Mayar da hankali kan manufa "Carbon biyu", masana'antar haɗa sabbin tsarin makamashi

Tare da gabatar da shirin "Carbon Biyu", sabon makamashi ya zama muhimmin aikin ci gaba da burin dogon lokaci a duniya.Ikon iska, samar da wutar lantarki na photovoltaic, ajiyar makamashi da sauran ayyukan sun gabatar da manufofin da suka dace daya bayan daya, inganta ci gaban masana'antu zuwa inganci, inganci da ƙananan farashi.A cikin wannan mahallin, waɗanne dama da ƙalubale za su yimai haɗawafuska?Kuma matsayin shimfidar kasuwancin haɗin haɗin gwiwa?Ci gaba da karatu.

Manufofin sun tsara taswirar ci gaba da manufofi

Domin tallafawa manufar"Carbon Peak, carbon tsaka tsaki”, Ci gaban sabon samar da wutar lantarki da masana'antar ajiyar makamashi ya samar da taswirar hanya da manufa.

Don samar da wutar lantarki, 2021 ya ba da shawarar cewa yawan iskar wutar lantarki da samar da wutar lantarki a cikin ƙasar.'Yawan wutar lantarkin zai kai kusan kashi 11 cikin 100, kuma zai ci gaba da karuwa a kowace shekara, inda zai kai kusan kashi 16.5 nan da shekarar 2025. Nan da shekara ta 2030, jimillar karfin wutar lantarki da aka girka na iska da hasken rana zai kai fiye da kilowatt biliyan 1.2.A karshen shekarar 2020, za a girka kilowatts miliyan 281 na karfin iska da kuma kilowatt miliyan 253 na wutar lantarki, wanda ya kai kilowatt miliyan 534, a cewar hukumar kula da makamashi ta kasa.1.2 gigawatts kuma kusan 700 gigawatts.

Ajiye makamashi, ta 2025 ƙarfin ajiyar makamashi fiye da kilowatts miliyan 30 (wato, 30 GW +) .Bisa kididdigar da aka yi, ya zuwa karshen shekarar 2020, yawan ma'aunin da aka girka na ajiyar makamashin lantarki na cikin gida ya kai 3.28 GW, 30 GW nesa, akwai bambanci sau 10.

Bugu da ƙari, zuwan PV, zamanin wutar lantarki na iska, sabon makamashi ya ci gaba da ci gaba da ci gaba da sauri.A sa'i daya kuma, saboda rashin kwanciyar hankali na sabbin samar da makamashi, masana'antar adana makamashi ta shiga wani mataki na ci gaba cikin sauri.Sakamakon manufar, sabbin samar da makamashi da ajiyar makamashi ba a raba su ba, kuma adadin samar da wutar lantarki da na'urorin ajiyar makamashi ya karu a ko'ina, daga kashi 5 zuwa 20 cikin dari na adadin ajiyar makamashi.

Dama da kalubale suna tare a masana'antar haɗin gwiwa

Wadanne dama da kalubale za a samu ga masana'antar haɗin gwiwa yayin da ƙasar ke haɓaka sabbin hanyoyin samar da wutar lantarki da masana'antar adana makamashi?

Domin cimma burin "Kabon Carbon Biyu", ƙasar tana haɓaka sabbin masana'antar makamashi da ƙarfi.Mai haɗawa a matsayin maɓalli mai mahimmanci na haɗin gwiwa, ana amfani da shi sosai a cikin samar da wutar lantarki, ajiyar makamashi da samfuran tashar tashar ƙasa, kasuwa ta tashi.

Misali, kusan nau'i-nau'i 4,000 namai haɗa wutar lantarkiAna amfani da s don aikace-aikacen PV 1 MW, kuma ana buƙatar kusan nau'i-nau'i miliyan 4 na masu haɗawa don shigarwa 1 GW.Jimillar ƙarfin da aka girka na iska da hasken rana zai kai ga shirin da aka tsara na sama da gigawatts 1.2 nan da shekarar 2030, kuma za a buƙaci ƙarin 700 GW, wanda aƙalla nau'i-nau'i na photovoltaic biliyan 1 za a buƙaci.Baya ga wutar lantarki, ajiyar makamashi da sauran kasuwanni, karuwar bukatar kasuwar mai haɗawa, ga masana'antar haɗin gwiwa wata dama ce.

Amma yayin da sabbin masana'antar makamashi ke girma, masu haɗin haɗin gwiwa suna zama masu dogaro, dadewa da aminci, kuma ana buƙatar sarrafa farashi.Fasaha mafi girma, mafi inganci, ƙananan buƙatun farashi, zai kawo ƙalubale ga masana'antun haɗin gwiwa.

A cikin masana'antar photovoltaic, alal misali, siliki wafers suna haɓaka zuwa girman girman girman don rage farashin samar da wutar lantarki, amma wannan zai ƙara yawan aiki na yanzu na kayayyaki.A halin yanzu, matsakaicin matsakaicin ƙarfin wutar lantarki na samfuran 210mm akan kasuwa ya fi 17A, ɗan gajeren kewayawa ya fi 18A, kusan ninki biyu na halin yanzu na 156mm da 166mm, samfuran 210mm za su buƙaci a sanye su da akwatin junction na 30A. da mai haɗawa.Amintaccen mai haɗin PV kanta zai shafi idan an yi amfani da shi don dacewa da babban halin yanzu na 210mm module.Misali, babban halin yanzu zai kawo hauhawar zafin jiki, kuma ƙarfin dumama mai haɗawa zai ƙaru sosai yayin da sama da na yanzu ya tashi, don haɓaka ƙimar gazawar mai haɗawa.Da zarar mai haɗin haɗin ya kasa, asarar wutar lantarki, farashin kulawa har ma da haɗari na aminci zai biyo baya, wanda zai haifar da matsa lamba ga ƙirar samfura da fasaha na masana'anta.

Daga samar da wutar lantarki zuwa ajiyar makamashi

Ta hanyar nazarin sabon rarraba makamashi na kamfanonin haɗin gwiwar waje, an kuma gano cewa kamfanonin da ke da hannu a wutar lantarki, samar da wutar lantarki na photovoltaic da sauran sababbin matakan samar da makamashi suna fadadawa a hankali zuwa masana'antar ajiyar makamashi, har ma da karuwar zuba jari a cikin ajiyar makamashi. masana'antu.

"Mai haɗin ajiya yana ɗaya daga cikin mahimman samfuran mu a wannan shekara,”Manajan masana'antar phoenix Guo Chao ya shaidawa manema labarai.

Don cimma nasara"Karbon biyu”burin, haɓakar wutar lantarki da samar da wutar lantarki na photovoltaic ba makawa ba ne, amma akwai matsala mai mahimmanci: yanayin da ya shafi yanayin, samar da wutar lantarki ba shi da tabbas.Amma buƙatun mabukaci ya daidaita, don haka ana buƙatar tsarin ajiyar makamashi don yin aiki azaman yanki mai ɗaukar nauyi don tabbatar da cewa isassun wutar lantarki yana samuwa a ƙasan ƙasa.Don haka, lokacin da sabuwar masana'antar samar da wutar lantarki ta bunkasa cikin sauri, masana'antar adana makamashi za ta sami babban ci gaba mai girma.

"Masu samar da sabbin makamashi da kuma ajiyar makamashi sun bambanta,”in ji Guo.Phoenix's matsayi a cikin photovoltaic masana'antu ne m balagagge, da shekara-shekara domin fitarwa a barga fitarwa, amma makamashi ajiya shi ne sabon layout na filin a cikin shekaru biyu da suka gabata, ba wani babban rabo daga halin yanzu, ana vigorously ciyar.

A cikin shekaru biyu da suka gabata, ajiyar makamashi na lantarki (ajiya makamashin baturi) yana haɓaka cikin sauri, kuma Slicable yana faɗaɗa layin samfuran makamashi don saduwa da abokan ciniki.'buƙatun ƙarfin lantarki mafi girma, mafi girma na yanzu da kariya mafi girma.Samfura masu alaƙa da Slicable'Ana sa ran babban ƙarfin halin yanzu zai fara aiki a cikin rabin na biyu na shekara, a kusa da tsara na gaba na tsarin ajiya.

Za a iya samun dorewar amfani da sabbin makamashi ta hanyar tsarin adana makamashi.Dangane da manufofin da aka sanar a ko'ina, yawan adadin makamashin da ake buƙata don shigarwar wutar lantarki ta photovoltaic ya bambanta daga 5% zuwa 20%, wanda 10% shine mafi rinjaye, kuma kasuwar ajiyar makamashi tana buɗewa a hankali, ƙarin masana'antun masu haɗawa suna shiga. .

Kammalawa

Don magance dumamar yanayi, ƙasashe suna aiki tuƙuru don cimma nasarar"Karbon biyu”manufa.A ƙarƙashin haɓakar manufofin, wutar lantarki, tushen tushen photovoltaic sabon shigar da kuzari cikin sauri, kasuwar ajiyar makamashi kuma za ta haifar da fashewa, sabon samar da makamashi da haɗin gwiwar masana'antar ajiyar makamashi, zai sa kasuwar mai haɗawa ta sami sabon yanayin haɓaka. .