2021-10-30
Engxenyeni yokuqala ka-2021, umthamo we-photovoltaic osanda kufakwa we-13.01GW, kuze kube manje, umthamo kazwelonke ofakiwe wokukhiqiza amandla we-photovoltaic usufinyelele ku-268GW.Ngokusetshenziswa kwenqubomgomo ethi “3060 Carbon Peak Carbon Neutrality”, amaphrojekthi okuthuthukisa isifunda azosatshalaliswa ezweni lonke, futhi sekufike omunye umjikelezo wokwakha omkhulu we-photovoltaic.Eminyakeni elandelayo, ama-photovoltaics azongena esikhathini esilandelayo sokuthuthukiswa okusheshayo.
Ngesikhathi esifanayo, izitshalo zamandla e-photovoltaic ezazakhiwe ngaphambili futhi zaxhunywa kugridi nazo seziqalile ukungena esiteji sokusebenza esizinzile, futhi ngisho nezitshalo zamandla ze-PV ezakhiwe ezinyathelweni zokuqala seziqedile ukubuyisela izindleko.
Amehlo abatshalizimali ashintshile kancane kancane kusukela ekuqaleni kokutshalwa kwezimali kanye nokuthuthukiswa kanye nokwakhiwa kuya esigabeni sakamuva sokusebenza, futhi ukucabanga kokwakhiwa kwezitshalo zamandla e-photovoltaic kuye kwashintsha kancane kancane kusukela kuzindleko eziphansi kakhulu zokutshala izimali ekuqaleni kwezindleko eziphansi kakhulu. kagesi kuwo wonke umjikelezo wempilo.Lokhu kudinga ukuthi ukuklanywa kweziteshi zikagesi ze-PV, ukukhethwa kwemishini, ikhwalithi yokwakha, nokuhlolwa kwamagatsha okusebenzayo kuya ngokuya kubaluleke kakhulu.
Izindleko ezilinganisiwe nge-kilowatt-hora ngayinye (LCOE) yezitshalo zamandla e-photovoltaic zikhokhelwa ukunakwa okwengeziwe kulesi sigaba, ikakhulukazi esikhathini samanje sokulingana.
Kusukela ekuthuthukisweni okunamandla kwe-photovoltaics eminyakeni yamuva, kungabonakala ukuthi izindleko ze-BOS ekuthuthukisweni kanye nezindleko zokwakha izitshalo zamandla e-photovoltaic ziye zacindezelwa ngokweqile, futhi igumbi lokunciphisa lilinganiselwe kakhulu.Kungabonakala kufomula yokubala ye-LCOE engenhla ukuthi ukunciphisa i-LCOE, singaqala kuphela ezicini ezintathu: ukunciphisa izindleko zokwakha, ukukhulisa ukukhiqizwa kwamandla, nokunciphisa izindleko zokusebenza.
Izindleko zezimali, izindleko zempahla yemishini, nezindleko zokwakha yizona zingxenye eziyinhloko zezindleko zokwakha izitshalo zamandla elanga ze-PV.Ngokuphathelene nezinto zemishini, izindleko zingancishiswa ngokukhethaizintambo ze-aluminium pvfuthihlukanisa amabhokisi okuhlangana, lokhu kuchazwe ngokuningiliziwe ezindabeni ezedlule.Ngaphezu kwalokho, kungase futhi kunciphise izindleko zokwakha ngokombono wokunciphisa ukusetshenziswa kwemishini nezinto zokwakha.
Uhlelo lokuklama lwamandla kagesi aphezulu, i-sub-array enkulu kanye nesilinganiso somthamo ophezulu siyamukelwa ukuze kwehliswe izindleko zokwakhiwa kwesistimu.I-voltage ephezulu ingakhuphula umthamo wamanje wokuthwala womugqa kanye nomthamo wokudlulisa wesistimu ye-1500V izikhathi ezingu-1.36 zesistimu ye-1100V yekhebula lokucaciswa okufanayo, okungasindisa ngempumelelo ukusetshenziswa kwezintambo ze-photovoltaic.
Ukwamukela uhlelo lokuklama lwe-sub-array enkulu kanye ne-high-capacity ratio, ukunciphisa inani le-sub-array kuyo yonke iphrojekthi kungasindisa ngempumelelo ukusetshenziswa nokufakwa kweziteshi ezincane zohlobo lwebhokisi endaweni ye-photovoltaic, ngaleyo ndlela kunciphise izindleko zokwakha uhlelo. .Isibonelo, isiteshi sikagesi esingu-100MW siqhathanisa ama-sub-arrays ahlukene kanye nezilinganiso zomthamo, njengoba kukhonjisiwe kuthebula elilandelayo:
| Ukuhlaziywa kokusetshenziswa kwemishini kagesi endaweni ye-PV ye-100MW PV power station | ||||
| Amandla we-sub-array | 3.15MW | 1.125MW | ||
| Isilinganiso somthamo | 1.2:1 | 1:1 | 1.2:1 | 1:1 |
| Inombolo yama-sub-arrays | 26 | 31 | 74 | 89 |
| Inombolo Yeziguquli Kuhlelo Oluncane Olulodwa | 14 | 14 | 5 | 5 |
| 3150KVA Transformer Ubuningi | 26 | 31 | / | / |
| Inombolo yama-1000KVA Transformers | / | / | 83 | 100 |
Kungabonakala kuthebula elingenhla ukuthi ngaphansi kwesilinganiso somthamo ofanayo, uhlelo olukhulu lwe-sub-array lwenza inani lamalungu afanayo angaphansi kwayo yonke iphrojekthi libe lincane, futhi inani elincane lamalungu afanayo angaphansi lingalondoloza ukusetshenziswa koshintsho lwebhokisi futhi ukwakhiwa nokufakwa okuhambisanayo;Ngaphansi komthamo, i-high-capacity ratio scheme nayo inganciphisa inani lama-sub-arrays, ngaleyo ndlela ilondoloze inani lama-inverters nama-box transformer.Ngakho-ke, ekwakhiweni kwezitshalo zamandla e-photovoltaic, isilinganiso samandla kanye nendlela yokusebenzisa ama-sub-arrays amakhulu kufanele kwandiswe ngangokunokwenzeka ngokuya ngezici ezifana nokukhanya, izinga lokushisa le-ambient, kanye nendawo yephrojekthi.
Esiteshini sikagesi esiphansi, amamodeli ajwayelekile kulesi sigaba yi-inverter engu-225Kw series kanye ne-3125kw centralized inverter.Intengo yeyunithi ye-inverter yochungechunge iphakeme kancane kunaleyo ye-inverter emaphakathi.Kodwa-ke, uhlelo lokuthuthukisa lwesakhiwo esimaphakathi se-inverter yochungechunge lunganciphisa ngempumelelo ukusetshenziswa kwezintambo ze-AC, futhi inani elincishisiwe lezintambo ze-AC lingakwazi ukususa ngokuphelele umehluko wentengo phakathi kwe-inverter yochungechunge kanye ne-inverter emaphakathi.
Ukuhlelwa okumaphakathi kweziguquli zezintambo kunganciphisa izindleko ze-BOS ngo-0.0541 yuan/W uma kuqhathaniswa nesakhiwo esivamile sokuhlukaniswa, futhi kunciphise izindleko ze-BOS ngo-0.0497 yuan/W uma kuqhathaniswa nesixazululo se-inverter esimaphakathi.Kungabonakala ukuthi ukuhlelwa okuphakathi kwezintambo kunganciphisa kakhulu izindleko ze-BOS.Kuma-inverter ezintambo angu-300kW+ azayo, umphumela wokunciphisa izindleko wesakhiwo esimaphakathi ubonakala nakakhulu.
Indlela yokwandisa ukukhiqizwa kwamandla eziteshini zikagesi ze-PV sekube isixhumanisi esibaluleke kakhulu ekunciphiseni i-LCOE.Kusukela ekwakhiweni kwesistimu yokuqala, ukuklanywa kwesistimu ye-photovoltaic kufanele kunqunywe ngombono wokwandisa inani le-PR, ukuze kwandiswe ukukhiqizwa kwamandla.Esikhathini esilandelayo, ukusebenza nokugcinwa kuyadingeka ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukusebenza okunempilo kwezitshalo zamandla e-photovoltaic.
Izinto eziyinhloko ezithinta inani le-PR lezinhlelo zokukhiqiza amandla e-photovoltaic yizici zemvelo kanye nezici zemishini.Ngenxa yethonya lezici zemvelo, i-angle yokuthambekela ye-module, ukuguqulwa kwesici sokushisa semodyuli, kanye nokusebenza kahle kokuguqulwa kwe-inverter konke kuthinta ngokuqondile inani le-PR lesistimu ye-photovoltaic.Ukukhetha izingxenye ze-coefficient yezinga lokushisa eliphansi ezindaweni ezinamazinga okushisa aphezulu, nokukhetha izingxenye ze-coefficient yokushisa okuphezulu ezindaweni ezinamazinga okushisa aphansi kungakhuphula ukulahlekelwa ukusebenza kahle okubangelwa ukukhuphuka kwezinga lokushisa;sebenzisa ama-inverters ezintambo ngokusebenza kahle kokuguqulwa okuphezulu kanye ne-MPPT eminingi Futhi ezinye izici zithuthukisa ukusebenza kahle kokuguqulwa kwe-DC/AC.
Ngemva kokubala ibanga phakathi kwemigqa yangaphambili nengemuva usebenzisa i-engeli yokuthambekela engcono kakhulu, yehlisa ngokufanelekile i-engeli yokufaka yemojuli ngo-3 ukuya ku-5°, okungakhuphula ngempumelelo ubude besikhathi sokukhanya kwasebusika.
Sebenzisa ngokugcwele isiteji sokusebenza nokulungiswa okuhlakaniphile, ukuhlolwa okuvamile esigabeni sokusebenza nokulungiswa, nokuhlolwa kwemishini evamile, futhi usebenzise izinhlelo ezinkulu zokuhlaziya idatha, izinhlelo ze-IV zokuxilonga kanye neminye imisebenzi ukuze kutholwe ngokushesha imishini enephutha ezindaweni ezinephutha, ukuthuthukisa ukusebenza. kanye nokusebenza kahle kwemishini, kanye nokuqinisekisa ukusebenza kahle kwemishini.
Izindleko eziyinhloko zezitshalo zamandla e-photovoltaic esigabeni sokusebenza zibandakanya amaholo okusebenza nokunakekela abasebenzi, izindleko zokulungisa izinto zokusebenza, kanye nentela ye-value-added kagesi.
Ukulawulwa kwezindleko zamaholo okusebenza nokunakekela abasebenzi kungenziwa ngcono kusukela esakhiweni sabasebenzi ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukubamba iqhaza kwabasebenzi aba-1 kuya kwaba-2 abasebenza kanye nokunakekela abanobuchwepheshe obuqine kakhulu bezobuchwepheshe, kwakhiwe uhlelo olusebenzayo noluthembekile lokuhlaziya idatha, futhi lwamukele izindlela zesayensi nezinhlelo zokuphatha. ukuze kuzuzwe ubuhlakani Ukusebenza nokunakekelwa akukwazi nje ukunciphisa inani labasebenzi abajwayelekile abasebenza kanye nokugcinwa kwempahla, kodwa futhi kuthuthukise ukusebenza kahle nokusebenza kahle, kunciphise izindleko zokusebenza nezokulungisa, kuzuzwe umthombo ovulekile ngempela futhi kunciphise izindleko, futhi ekugcineni kube okunganakiwe.
Ukonga izindleko zokulungisa izinto zokusebenza, kufanele siqale sihlole isikhathi sokwakhiwa kwephrojekthi bese sikhetha amabhrendi aziwayo (njengama-slocable) futhi kulula ukuyinakekela imikhiqizo yezinto zikagesi (njenge-GIS, inverter yochungechunge neminye imikhiqizo yamahhala yokulungisa).Izinto zikagesi kanye nezintambo ze-photovoltaic zizolinganiswa njalo, futhi izinkinga ezingase zibe khona zizolungiswa futhi zishintshwe ngesikhathi.Yehlisa izindleko zokulungisa kabusha izinto zokusebenza noma uqede ukushintshwa kwemishini.
Intela ye-value-added tax iyongiwa intela ngokufanelekile, ukuphathwa kwezimali kwenziwa ngesikhathi sokuthula, futhi intela yokufaka phakathi nesikhathi sokwakha nesikhathi sokusebenza nesokulungisa isetshenziswa ngokunengqondo ukuze kudonswe, ikakhulukazi izindleko ezihlakazekile phakathi nesikhathi sokusebenza nesokulungisa.Inani elilodwa alilikhulu, kodwa inani eliphelele alincane, kuyadingeka ukuthola ama-invoyisi entela akhethekile ukuze kubanjwe intela ye-value-added kuzikweletu zikagesi, futhi kuncishiswe intela ye-value-added kuzikweletu zikagesi ngokunengqondo. kusuka kancane kancane, futhi ugcine izindleko ezindala.
Ukwehliswa kwezindleko zokusebenza kuklama zonke izici futhi kancane kancane kuwo wonke umjikelezo wempilo wesiteshi sikagesi.Izindawo eziningi ezingabonakali ngokuvamile azinakwa, futhi ukuqoqwa kwezinzuzo ezincane kungabangela ukulahlekelwa okukhulu ngesikhathi sokusebenza.
Ngamafuphi, ngaphansi kwemodi yamanje yokulinganisa ku-inthanethi, ayikho imali etholwayo yoxhaso, futhi ukwehlisa i-LOCE sekuyindlela ebalulekile yokuthola ukutholwa kwezindleko kusenesikhathi futhi kuzuzwe inzuzo.Ku-LCOE, kusukela ekuqaleni kokwakhiwa kuze kube sekupheleni kokusebenza, kungumqondo wawo wonke umjikelezo wokuphila wesitshalo sonke samandla we-photovoltaic.Khona-ke, i-LCOE efanelekile esiyiphishekelayo ukukhulisa ukuphehlwa kukagesi futhi kancane kancane sinciphise izindleko zokwakha nokusebenza.
I-Dongguan Slocable Photovoltaic Technology Co.,LTD.
Engeza:Guangda Manufacturing Hongmei Science and Technology Park, No. 9-2, Hongmei Section, Wangsha Road, Hongmei Town, Dongguan, Guangdong, China
TEL:0769-22010201
