2023-12-20
Akwatin haɗin hasken rana shine mai haɗawa tsakanin hasken rana da na'urar sarrafa caji, kuma wani muhimmin sashi ne na hasken rana.Cikakken tsari ne na ladabtarwa wanda ya haɗu da ƙirar lantarki, ƙirar injina da kimiyyar kayan aiki don samarwa masu amfani da tsarin haɗin haɗin gwiwa don bangarorin hasken rana.
Babban aikin akwatin haɗin hasken rana shine fitar da makamashin lantarki da hasken rana ke samarwa ta hanyar kebul.Saboda ƙayyadaddun ƙayyadaddun ƙima da tsadar ƙwayoyin hasken rana, dole ne a ƙera akwatunan junction na hasken rana musamman don biyan buƙatun na'urorin hasken rana.Za mu iya zaɓar daga sassa biyar na aikin, halaye, nau'in, abun da ke ciki da sigogin aiki na akwatin haɗin gwiwa.
Babban aikin akwatin haɗin hasken rana shine haɗa hasken rana da kaya, da kuma zana halin yanzu ta hanyar hoton hoto don samar da wutar lantarki.Wani aiki shine don kare wayoyi masu fita daga tasirin tabo mai zafi.
Akwatin junction na hasken rana yana aiki azaman gada tsakanin sashin hasken rana da inverter.A cikin akwatin junction, halin yanzu da hasken rana ke samarwa ana zana ta tashoshi da masu haɗawa da cikin kayan lantarki.
Don rage asarar wutar lantarki na akwatin junction zuwa ga hasken rana kamar yadda zai yiwu, juriya na kayan aiki da aka yi amfani da su a cikin akwatin junction na hasken rana ya kamata ya zama ƙananan, kuma juriya na lamba tare da busbar gubar waya ya kamata ya zama karami. .
Ayyukan kariya na akwatin junction na hasken rana ya ƙunshi sassa uku:
1. Ana amfani da diode na kewayawa don hana tasirin zafi mai zafi da kare baturi da hasken rana;
2. Ana amfani da kayan aiki na musamman don rufe zane, wanda ba shi da ruwa da wuta;
3. Zane-zane na musamman na zafi yana rage akwatin junction da zafin jiki na aiki na diode mai wucewa yana rage asarar wutar lantarki ta hasken rana saboda raguwa na yanzu.
(1) Juriya na Yanayi
Lokacin da aka yi amfani da akwatin junction na photovoltaic a waje, zai yi tsayayya da gwajin yanayi, irin su lalacewa ta hanyar haske, zafi, iska da ruwan sama.Abubuwan da aka fallasa na akwatin junction na PV sune jikin akwatin, murfin akwatin da mahaɗin MC4, waɗanda duk an yi su da kayan da ba su da ƙarfi.A halin yanzu, kayan da aka fi amfani da su shine PPO, wanda shine ɗayan robobin injiniya na gabaɗaya guda biyar a duniya.Yana da abũbuwan amfãni daga high rigidity, high zafi juriya, wuta juriya, high ƙarfi, da kyau kwarai lantarki Properties.
(2) Babban Zazzabi da Juriya
Yanayin aiki na masu amfani da hasken rana yana da tsauri sosai.Wasu suna aiki a wurare masu zafi, kuma matsakaicin zafin rana yana da yawa;wasu suna aiki a wurare masu tsayi da tsayi, kuma yanayin zafin aiki yana da ƙasa sosai;a wasu wurare, bambancin zafin rana da dare yana da yawa, kamar wuraren hamada.Sabili da haka, ana buƙatar akwatunan haɗin kai na photovoltaic don samun kyakkyawan yanayin zafi da ƙarancin zafin jiki.
(3) UV Resistant
Hasken ultraviolet yana da wasu lahani ga samfuran filastik, musamman a wuraren da ke da iska mai iska da iska mai ƙarfi.
(4) Dagewar wuta
Yana nufin kadarorin da wani abu ya mallaka ko ta hanyar kula da wani abu wanda ke jinkirta yaduwar harshen wuta.
(5) Mai hana ruwa da kura
Akwatin junction na hoto gaba ɗaya shine mai hana ruwa da ƙura IP65, IP67, kuma akwatin junction na Slocable photovoltaic na iya kaiwa matakin mafi girma na IP68.
(6) Aikin Rage Zafi
Diodes da zafin jiki na yanayi suna ƙara yawan zafin jiki a cikin akwatin mahadar PV.Lokacin da diode ke gudanarwa, yana haifar da zafi.A lokaci guda kuma, ana haifar da zafi saboda juriya na lamba tsakanin diode da tasha.Bugu da ƙari, haɓakar yanayin zafi zai kuma ƙara yawan zafin jiki a cikin akwatin haɗin gwiwa.
Abubuwan da ke cikin akwatin junction na PV waɗanda ke da saukin kamuwa da matsanancin zafin jiki sune zoben rufewa da diodes.Babban zafin jiki zai haɓaka saurin tsufa na zoben rufewa kuma yana shafar aikin rufewa na akwatin junction;akwai juzu'i a cikin diode, kuma juzu'i na baya zai ninka don kowane karuwar 10 ° C na zafin jiki.Juya halin yanzu yana rage na yanzu wanda allon kewayawa ya zana, yana shafar ikon allon.Sabili da haka, akwatunan junction na photovoltaic dole ne su sami kyawawan kaddarorin kashe zafi.
Zane mai zafi na yau da kullun shine shigar da matattarar zafi.Duk da haka, shigar da matattarar zafi ba ya magance matsalar zubar da zafi gaba daya.Idan an shigar da kwandon zafi a cikin akwatin junction na photovoltaic, zafin jiki na diode zai ragu na dan lokaci, amma yawan zafin jiki na akwatin junction zai ci gaba da karuwa, wanda zai shafi rayuwar sabis na hatimin roba;Idan an shigar da shi a waje da akwatin junction, a gefe guda, zai shafi gaba ɗaya hatimin akwatin junction, a gefe guda, yana da sauƙi don lalata heatsink.
Akwai manyan nau'ikan akwatunan mahaɗa guda biyu: talakawa da tukwane.
Akwatunan junction na yau da kullun ana rufe su da siliki, yayin da akwatunan junction na roba suna cike da siliki mai kashi biyu.An yi amfani da akwatin junction na yau da kullun kuma yana da sauƙin aiki, amma zoben rufewa yana da sauƙin tsufa idan aka yi amfani da shi na dogon lokaci.Akwatin junction nau'in potting yana da rikitarwa don aiki (yana buƙatar cika shi da gel ɗin silica mai kashi biyu da warkewa), amma tasirin rufewa yana da kyau, kuma yana da tsayayya da tsufa, wanda zai iya tabbatar da ingantaccen hatimi na dogon lokaci. akwatin junction, kuma farashin ya ɗan rahusa.
Akwatin haɗin haɗin hasken rana yana kunshe da jikin akwatin, murfin akwatin, masu haɗawa, tashoshi, diodes, da sauransu. Wasu masana'antun akwatin junction sun tsara ma'aunin zafi don haɓaka yawan zafin jiki a cikin akwatin, amma tsarin gaba ɗaya bai canza ba.
(1) Akwatin Jikin
Jikin akwatin shine babban ɓangaren akwatin haɗin gwiwa, tare da ginanniyar tashoshi da diodes, masu haɗin waje, da murfin akwatin.Sashin firam ɗin akwatin haɗin rana ne kuma yana ɗaukar mafi yawan buƙatun juriyar yanayi.Jikin akwatin yawanci ana yin shi ne da PPO, wanda ke da fa'idodin babban ƙarfi, juriya mai zafi, juriya na wuta, da ƙarfi mai ƙarfi.
(2) Rufin Akwati
Murfin akwatin zai iya rufe jikin akwatin, yana hana ruwa, ƙura da gurɓatawa.Ƙunƙarar yana nunawa a cikin zoben rufewa na roba, wanda ke hana iska da danshi shiga cikin akwatin mahadar.Wasu masana'antun sun kafa ƙaramin rami a tsakiyar murfi, kuma suna shigar da membrane na dialysis a cikin iska.Membran yana da numfashi kuma ba zai iya jurewa ba, kuma babu wani ruwa mai tsafta na tsawon mita uku a karkashin ruwa, wanda ke taka muhimmiyar rawa wajen zubar da zafi da rufewa.
Akwatin jikin akwatin da murfin akwatin gabaɗaya ana yin allura daga kayan da ke da kyakkyawan juriya, waɗanda ke da halayen haɓaka mai kyau, juriyar girgiza zafin jiki, da juriya na tsufa.
(3) Mai Haɗawa
Connectors suna haɗa tashoshi da na'urorin lantarki na waje irin su inverters, masu sarrafawa, da dai sauransu. Mai haɗa haɗin PC an yi shi, amma PC yana da sauƙin lalata da abubuwa da yawa.Tufafin akwatunan junction na hasken rana yana nunawa a cikin: masu haɗawa suna da sauƙin lalata, kuma ƙwayoyin filastik suna da sauƙin fashe a ƙarƙashin ƙarancin zafin jiki.Saboda haka, rayuwar akwatin junction shine rayuwar mai haɗawa.
(4) Tasha
Daban-daban masana'antun na tasha tubalan tazarar da tazara shi ma daban-daban.Akwai nau'i biyu na lamba tsakanin tashar tashar jiragen ruwa da waya mai fita: ɗaya lamba ta jiki, kamar nau'in matsewa, ɗayan kuma nau'in walda ne.
(5) Diodes
Ana amfani da diodes a cikin akwatunan junction na PV azaman diodes na kewayawa don hana tasirin tabo mai zafi da kuma kare bangarorin hasken rana.
Lokacin da hasken rana ke aiki akai-akai, diode na kewayawa yana cikin yanayin kashewa, kuma akwai juzu'in juzu'i, wato, duhu mai duhu, wanda gabaɗaya bai wuce 0.2 microampere ba.Dark halin yanzu yana rage halin yanzu da na'urar hasken rana ke samarwa, kodayake da ƙaramin adadin.
Da kyau, kowace tantanin rana ya kamata ya kasance yana da haɗin keɓaɓɓiyar diode.Koyaya, ba shi da ƙima sosai saboda dalilai kamar farashi da tsadar diodes kewaye, asarar duhu na yanzu da raguwar ƙarfin lantarki a ƙarƙashin yanayin aiki.Bugu da ƙari, wurin da ke cikin hasken rana yana da hankali sosai, kuma ya kamata a samar da isasshen yanayin zafi bayan an haɗa diode.
Don haka, yana da ma'ana gabaɗaya a yi amfani da diodes na kewayawa don kare sel masu haɗin gwiwa da yawa.Wannan na iya rage farashin samar da hasken rana, amma kuma yana iya yin illa ga ayyukansu.Idan fitowar tantanin hasken rana guda ɗaya a cikin jerin sel na hasken rana ya ragu, jerin sel na hasken rana, gami da waɗanda ke aiki yadda yakamata, an ware su daga dukkan tsarin hasken rana ta hanyar diode bypass.Ta wannan hanyar, saboda gazawar da aka samu daga hasken rana ɗaya, ikon fitar da wutar lantarki gabaɗaya daga hasken rana zai ragu da yawa.
Baya ga batutuwan da ke sama, dole ne a yi la'akari da alakar da ke tsakanin na'ura mai ba da hanya tsakanin hanyoyin sadarwa da na'urorin da ke kusa da ita.Waɗannan haɗin gwiwar suna ƙarƙashin wasu matsi waɗanda samfuri ne na nauyin injina da canje-canjen yanayin zafi.Saboda haka, a cikin dogon lokaci da amfani da hasken rana, haɗin da aka ambata a sama na iya yin kasawa saboda gajiya, ta yadda za a yi amfani da hasken rana ba daidai ba.
Tasirin Tabo mai zafi
A cikin tsarin tsarin hasken rana, ɗayan sel na hasken rana ana haɗa su a jere don cimma matsakaicin ƙarfin tsarin.Da zarar daya daga cikin sel na hasken rana ya toshe, tantanin hasken rana da abin ya shafa ba zai sake yin aiki a matsayin tushen wutar lantarki ba, amma ya zama mai amfani da makamashi.Sauran ƙwayoyin hasken rana marasa inuwa suna ci gaba da ɗaukar halin yanzu ta hanyar su, suna haifar da asarar makamashi mai yawa, haɓaka "gurasa masu zafi" har ma suna lalata ƙwayoyin hasken rana.
Don guje wa wannan matsalar, ana haɗa diodes ɗin kewayawa a layi daya tare da ɗaya ko da yawa ƙwayoyin rana a jere.Ketare halin yanzu yana ƙetare garkuwar tantanin rana kuma ya wuce ta diode.
Lokacin da tantanin rana yana aiki akai-akai, ana kashe diode mai kewayawa a baya, wanda baya shafar kewaye;idan akwai wata tantanin halitta mara kyau na hasken rana da aka haɗa a layi daya tare da diode na kewayawa, za a ƙayyade halin yanzu na gabaɗayan layin ta mafi ƙarancin tantanin rana na yanzu, kuma na yanzu za'a ƙayyade ta wurin garkuwar tantanin rana.Yanke shawara.Idan juzu'i na bias ƙarfin lantarki ya fi mafi ƙarancin ƙarfin lantarki na tantanin halitta na rana, diode na kewayawa zai gudana kuma za a gajarta tantanin hasken rana mara kyau.
Ana iya ganin cewa wurin zafi shine dumama hasken rana ko dumama gida, sannan kuma hasken rana da ke wurin da zafin rana ya lalace, wanda hakan ke rage karfin wutar lantarkin da ake samu, har ma ya kai ga gogewar hasken rana, wanda hakan ke matukar rage rayuwar sabis. na hasken rana kuma yana kawo haɗari mai ɓoye ga amincin samar da wutar lantarki na tashar wutar lantarki, kuma tarin zafi zai haifar da lalacewar hasken rana.
Ƙa'idar Zaɓin Diode
Zaɓin diode na kewayawa ya fi bi ka'idodi masu zuwa: ① Ƙunƙarar ƙarfin juriya sau biyu mafi girman ƙarfin aiki na baya;② Ƙarfin halin yanzu shine sau biyu madaidaicin baya aiki na yanzu;③ Zafin mahaɗa ya kamata ya zama mafi girma fiye da ainihin zafin haɗuwa;④ thermal juriya ƙananan;⑤ ƙaramin matsa lamba.
(1) Kayan lantarki
Ayyukan lantarki na akwatin mahaɗin module PV ya haɗa da sigogi kamar ƙarfin aiki, halin yanzu, da juriya.Don auna ko akwatin mahaɗa ya cancanta, aikin lantarki shine hanyar haɗi mai mahimmanci.
① Wutar lantarki mai aiki
Lokacin da juyi ƙarfin lantarki a fadin diode ya kai ga wani ƙima, diode zai rushe kuma ya rasa halayen jagoranci na unidirectional.Don tabbatar da amincin amfani, an ƙayyade matsakaicin matsakaicin ƙarfin aiki na baya, wato, matsakaicin ƙarfin lantarki na na'urar da ta dace lokacin da akwatin junction ke aiki a ƙarƙashin yanayin aiki na yau da kullun.Wutar lantarki mai aiki na yanzu na akwatin junction na PV shine 1000V (DC).
②Junction zazzabi halin yanzu
Har ila yau, an san shi da aiki na yanzu, yana nufin matsakaicin ƙimar halin yanzu na gaba wanda aka yarda ya wuce ta diode lokacin da yake aiki na dogon lokaci.Lokacin da halin yanzu ke gudana ta cikin diode, mutuwar yana zafi kuma zafin jiki ya tashi.Lokacin da zafin jiki ya wuce iyakar da aka yarda (kimanin 140 ° C na bututun silicon da 90 ° C don bututun germanium), mutu zai yi zafi kuma ya lalace.Don haka, diode ɗin da ake amfani da shi bai kamata ya wuce ƙimar gaba mai aiki da yanzu na diode ba.
Lokacin da tasirin tabo mai zafi ya faru, halin yanzu yana gudana ta diode.Gabaɗaya magana, girman junction zafin halin yanzu, mafi kyau, kuma mafi girman kewayon aiki na akwatin mahaɗin.
③ Juriyar haɗin kai
Babu takamaiman kewayon buƙatu don juriya na haɗin gwiwa, yana nuna ingancin haɗin kai ne kawai tsakanin tasha da mashaya bas.Akwai hanyoyi guda biyu don haɗa tashoshi, ɗayan yana haɗa haɗin gwiwa ɗayan kuma shine walda.Dukansu hanyoyin suna da fa'ida da rashin amfani:
Da farko dai, ƙaddamarwa yana da sauri kuma kulawa ya dace, amma yanki tare da shingen tashar yana da ƙananan ƙananan, kuma haɗin ba shi da isasshen abin dogara, yana haifar da juriya mai girma da sauƙi don zafi.
Abu na biyu, yankin gudanarwa na hanyar walda ya kamata ya zama ƙarami, juriya na lamba ya kamata ya zama ƙarami, kuma haɗin ya kamata ya kasance mai ƙarfi.Koyaya, saboda yawan zafin jiki na siyarwar diode yana da sauƙin ƙonewa yayin aiki.
(2) Nisa Tsayin Welding
Faɗin abin da ake kira electrode yana nufin faɗin layin da ke fita na hasken rana, wato, busbar, sannan kuma ya haɗa da tazarar da ke tsakanin na'urorin.Idan aka yi la'akari da juriya da tazarar mashin ɗin, akwai ƙayyadaddun bayanai guda uku: 2.5mm, 4mm, da 6mm.
(3) Yanayin Aiki
Ana amfani da akwatin haɗin gwiwa tare da haɗin gwiwar hasken rana kuma yana da ƙarfin daidaitawa ga yanayin.Dangane da yanayin zafin jiki, ma'auni na yanzu shine - 40 ℃ ~ 85 ℃.
(4) Yanayin Junction
Zazzabi mahaɗar diode yana rinjayar ɗigogi a halin yanzu a cikin jihar da ba a kashe ba.Gabaɗaya magana, ɗigogi na yanzu yana ninka don kowane haɓakar digiri 10 na zafin jiki.Don haka, ma'aunin zafin mahaɗar diode dole ne ya kasance sama da ainihin zafin mahaɗa.
Hanyar gwajin zazzabi junction diode shine kamar haka:
Bayan dumama hasken rana zuwa 75 (℃) na awa 1, zafin jiki na kewaye diode yakamata ya zama ƙasa da matsakaicin zafin aiki.Sa'an nan ƙara da baya halin yanzu zuwa 1.25 sau ISC na 1 hour, da kewaye diode kada ya kasa.
(1) Gwaji
Ya kamata a gwada akwatunan Junction na Solar kafin amfani.Babban abubuwan sun haɗa da bayyanar, rufewa, ƙimar juriya na wuta, cancantar diode, da sauransu.
(2) Yadda Ake Amfani da Akwatin Junction Solar
① Da fatan za a tabbatar cewa an gwada akwatin junction na hasken rana kuma an ƙware kafin amfani.
② Kafin sanya odar samarwa, da fatan za a tabbatar da nisa tsakanin tashoshi da tsarin shimfidawa.
③Lokacin shigar da akwatin junction, shafa manne a ko'ina kuma gabaɗaya don tabbatar da cewa jikin akwatin da jirgin baya na hasken rana an rufe su gaba ɗaya.
④ Tabbata a rarrabe tabbatacce da korau sanduna lokacin shigar da junction akwatin.
⑤ Lokacin haɗa mashaya bas zuwa tashar lamba, tabbatar da bincika ko tashin hankali tsakanin mashaya bas da tasha ya wadatar.
⑥ Lokacin amfani da tashoshi na walda, lokacin walda bai kamata ya yi tsayi da yawa ba, don kada ya lalata diode.
⑦Lokacin shigar da murfin akwatin, tabbatar da matsa shi da ƙarfi.
Dongguan Slocable Photovoltaic Technology Co.,LTD.
Ƙara: Guangda Manufacturing Hongmei Science and Technology Park, No. 9-2, Hongmei Section, Wangsha Road, Hongmei Town, Dongguan, Guangdong, China
Saukewa: 0769-220101
