Iyini i-Distributed Photovoltaic Power Generation?

Ukukhiqizwa kwamandla e-photovoltaic okusatshalaliswa kuwuhlobo olusha lokukhiqiza amandla kanye nemodi yokusebenzisa amandla aphelele namathemba okuthuthukiswa okubanzi.Ihlukile ekuphehlisweni kwamandla aphakathi nendawo (ukukhiqiza amandla ashisayo, njll.), ikhuthaza umgomo wokuphehla ugesi oseduze, ukuxhunywa kwegridi, ukuguqulwa nokusetshenziswa;Ayikwazi ukunikeza kuphela ngempumelelo ukukhiqizwa kwamandla kwesistimu yesikali esifanayo, kodwa futhi ixazulule ngokuphumelelayo inkinga yokulahlekelwa kwamandla ekuthuthukisweni noma ekuthuthweni okude.

Yiziphi izinzuzo zokuphehla amandla e-photovoltaic?

Ukonga umnotho nokonga ugesi: ngokujwayelekile ukuzisebenzisela wena, ugesi owasalayo ungadayiselwa inkampani ephakela ugesi ngokusebenzisa igridi kazwelonke, futhi uma ungenele, ugesi uzohlinzekwa ngegridi, ongawonga ugesi futhi uthole uxhaso;
Ukushisa nokupholisa ukushisa: Ehlobo, kungafakwa i-insulated futhi kupholiswe ngamadigri angu-3-6, futhi ebusika kunganciphisa ukudluliswa kokushisa;
Ukuvikelwa okuluhlaza kanye nendawo ezungezile: Enqubweni yokuphehla amandla, amaphrojekthi kagesi we-photovoltaic asabalalisiwe awanawo umsindo, awangcolisi ukukhanya, futhi awekho imisebe.Kuyisizukulwane sangempela samandla amile esikhipha i-zero kanye nokungcola okuyiziro;
ubuhle: Inhlanganisela ephelele yezakhiwo noma ubuhle kanye nobuchwepheshe be-photovoltaic yenza lonke uphahla lubukeke luhle futhi lusemkhathini, lunomuzwa oqinile wobuchwepheshe, futhi luthuthukise inani lezindlu ezithengiswayo ngokwazo.

Uma uphahla lungabheke eningizimu, akunakwenzeka yini ukufaka izinhlelo zokukhiqiza amandla e-photovoltaic?

Amasistimu okukhiqiza amandla e-Photovoltaic angafakwa, kodwa ukukhiqizwa kwamandla kuncane kancane, futhi ukukhiqizwa kwamandla kuyahlukahluka ngokuya ngesiqondiso sophahla.Kungu-100% eningizimu, 70-95% empumalanga-ntshonalanga, futhi 50-70% enyakatho.

Ingabe ngidinga ukuzenzela nsuku zonke?

Asikho isidingo nhlobo, ngoba ukuqapha uhlelo kuzenzakalela ngokugcwele, kuzoqala futhi kuvalwe ngokwako, ngaphandle kokulawula ngesandla.

Ingabe amandla okukhanya akhiqiza amandla esistimu yami ye-photovoltaic?

Ukuqina kokukhanya akulingani nogesi okhiqizwa uhlelo lwendawo lwe-photovoltaic.Umehluko wukuthi ukukhiqizwa kwamandla wesistimu ye-photovoltaic kusekelwe ekukhanyeni kokukhanya kwendawo futhi kwanda ngesici sokusebenza kahle (isilinganiso sokusebenza) ukuze uthole ukukhiqizwa kwamandla kwangempela kwesistimu ye-photovoltaic yendawo.Lolu hlelo olusebenza kahle luvamise ukuba ngaphansi kwama-80%, lusondele ku-80% uhlelo luwuhlelo oluhle uma kuqhathaniswa.EJalimane, uhlelo olungcono kakhulu lungase luzuze ukusebenza kahle kwesistimu okungama-82%.

Ingabe kuthinta amandla okukhiqiza amandla ngezinsuku zemvula noma eziguqubele?

nethonya.Inani lokukhiqiza amandla lizoncishiswa, ngoba isikhathi sokukhanya sincishisiwe futhi amandla okukhanya ayancipha.Kodwa isilinganiso sethu sonyaka sokuphehlwa kwamandla (isibonelo, 1100 kWh/kw/kw/ngonyaka) singafezeka.

Ngezinsuku zemvula, uhlelo lwe-photovoltaic lunomkhawulo wokukhiqiza amandla.Ngabe ugesi wasekhaya uzongenelela?

Cha, ngoba uhlelo lwe-photovoltaic luyisistimu yokukhiqiza amandla exhunywe kugridi kazwelonke.Uma ukuphehlwa kukagesi we-photovoltaic kungakwazi ukuhlangabezana nesidingo sikagesi somnikazi nganoma isiphi isikhathi, isistimu izosusa ngokuzenzakalelayo ugesi kugridi kazwelonke ukuze isetshenziswe.

Uma kunothuli noma udoti ebusweni bohlelo, ingabe kuzoba nomthelela ekuphehleni kukagesi?

Umthelela mncane, ngoba isistimu ye-photovoltaic ihlobene ne-irradiance yelanga, futhi izithunzi ezingabonakali ngeke zibe nomthelela omkhulu ekukhiqizeni amandla esistimu.Ngaphezu kwalokho, ingilazi yemodyuli yelanga inomsebenzi wokuzihlanza ebusweni, okungukuthi, ezinsukwini zemvula, amanzi emvula angageza ukungcola ebusweni bemodyuli.Ngakho-ke, izindleko zokusebenza nokugcinwa kwesistimu ye-photovoltaic zilinganiselwe kakhulu.

Ingabe isistimu ye-photovoltaic inokungcoliswa kokukhanya?

Cha. Ngokuyinhloko, isistimu ye-photovoltaic isebenzisa ingilazi efudumele eboshwe nge-anti-reflection coating ukuze ikhulise ukumunca ukukhanya futhi inciphise ukubonakaliswa ukuze kwandiswe ukusebenza kahle kokukhiqizwa kwamandla.Akukho ukuvezwa kokukhanya noma ukungcoliswa kokukhanya.Ukubonakala kwengilazi yodonga lwamakhethini yendabuko noma ingilazi yezimoto kungu-15% noma ngaphezulu, kuyilapho ukubukeka kwengilazi ye-photovoltaic evela kubakhiqizi bemojula yomugqa wokuqala kungaphansi kuka-6%.Ngakho-ke, iphansi kunokukhanya okukhanyayo kwengilazi kwezinye izimboni, ngakho-ke akukho ukungcoliswa kokukhanya.

Indlela yokuqinisekisa ukusebenza kahle nokuthembekile kwezinhlelo ze-photovoltaic iminyaka engu-25?

Okokuqala, lawula ngokuqinile ikhwalithi ekukhethweni komkhiqizo, futhi kufanele ukhethe abakhiqizi bezingxenye zomugqa wokuqala, ukuze uqinisekise kusukela emthonjeni ukuthi ngeke kube nezinkinga ngokuphehlwa kwamandla kwengxenye iminyaka engu-25:

①Ukukhiqizwa kwamandla kwemojuli kuqinisekiswa iminyaka engu-25 ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukusebenza kahle kwemojuli.

②Iba nelabhorethri kazwelonke (sebenzisana nesistimu yokulawula ikhwalithi eqinile yomugqa wokukhiqiza).

③Isikali esikhulu (ukuba mkhulu umthamo wokukhiqiza, isabelo semakethe sikhulu, kanye nomnotho osobala kakhulu wesikali).

④ Ukuthakasela okuqinile (uma umphumela womkhiqizo unamandla, kuba ngcono isevisi yangemva kokuthengisa).

⑤Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi bagxila kuphela kuma-photovoltaics elanga (izinkampani ze-photovoltaic ezingu-100% nezinkampani eziyizinkampani ezingaphansi ezenza ama-photovoltaics zinezimo zengqondo ezihlukene ngokuqhubeka komkhakha).Ngokuphathelene nokucushwa kwesistimu, kufanele ukhethe i-inverter ehambisana kakhulu, ibhokisi lokuhlanganisa, imojula yokuvikela umbani, ibhokisi lokusabalalisa, izintambo, njll ukufanisa izingxenye.

Okwesibili, mayelana nokuklama kwesakhiwo sesistimu nokulungisa ophahleni, khetha indlela yokulungisa efaneleka kakhulu futhi uzame ukungonakali ungqimba olungangeni manzi (okungukuthi, indlela yokulungisa ngaphandle kwamabholithi okwandisa phezu kongqimba olungangeni manzi).Ngisho noma izolungiswa, kunengozi ecashile yokuvuza kwamanzi esikhathini esizayo.Mayelana nesakhiwo, kufanele siqinisekise ukuthi uhlelo luqine ngokwanele ukuze lukwazi ukubhekana nesimo sezulu esibi njengesichotho, ukuduma kwezulu nombani, isishingishane, nesithwathwa esikhulu, ngaphandle kwalokho kuyoba yingozi ecashile ophahleni nokuphepha kwempahla iminyaka engu-20.

Iphephe kangakanani i-photovoltaic power generation yasekhaya?Ungabhekana kanjani nezinkinga ezinjengombani, isichotho, nokuvuza kukagesi?

Okokuqala, amabhokisi okuhlanganisa i-DC, ama-inverter neminye imigqa yemishini inokuvikela umbani nemisebenzi yokuvikela ukulayisha ngokweqile.Uma ama-voltage angavamile afana nokushaya kombani, ukuvuza, njll. kwenzeka, izovaleka ngokuzenzakalelayo futhi inqamule, ukuze kungabikho inkinga yokuphepha.Ngaphezu kwalokho, zonke izinhlaka zensimbi nabakaki ophahleni zonke zisekelwe phansi ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuphepha kokuduma kwezulu.Okwesibili, ingaphezulu lamamojula ethu e-photovoltaic wonke enziwe ngengilazi eqinile engathinteki kakhulu, futhi ahlolwe kanzima (ukushisa okuphezulu nomswakama) lapho egunyazwe yi-European Union, isimo sezulu esijwayelekile sinzima ukulimaza i-photovoltaic. amaphaneli.

Yiziphi izinto zokusebenza ezihlanganisa ukukhiqizwa kwamandla we-photovoltaic asatshalaliswa?

Imishini eyinhloko: ama-solar panel, ama-inverters, amabhokisi okusabalalisa e-AC kanye ne-DC, amabhokisi amamitha e-photovoltaic, amabakaki;

Izinsiza ezisizayo: izintambo ze-photovoltaic, izintambo ze-AC, izinsimbi zamapayipi, amabhande okuvikela umbani kanye nesisekelo sokuvikela umbani, njll. Iziteshi zamandla amakhulu nazo zidinga ezinye izinto ezisizayo njengama-transformer namakhabethe okusabalalisa amandla.