Kutheni isixhobo soMkhuseli weSurgery sitshiswa?

Iumkhuseli wokutyasisixhobo esibalulekileyo ekuthinteleni impembelelo overvoltage izixhobo zombane kwizakhiwo.Ngaphantsi kokukhuselwa kwe-SPD, nangona umbane wombane ukuya kumashumi e-kiloamps uhlasela isiphaluka sangaphakathi, umkhuseli wokunyuka unokukhawuleza ukukhupha kwigridi ephantsi komhlaba, ukukhusela ukusebenza okuzinzileyo nokukhuselekileyo kwezixhobo zethu zombane.Nangona kunjalo, kwiminyaka yakutshanje, ingxaki yomlilo yezixhobo zokukhusela i-surgery yenzeke ngezikhathi ezithile.Nokuba umkhuseli wotyando ukhuselekile okanye hayi kwaye kutheni umkhuseli wotyando etshisa ibe yinkxalabo kubasebenzisi.Namhlanje, siza kukunika isayensi edumileyo malunga nokuba kutheni umkhuseli wotyando etshisa.

Umbane wangoku, udla ngokuba nomgangatho ophezulu wangoku, iimpawu zesantya esikhawulezayo, ngokuqhelekileyo kumashumi okanye amakhulu ee-microseconds ziya kudlula amashumi eekhilomperes zangoku, ukuba azikhutshwanga, ziya kubangela iziphumo ezibulalayo ekusebenziseni izixhobo zombane kunye nobomi bomntu.Surge umkhuseli usebenzisa resistors uxinzelelo-obuthathaka okanye ukukhupha izikhewu, ekusebenzeni eqhelekileyo ilingana ukuxhathisa enkulu kwaye ayichaphazeli umsebenzi eqhelekileyo kwezinye izixhobo zombane, kumgca umbane ngokungena ngokungxamisekileyo ukuqhuba, umbane yangoku elifutshane-isekethe kwisebe. kunye nokukhutshwa kwizixhobo zokumisa.Umbuso we-SPD obangelwa ngumbane oqinileyo othe ngqo uhlala uvuthelwa, kwaye akukho xesha lokuba i-SPD itshise.Ke kutheni isixhobo sokukhusela utyando sivutha?

Isixhobo sokukhusela i-surge isetyenziswe kumgca ixesha elide, kwaye iya kuhla kancinci.Ngeli xesha, xa izixhobo ezinkulu kumgca ziqala ukusebenza, i-overvoltage yokusebenza iya kuveliswa.Le overvoltage yokusebenza inokubangela ukuba i-varistor ivelise i-short-circuit current.Ngokwefomula yokuvelisa ubushushu boMbane, xa ubushushu bufikelela kwinqanaba elithile, umkhuseli wokutya uya kuvelisa ubushushu obuninzi kwaye abangele ukuba kutshiswe umlilo.Ke ngoko, umkhuseli wokutya uyatshiswa, ngokuqhelekileyo ubangelwa ngumbane omfutshane.

Ngenxa yoku, kuchazwe ngokucacileyo kwi-GB 51348-2019 ukuba isiphelo sangaphambili somkhuseli wotyando kufuneka sixhotyiswe ngomkhuseli okhethekileyo we-SPD.Xa i-current-circuit current isenzeka emgceni, umkhuseli we-backup uqhawulwe ngokukhawuleza, ukuze umkhuseli wokutya akhuselwe, ngale ndlela umkhuseli wokutya akayi kutsha.