Kungani Idivayisi Ye-Surge Protector Ishisa?

Isurge umvikeliiyithuluzi elibalulekile lokuvimbela umthelela we-overvoltage yezinto zikagesi ezakhiweni.Ngaphansi kokuvikelwa kwe-SPD, ngisho noma umbani ofinyelela emashumini ama-kiloamp uhlasela isifunda sangaphakathi, umvikeli ohlinzayo angakwazi ukukhipha ngokushesha kugridi engaphansi komhlaba, ukuvikela ukusebenza okuzinzile nokuphephile kwemishini yethu kagesi.Kodwa-ke, eminyakeni yamuva nje, inkinga yomlilo yemishini yokuvikela ukuhlinzwa yenzeka ngezikhathi ezithile.Ukuthi ngabe isivikeli sokuhlinza siphephile yini noma cha nokuthi kungani isivikeli sokuhlinza siphela sekuyinkinga kubasebenzisi.Namuhla, sizokunikeza isayensi edumile yokuthi kungani umvikeli ohlinzayo esha.

Umbani wamanje, ngokuvamile unezici zamanje eziphezulu, isivinini esisheshayo, ngokuvamile emashumini noma amakhulu ama-microseconds azodlula amashumi ama-kilomperes wamanje aphezulu, uma engakhishwa, azodala imiphumela ebulalayo ekusetshenzisweni kwezinto zikagesi nokuphila komuntu.Umvikeli ohlinzayo usebenzisa ama-resistors azwela ukucindezela noma izikhala zokukhipha, ekusebenzeni okuvamile kulingana nokumelana okukhulu futhi akuphazamisi umsebenzi ovamile wezinye izinto zikagesi, emgqeni wokungena wombani wamanje uqhuba ngokushesha, umbani wamanje omfishane egatsheni. nokukhishwa kumadivayisi aphansi.Isimo se-SPD esibangelwa umbani oqinile oqondile ngokuvamile sivunguza, futhi asikho isikhathi sokuthi i-SPD ishe.Ngakho kungani idivayisi yokuvikela ukuhlinzwa isha?

Idivayisi yokuvikela ukuhlinza isetshenziswe kulayini isikhathi eside, futhi izowohloka kancane kancane.Ngalesi sikhathi, lapho okokusebenza okukhulu kulayini kuqala ukusebenza, kuzokwenziwa i-overvoltage yokusebenza.Lokhu overvoltage yokusebenza kungase kubangele i-varistor ukuthi ikhiqize i-short-circuit current.Ngokusho kwefomula yokukhiqiza ukushisa kukagesi, uma ukushisa sekufinyelele ezingeni elithile, isivikeli sokuhlinza sizokhipha ukushisa okuningi futhi sibangele ukuthi umlilo ushiswe.Ngakho-ke, umvikeli ohlinzayo uyashiswa, ngokuvamile okubangelwa i-short-circuit current.

Ngenxa yalokhu, kubekwe ngokucacile ku-GB 51348-2019 ukuthi indawo engaphambili yesivikeli sokuhlinzwa kumele ifakwe isivikelo esikhethekile se-SPD.Uma i-current-circuit current yenzeka kulayini, isivikelo esiyisipele sokuhlinza siyanqanyulwa ngokushesha, ukuze isivikelo sokuhlinza sivikelwe, ngale ndlela isivikeli sokuhlinza ngeke sishise.