2021-10-07
Kumena amashanyarazi arinda ibintu mubyukuri twakunze kwita igikoresho cyo gukingira, nanone bita inkuba ikingira.Nubwoko bwibikoresho cyangwa umuzenguruko utanga uburinzi bwumutekano kubikoresho bitandukanye byamashanyarazi, ibikoresho, hamwe numuyoboro w'itumanaho.Ikoreshwa mugukuramo umuvuduko mwinshi cyangwa hejuru ya voltage hagati ya gride ya AC kugirango harebwe niba ibikoresho cyangwa umuzenguruko urinda bitazangirika.
Kumeneka kumashanyarazi yamashanyarazi arashobora gukemura ibibazo bya voltage cyangwa spike yibihumbi bya volt, byanze bikunze, ibi biterwa nibipimo nibisobanuro byatoranijwe kurinda umurinzi.Hariho kandi spd surge protekers yeguriwe volt magana, bitewe nikoreshwa ryumukoresha.Kurinda ibintu birashobora kwihanganira umuvuduko mwinshi wa voltage mukanya, ariko igihe cyumubyigano wa spike ntigishobora kuba kirekire, bitabaye ibyo umurinzi azashyuha kandi yaka kubera kwinjiza ingufu nyinshi.
Kubaga ni ubwoko bwigihe gito.Mubihe bimwe na bimwe, voltage ako kanya kuri gride ya power irenze urwego rwumubyigano usanzwe.Mubisanzwe, iyi nzibacyuho ntizamara igihe kinini, ariko irashobora kugira amplitude yo hejuru cyane.Birashobora kuba hejuru cyane muri miriyoni imwe yisegonda.Kurugero, umwanya wumurabyo, guhagarika imizigo yinductive, cyangwa guhuza imizigo minini bizagira ingaruka zikomeye kumashanyarazi.Mubihe byinshi, niba ibikoresho cyangwa umuzunguruko uhujwe numuyoboro wamashanyarazi udafite ingamba zo gukingira byihuta, biroroshye ko igikoresho cyangirika, kandi urugero rwibyangiritse bizaba bifitanye isano nurwego rwumubyigano rwigikoresho.
Mubihe bisanzwe byakazi, voltage kumwanya wikizamini ikomeza kumera neza ya 500V.Ariko, niba switch q ihagaritswe gitunguranye, umuvuduko mwinshi wa voltage uzabera mugihe cyibizamini bitewe ningaruka zingaruka za electromotive imbaraga bitewe nimpinduka zitunguranye zumuvuduko wa inductive.
Igikoresho cyo murwego rwa mbere cyo gukingira gisanzwe gishyirwa kumuryango winzu cyangwa inyubako.Bizarinda ibikoresho byose aho byinjirira kugirango bitotezwa na surges.Mubisanzwe, ubushobozi nubunini bwurwego rwa mbere rwo kurinda surge byombi Byombi ni binini cyane kandi bihenze, ariko ni ngombwa.
Urwego rwa kabiri rurinda kurinda ntabwo runini mubushobozi nkurwego rwa mbere kandi rukurura ingufu nke, ariko birashoboka cyane.Ubusanzwe ishyirwaho aho ibikoresho by amashanyarazi bigera, nka sock, cyangwa bigashyirwa mumutwe wimbere wibibaho byamashanyarazi kugirango bitange ubushobozi bwa kabiri bwo kurinda ibikoresho.
Igishushanyo gikurikira nigishushanyo cyoroshye cyo gushushanya igikoresho cyo kurinda surge:
Kubantu benshi, bike bizwi kubyerekeranye no gukingira icyiciro cya kabiri cyo gukingira, kuko inyinshi murizo zahujwe ku kibaho.Icyitwa ingufu z'amashanyarazi akenshi ni impera yimbere yo kwinjiza ibikoresho byinshi byamashanyarazi, mubisanzwe AC-AC, umuzunguruko wa AC-DC nabwo ni umuzunguruko ucomeka muri sock.Uruhare runini rwumuzunguruko urinda inkuba rwateguwe ku kibaho cy’amashanyarazi ni ugutanga uburinzi ku gihe mugihe habaye umuvuduko mwinshi, nko guca umuzunguruko cyangwa gukuramo amashanyarazi ya voltage, Ibiriho.
Ubundi bwoko bwokwirinda icyiciro cya kabiri cyokwirinda, nka UPS (amashanyarazi adahagarikwa), amashanyarazi amwe n'amwe ya UPS azaba yubatswe mumashanyarazi yo gukingira, afite imikorere imwe nuburinzi bwa surge ku kibaho gisanzwe gitanga amashanyarazi.
Hariho uburinzi bwa surge, buzahagarika amashanyarazi mugihe mugihe amashanyarazi abaye.Ubu bwoko bwa surge protector burimo ubwenge cyane kandi buragoye.kandi birumvikana ko bihenze cyane, kandi mubisanzwe ntibikoreshwa.Ubu bwoko bwa surge protector bugizwe na voltage sensor, umugenzuzi na latch.Umuyoboro wa voltage ukurikirana cyane cyane niba hari ihindagurika ryinshi muri voltage ya gride.Umugenzuzi asoma ibimenyetso byerekana imbaraga za voltage ya sensor ya voltage kandi akagenzura mugihe gikwiye nka on-off yumuzenguruko wa actuator mugihe bisuzumwe nkikimenyetso cyo kubaga.
Hariho ubundi bwoko bwa surge protector circuit, butagabanya umuzunguruko mugihe habaye ubwiyongere, ariko bigabanya imbaraga za surge kandi bigakurura ingufu zo kwiyongera.Ubusanzwe ibi byubatswe mukibaho cyumuzunguruko, nko guhinduranya amashanyarazi azaba afite ubu bwoko bwumuzunguruko.Umuzunguruko muri rusange nkuko bigaragara ku gishushanyo gikurikira:
Surge protector 1, hakurya yumupaka uri hagati yumurongo uzima numurongo utabogamye, ni ukuvuga uburyo butandukanye bwo guhagarika inzira.Kurinda surge 2 na 3 byahujwe ninsinga nzima kwisi hamwe ninsinga zidafite aho zibogamiye kwisi, ibyo bikaba ari uburyo bwo guhagarika uburyo.Uburyo butandukanye bwo gukoresha ibikoresho byifashishwa mu gufatisha no gukurura voltage yo hejuru hagati y'insinga nzima n'insinga zidafite aho zibogamiye.Muri ubwo buryo bumwe, uburyo busanzwe bwo kubaga bukoreshwa mugukata voltage yumuriro winsinga ya fasi kwisi.Mubisanzwe, birahagije gushiraho umurinzi wo kubaga 1 kubisabwa bidakenewe cyane, ariko kubihe bimwe na bimwe bisaba, uburyo rusange bwo kwirinda bwihuta bugomba kongerwaho.
Hariho ibintu byinshi bishobora kubyara ingufu z'umuvuduko ukabije, muri rusange bitewe no gukubitwa n'inkuba, kwishyuza capacitor no gusohora, imiyoboro ya resonant, imiyoboro ihindura inductive, imiyoboro ya moteri, n'ibindi.Kubwibyo, birakenewe rwose gushushanya umurinzi wo kubaga mukuzunguruka.
Gusa hamwe nuburyo bukwirakwiza bwo gukwirakwiza, voltage ya surge ifite amahirwe yo gusenya ibikoresho byamashanyarazi.
Umurongo w'amashanyarazi-Umurongo w'amashanyarazi nuburyo bwingenzi kandi butaziguye bwo gukwirakwiza amashanyarazi, kubera ko ibikoresho byose byamashanyarazi hafi ya byose bikoreshwa numurongo wamashanyarazi, kandi umuyoboro wo gukwirakwiza amashanyarazi urahari hose.
Iradiyo-mubyukuri, ubwinjiriro nyamukuru ni antenne, byoroshye kwakira amashanyarazi adafite insinga cyangwa inkuba, ishobora gusenya ibikoresho byamashanyarazi mukanya.Iyo inkuba ikubise antene, yinjira muri radiyo yakira.
Ubundi-Mu rwego rwa elegitoroniki yimodoka, amashanyarazi ya voltage nayo azasobanurwa hibandwa.Akenshi iyo uwasimbuye afite ihindagurika rigoye, ingufu nini ya surge nini izabyara.
Inductive circuit-iyo voltage kumpande zombi za inductor ihinduka gitunguranye, imbaraga za surge zikunze kubaho.
Ntabwo bigoye gushushanya uruziga rukingira.Mubyukuri, gushushanya ibyubatswe byubatswe byubatswe, inzira yoroshye isaba gusa ikintu kimwe, ni ukuvuga varistor ya MOV cyangwa TVS ya diode yinzibacyuho.Nkuko bigaragara ku gishushanyo gikurikira, abashinzwe kurinda surge 1-3 barashobora kuba varistors MOV cyangwa TVS.
Rimwe na rimwe, birakenewe gusa guhuza varistor ya MOV ibangikanye hagati yumurongo utabogamye wumurongo wa AC wujuje ubuziranenge bwa IEC.Mubisabwa byinshi, birakenewe kongeramo uruziga rwo gukingira hagati ya zeru nzima nubutaka icyarimwe kugirango byuzuze ibisabwa bisanzwe byo hejuru, urugero, ibisabwa birenze 4KV.
1. MOV isobanura Metal oxide varistor, résistor ya metal oxyde, agaciro kayo ko guhangana kazahinduka ukurikije voltage hejuru ya résistor.Ubusanzwe ikoreshwa hagati ya AC power gride kugirango ikemure voltage ya surge.
2. MOV ni igikoresho kidasanzwe gishingiye kuri voltage.
3. Iyo MOV ikora, ibiranga birasa gato na diode, idafite umurongo kandi ntibikwiranye n amategeko ya Ohm, ariko voltage yayo nibiranga ibyerekezo byombi, mugihe diode idafite icyerekezo.
4. Birasa cyane na diode ya TVS.
5. Iyo voltage hejuru ya varistor itageze kuri clamp voltage, iba iri mumuzunguruko.
Varistor nikintu gikomeye muburinzi bwa surge.Mugihe cyo gushushanya, menya neza ko ari hafi ishoboka kuri fuse kumpera yinjiza, nkuko bigaragara mumashusho hepfo.Muri ubu buryo, birashobora kwemezwa ko fuse ishobora guturika mugihe mugihe habaye umuvuduko mwinshi, kandi uruziga rukurikiraho ruri kumugaragaro kugirango wirinde kwangirika kwinshi cyangwa n’umuriro uterwa numuyaga mwinshi.
Dongguan Slocable Photovoltaic Technology Co, LTD.
Ongeraho Park Guangda Gukora Hongmei Ubumenyi n’ikoranabuhanga, No 9-2, Igice cya Hongmei, Umuhanda wa Wangsha, Umujyi wa Hongmei, Dongguan, Guangdong, Ubushinwa
TEL ： 0769-22010201
