv kev tsim hluav taws xob photovoltaic hauv nruab nrab, yog li kev faib hluav taws xob photovoltaic tam sim no nrov.

Muaj ob hom kev faib tawm, ib qho yog ru tsev photovoltaic, thiab lwm yam yog kev sib xyaw photovoltaic.Rooftop photovoltaics muaj kev txwv tsis pub muaj zog thiab kev ua haujlwm qis, yog li cov txiaj ntsig tau nce qib tsis zoo.Tam sim no kev lag luam muaj kev cia siab ntau ntxiv txog kev sib koom ua ke ntawm photovoltaic, uas yog, photovoltaic ru tsev + photovoltaic curtain phab ntsa.Fais fab photovoltaic fais fab nroj tsuag xa mus rau photovoltaic fais fab nroj tsuag hauv qab 6MW, feem ntau photovoltaic zog tsim tej yaam num ua rau lub tsev ru tsev thiab lwm yam idle wastelands.Qhov kev ncua deb ntawm lub load yog luv luv, qhov kev ncua deb yog luv, thiab nws yog ib qho yooj yim rau absorbed ntawm qhov chaw, yog li cov kev cia siab yog heev.