Tsarin da Manyan Ayyuka na Akwatin Haɗin Rukunin Rana

       Akwatunan haɗin hasken ranaAna amfani da masu lantarki don kare igiyoyi daga girgiza jiki da cizon kwari ta hanyar amfani da igiyoyin kebul a wajen igiyoyin.Kuma a haɗin kebul na USB (ko a kusurwar bututun na USB), yi amfani da akwatin junction azaman canji.Ana haɗa bututun igiyoyi guda biyu zuwa akwatin haɗin gwiwa, kuma igiyoyin da ke cikin bututun suna haɗa su a cikin akwatin mahadar.Akwatin haɗin rana yana taka rawar karewa da haɗa igiyoyi.

Ayyukan akwatin junction na Solar shine haɗa wutar lantarki da tsarin PV ke samarwa zuwa wayoyi na waje.Tun da sau da yawa ana buƙatar amfani da na'urorin hasken rana a cikin matsanancin yanayi na waje kuma suna da garanti har zuwa shekaru 25, hasken rana yana da manyan buƙatu don akwatunan haɗi.Bugu da ƙari, don tabbatar da amincin haɗin gwiwa, don tabbatar da amincin wayoyi na ciki, akwatin haɗin hasken rana kuma yana buƙatar samun babban ƙarfin tsufa, ƙarfin UV;don samun babban matakin hana ruwa da ƙura, gabaɗaya don cimma IP67 ko fiye;zai iya tsayayya da babban halin yanzu (gaba ɗaya yana buƙatar fiye da 20A), babban ƙarfin lantarki (gaba ɗaya 1000 volts, yawancin samfurori na iya kaiwa 1500 volts);Yi amfani da yawan zafin jiki mai yawa (-40 ℃ ~ 85 ℃), ƙananan zafin jiki na aiki da jerin buƙatu.Hakanan, don attenuate da guje wa tasirin tabo mai zafi, an haɗa diodes a cikin akwatin mahadar hasken rana.

Haɗin gwiwa akwatin pv panel junction: murfin akwatin (ciki har da zoben rufewa), jikin akwatin, tashoshi, diodes, igiyoyi, da masu haɗawa.

Tsarin Akwatin Haɗin Rukunin Rana

1. Akwatin jiki da murfin akwatin junction

Kayan tushe na jikin akwatin da murfin akwatin haɗin haɗin hasken rana ana amfani dashi akai-akai PPO, wanda ke da fa'idodi na rigidity mai kyau, juriya mai zafi, rashin ƙonewa, ƙarfin ƙarfi da kyawawan kayan lantarki.Bugu da kari, PPO kuma yana da abũbuwan amfãni daga lalacewa juriya, ba mai guba, gurbatawa juriya, mai kyau weather juriya, da dai sauransu. da za a yi amfani da shi a ƙananan, matsakaita da ƙananan filayen lantarki.PPO mai tsafta da ba a canza shi ba yana da babban danko mai narke, rashin iya aiki da gyare-gyare, kuma ba za a iya ƙera shi ta hanyar injin gyare-gyaren allura ba.Don magance wannan matsala, ana iya canza PPO ta hanyar jiki ko kuma hanyar sinadarai, kuma PPO da aka gyara ana kiransa MPPO.Nau'in narke mai zafi MPPO ana ƙera shi ta injin gyare-gyaren allura don samar da jikin akwatin.Hanyar masana'anta na murfi daidai yake da jikin akwatin, kawai ƙirar ta bambanta.Don inganta aikin hana ruwa, murfin zai sami hatimin da aka yi da silicone.

2. Tashar

An haɗa gefen shigarwa na tashar zuwa mashin ruwa na hasken rana, kuma an haɗa gefen fitarwa zuwa kebul.Kayan tasha gabaɗaya tsantsar jan ƙarfe ne ko tagulla mai kwano, jan ƙarfe da aka ɗora shi ne tagulla tare da ɗigon ƙarfe na bakin ciki a saman.Tin galibi yana taka rawa wajen kare jan karfe don hana jan ƙarfe daga zama oxidized don samar da koren jan ƙarfe don yin tasiri akan aiki.A lokaci guda kuma, ƙarancin narkewar tin, mai sauƙin waldawa, da ingantaccen ƙarfin wutar lantarki, Hakanan zaka iya amfani da jan karfe mai chromium-plated don yin tashar.

3. Diode

Diodes suna da halayen madugu guda ɗaya.Ana iya rarraba diodes azaman diodes masu gyara, diodes masu sauri, diodes mai sarrafa wutar lantarki da diodes masu fitar da haske.

4. Cable PV

Filayen igiyoyin da aka fi amfani da su suna da madubin jan karfe ko na gwangwani a ciki da kuma nau'ikan kariya guda biyu a waje, wato polyvinyl chloride (PVC) insulation da jaket na PVC, amma PVC baya cika buƙatun tsufa kuma yana ɗauke da halogen, wanda ke fitar da iskar chlorine lokacin zafi kuma ba shi da aminci sosai.Hanyoyin igiyoyi na Photovoltaic suna buƙatar polyolefins masu haɗin gwiwar da ba su da iska ban da masu gudanarwa (fasaha na haɗe-haɗe-haɗe-haɗe-haɗe-haɗe-haɗe-haɗe-haɗe-haɗe-haɗe-haɗin-haɗin-haɗin-haɗin-haɗin kai yana nufin haɗin haɗin haɗin kai na macromolecules da aka samu ta hanyar hasken wuta, don haka polymer mai layi ya zama polymer tare da tsarin cibiyar sadarwa na sararin samaniya mai digiri uku, ta yadda Zafin da ake ba da izinin aiki na dogon lokaci yana ƙaruwa daga 70 ° C zuwa fiye da 90 ° C, kuma ana ƙãra yawan zafin jiki na gajeren lokaci daga 140 ° C zuwa fiye da 250 ° C, yayin da yake kiyaye kyawawan kaddarorin lantarki na asali da kuma inganta yanayin wutar lantarki. ainihin amfani da aikin. ) A cikin kebul na photovoltaic akwai waya ta jan karfe tare da yanki na giciye na 4mm2.Idan an ƙididdige yawan adadin na yanzu na hasken rana (kasa da 10 amps), wayar tagulla mai nauyin 2.5mm2 ta isa, amma la'akari da cewa hasken rana yana aiki a ƙarƙashin yanayin zafi mai zafi, lokacin da ƙarfin na USB ya ragu kuma tsarin na yanzu yana da girma. , ya kamata a yi amfani da yanki mafi girma na giciye na waya tagulla don tabbatar da amincin tsarin.

5. Mai haɗawa

Masu haɗawa suna toshe ko keɓance tsakanin da'irori, suna daidaita magudanar ruwa ta yadda kewayawa ta sami aikin da aka yi niyya.Haɗi guda biyu sun ƙunshi mahaɗin namiji da mai haɗin mace, ta amfani da PPO azaman abin rufewa.Ana amfani da mahaɗin namiji don ingantaccen tasha na ɓangaren kuma ana amfani da mahaɗin mace don mummunan tasha.

6. Manne Potting

Yawancin akwatunan haɗin rana suna amfani da adhesives na tukunyar siliki don kare abubuwan ciki da haɓaka aikin zafi.Manne akwatin junction ɗin ya dogara ne akan siliki mai sassa biyu.Silicone mai kashi biyu yana kunshe da A, B nau'ikan manne guda biyu, nau'in manne ana kiransa manne tushe, nau'in manne B ana kiransa curing agent.Lokacin da nau'in nau'in AB ya haɗu da wani ƙayyadaddun ƙayyadaddun kafin amfani, ana sanya shi a cikin akwatin junction don yin magani bayan haɗuwa.Ya kamata tsarin hadawa ya kasance da hankali sosai don rage haɗuwar iska.Za'a iya warke mannen tukunyar siliki a zafin jiki (25 ℃) ko ta dumama.Hakanan ana iya haɓaka mannen tukunyar zafin jiki ta hanyar dumama.Dole ne a haɗa wakili na warkewa kafin amfani, saboda wasu hazo na iya faruwa yayin bayarwa da ajiya.Mai warkarwa yana kula da amsa da danshi a cikin iska, don haka ya kamata a kula sosai don kauce wa hulɗa da iska kafin amfani.

Aikin Akwatin Haɗin Rana

1. MPPT aiki: saita mafi girman fasahar bin diddigin wutar lantarki da na'urar sarrafawa ga kowane panel ta hanyar software da kayan masarufi, wannan fasaha na iya haɓaka yuwuwar haɓaka haɓakar haɓakar samar da wutar lantarki ta tashar wutar lantarki da ke haifar da halayen nau'ikan nau'ikan panel daban-daban, da kuma rage girman tasirin wutar lantarki. "tasirin ganga" a kan ingancin wutar lantarki, na iya ƙara yawan ƙarfin wutar lantarki na tashar wutar lantarki.Daga sakamakon gwajin, matsakaicin ƙarfin samar da wutar lantarki na tsarin na iya ƙara ƙaruwa da kashi 47.5%, yana ƙaruwa da dawowa kan saka hannun jari da rage yawan lokacin biya.

2. Aikin rufewa na hankali a ƙarƙashin yanayi mara kyau kamar gobara: Idan akwai wuta, ginanniyar software na akwatin haɗin hasken rana zai yi aiki tare da da'irar kayan aiki don tantance tsakanin mil 10 ko rashin daidaituwa ya faru, kuma ya ɗauki matakin yanke haɗin tsakanin kowane panel, ƙarfin lantarki na 1000V zuwa kusan 40V ƙarfin lantarki mai karɓa na ɗan adam don tabbatar da amincin masu kashe gobara.

3. Amfani da MOSFET thyristor hadedde fasahar sarrafawa, maimakon na gargajiya na Schottky diode.Lokacin da shading ya faru, zaku iya fara MOSFET kewayon halin yanzu don kare amincin rukunin, yayin da MOSFET saboda ƙarancin halayen VF ɗin sa na musamman, ta yadda yawan zafin jiki na gaba ɗaya a cikin akwatin junction shine kawai kashi ɗaya cikin goma na akwatin junction na yau da kullun. , Fasahar ta ƙara haɓaka rayuwar sabis na akwatin junction, don mafi kyawun kare rayuwar baturi.