Nheyo uye Dhizaini yeSurge Protector Circuit Breaker

Iyo yekuvhiya inodzivirira wedunhu breaker ndiyo yatinowanzo kudaidza surge protector mudziyo, inonziwo mheni surge protector.Imhando yemidziyo kana dunhu rinopa kuchengetedzwa kwekuchengetedza kwakasiyana midziyo yemagetsi, zviridzwa, uye maseketi ekutaurirana.Inoshandiswa kubata kuvhiya kana peak voltage pakati peiyo AC grid kuti ive nechokwadi chekuti midziyo kana dunhu rainodzivirira harizokanganiswe.
Iyo yekuvhiya inodzivirira wedunhu breaker inogona kubata voltage surges kana spikes ezviuru zve volts, hongu, izvi zvinoenderana nemaparamita uye zvakatemwa zveakasarudzwa surge protector.Kune zvakare spd surge vadziviriri vakatsaurirwa kune akati wandei volts, zvichienderana nekushandiswa kwemushandisi mamiriro.Iyo inodzivirira inodzivirira inogona kumira yakakwira voltage spikes nekukasira, asi nguva ye spike voltage haigone kureba, zvikasadaro mudziviriri anopisa nekupisa nekuda kwekunyanya kunyudzwa kwesimba.

Chii chinonzi Surge?

Surge imhando yekupindira kwenguva pfupi.Mune mamwe mamiriro ezvinhu, iyo yekukurumidza voltage pane gidhi remagetsi inodarika huwandu hweyakayerwa yakajairika voltage.Kazhinji, ichi chipfupi hachizogara kwenguva yakareba, asi chinogona kunge chine amplitude yakakwira.Inogona kunge yakakwira kamwe kamwe mumirioni imwe chete yesekondi.Semuenzaniso, nguva yemheni, kubvisa mitoro inopinza, kana kubatanidza mitoro mikuru ichave nemhedzisiro yakakura pane gidhi remagetsi.Muzviitiko zvakawanda, kana iyo midziyo kana dunhu rakabatana kune gidhi remagetsi risina matanho ekudzivirira ekuwedzera, zviri nyore kuti mudziyo ukuvadzwe, uye dhigirii rekukuvadza richave rine chekuita nestandard voltage level yemudziyo.

Pasi pemamiriro ekushanda akajairwa, iyo voltage panzvimbo yekuyedzwa inochengetedzwa payakagadzikana mamiriro e500V.Nekudaro, kana switch q ikangoerekana yadimburwa, kukwira kwemagetsi kwakakwira kuchaitika panzvimbo yekuyedzwa nekuda kwereverse electromotive simba mhedzisiro nekuda kwekuchinja kwakangoerekana kwaitwa inductive current.

Maviri Anowanzo Kushandiswa Surge Dziviriro Circuits

1. Mudziviriri wepamusoro-yekutanga

Iyo yekutanga-level yekudzivirira yekudzivirira mudziyo inowanzoiswa pamusuwo weimba kana chivakwa.Ichadzivirira zvese zvishandiso kubva pamusuwo wekubatanidza nzvimbo kubva pakutambudzwa nemasurges.Kazhinji, huwandu uye huwandu hweyekutanga-chikamu chekudzivirira chekudzivirira zviri zviviri Iyo yakakura uye inodhura, asi yakakosha.

2. Chechipiri-chikamu chekudzivirira chekudzivirira

Yechipiri nhanho yekudzivirira inodzivirira haina kukura muhukuru seyekutanga nhanho uye inotora shoma simba, asi inotakurika kwazvo.Iyo inowanzoiswa panzvimbo yekuwana yemagetsi emidziyo, senge socket, kana kunyange yakabatanidzwa pamberi pekupedzisira kwesimba bhodhi remagetsi emagetsi kupa chechipiri chekudzivirira kugona kwemidziyo.

Iyi inotevera nhamba iri nyore schematic dhizaini yekuisirwa kwechidziviriro chekudzivirira mudziyo:

Yakajairwa Sekondari Kuvhiya Dziviriro Circuit

Kune vanhu vazhinji, zvishoma zvinozivikanwa nezve chechipiri chekudzivirira chekudzivirira, nekuti mazhinji acho akabatanidzwa pabhodhi remagetsi.Iyo inonzi bhodhi yemagetsi inowanzova kumucheto kwepamberi kwekupinza kwemidziyo yakawanda yemagetsi, kazhinji AC-AC, AC-DC dunhu zvakare idunhu rinobatanidzwa zvakananga musokisi.Basa rakakosha redunhu rekudzivirira mheni rakagadzirirwa pabhodhi remagetsi nderekupa dziviriro panguva yekuvhiya, sekucheka dunhu kana kutora simba rekuvhiya, Ikozvino.
Imwe mhando yesekondari yekudzivirira yekudzivirira yedunhu, senge UPS (isina kukanganiswa magetsi), mamwe akaomarara eUPS magetsi anozove akavakirwa-mukati ekudzivirira ekudzivirira wedunhu, ane basa rakafanana nerekudzivirira rekuvhiya pane rakajairwa magetsi bhodhi.

Iyo Surge Dziviriro Chishandiso Inoshanda Sei?

Iko kune inodzivirira yekudzivirira, iyo inocheka magetsi emagetsi munguva kana simba rekuvhiya rikaitika.Iyi mhando yekuvhiya inodzivirira yakangwara uye yakaoma kunzwisisa.uye zvechokwadi inodhura, uye haiwanzo shandiswa.Iri rudzi rwekudzivirira kudzivirira rinowanzo kuumbwa nemagetsi sensor, controller uye latch.Iyo voltage sensor inonyanya kutarisisa kana paine kuwedzera kwekuchinja mumagetsi grid voltage.Iyo controller inoverenga iyo yekuwedzera voltage siginecha yevoltage sensor uye nenguva inodzora latch seyeku-kure kweiyo actuator control circuit kana ichitongwa sechiratidzo chekuvhiya.
Kune imwe mhando yekuvhiya inodzivirira wedunhu, iyo isingadimbure dunhu kana kuvhiya kukaitika, asi inosunga magetsi ekuwedzera uye inotora simba rekuvhiya.Izvi zvinowanzovakirwa mukati mebhodhi redunhu, sekuchinja magetsi emagetsi maseketi achave nerudzi urwu rwekuvhiya kudzivirira wedunhu.Dunhu rinowanzo kuratidzwa mumufananidzo uri pazasi:

Surge mudziviriri 1, kuyambuka muganho pakati peiyo mhenyu mutsara uye isina kwayakarerekera mutsara, kureva, iyo yekusiyanisa modhi yekudzvinyirira wedunhu.Iwo anodzivirira ekuvhiya 2 ne3 akabatana newaya mhenyu kupasi uye waya isina kwayakarerekera kupasi, inova yakajairika mode kudzvinyirira.Iyo yekusiyanisa modhi yekuvhiya mudziyo unoshandiswa kusungirira uye kutora mhepo yekuvhiya pakati pewaya mhenyu uye waya isina kwayakarerekera.Nenzira imwecheteyo, iyo yakajairwa modhi yekuvhiya mudziyo inoshandiswa kudzvanya surge voltage yechikamu waya kupasi.Kazhinji, zvakakwana kuisa inodzivirira 1 kune isingade kuvhiya zviyero, asi kune dzimwe nguva dzinoda, yakajairika nzira yekudzivirira yekudzivirira inofanirwa kuwedzerwa.

Kwakabva Voltage Surge

Pane zvinhu zvakawanda zvinogona kuburitsa surge voltage, kazhinji nekuda kwekurova kwemheni, capacitor kuchaja uye kuburitsa, resonant circuits, inductive switching circuits, motor drive interference, etc. The surge voltage on the power grid inogona kunzi iri kwese kwese.Naizvozvo, zvinonyanya kukosha kugadzira dhizaini yekudzivirira mudunhu.

Iyo Medium Inoparadzira Kuvhiya

Chete neyakakodzerwa yekuparadzira svikiro, iyo surge voltage ine mukana wekuparadza midziyo yemagetsi.

Power line-Simba tambo ndiyo inonyanya kukosha uye yakananga svikiro yekuparadzira masurges, nekuti anenge ese emagetsi emagetsi anofambiswa netambo yemagetsi, uye tambo yemagetsi yekugovera network inowanikwa kwese.

Mafungu eredhiyo-chokwadi, musuwo mukuru ndeye antenna, iri nyore kugashira mamhepo asina waya kana kurohwa kwemheni, iyo inogona kuputsa midziyo yemagetsi nekukasira.Kana mheni ikarova antenna, inopinda muredhiyo frequency receiver.

Alternator-Mumunda wemagetsi emotokari, kukwirisa kwemagetsi kuchatsanangurwa zvakare nekusimbisa.Kazhinji kana alternator iine kushanduka kwakaoma, hombe yemagetsi inogadzirwa.

Inductive circuit-apo iyo voltage kumagumo ese einductor inoshanduka kamwe kamwe, surge voltage inowanzogadzirwa.

Magadzirirwo eSurge Protection Circuit

Hazvina kuoma kugadzira dhizaini yekudzivirira yekudzivirira.Muchokwadi, kugadzira yakavakirwa-mukati surge kudzivirira wedunhu, iyo iri nyore nzira inongoda chikamu chimwe chete, kureva, MOV varistor kana yenguva pfupi diode TVS.Sezvinoratidzwa mumufananidzo uri pazasi, iwo ekuvhiya anodzivirira 1-3 anogona kuve varistors MOV kana TVS.

Dzimwe nguva, zvinongodiwa chete kubatanidza MOV varistor mukuwirirana pakati peiyo isina kwayakarerekera mutsara weiyo AC tambo yemagetsi kusangana neIEC standard.Mune akawanda maapplication, zvinodikanwa kuwedzera surge protection circuit pakati pe zero live wire uye pasi panguva imwe chete kuti isangane nepamusoro surge standard zvinodiwa, semuenzaniso, chinodiwa chakakwira kupfuura 4KV.

Surge Dziviriro yeVaristor MOV

Basic maitiro eMOV

1. MOV inomirira Metal oxide varistor, metal oxide resistor, kupikisa kwayo kukosha kuchachinja maererano nemagetsi mhiri kwekudzivirira.Inowanzo shandiswa pakati pemagetsi emagetsi e AC kubata nemagetsi ekuvhiya.
2. MOV chinhu chakakosha chigadziri chinobva pamagetsi.
3. Kana MOV ichishanda, maitiro ayo akafanana nedhiodhi, asina-mutsara uye haana kukodzera mutemo weOhm, asi magetsi ayo uye maitiro emazuva ano ari bidirectional, nepo diode iine unidirectional.
4. Zvakanyanya kufanana nebidirectional TVS diode.
5. Kana iyo voltage iri mhiri varistor isingasviki kumagetsi emagetsi, iri munzvimbo yakazaruka yedunhu.

Nzvimbo Sarudzo yeVaristor muSurge Dziviriro Circuit

Iyo varistor chinhu chakakosha mukudzivirira kudzivirira.Paunenge uchigadzira, ita shuwa kuti iri padyo sezvinobvira kune fuse pamagumo ekuisa, sezvakaratidzwa mumufananidzo uri pazasi.Nenzira iyi, inogona kuve nechokwadi chekuti fuse inogona kupeperetswa munguva kana kuvhiyiwa kunoitika, uye dunhu rinotevera riri munzvimbo yakazaruka kudzivirira kukuvadzwa kukuru kana kunyange moto unokonzerwa nekuvhiya ikozvino.