Ukuhlaziywa Kwesimo Sokuthuthukiswa Kwezibani Zokukhanyisa Zelanga kanye Nokuqhathaniswa Kwezinzuzo

       Izibani zelangaziguqulwa zibe ugesi ngamaphaneli elanga.Emini, ngisho nangezinsuku ezinamafu, amaphaneli elanga angaqoqa futhi agcine amandla adingekayo.Njengohlobo lwamandla amasha aphephile futhi anobungani bemvelo, amandla elanga athole ukunakwa okwengeziwe.

Ukusetshenziswa kokukhiqizwa kwamandla elanga le-photovoltaic kuwumkhuba ongenakuhlehliswa ekusetshenzisweni kwamandla.I-China isibe yimakethe yesibili ngobukhulu emhlabeni yabathengi bakagesi ngemuva kwe-United States, futhi izinga lokukhula kwesidingo sayo liphezulu kakhulu emhlabeni.Nokho, ukushoda kwamandla kaphethiloli kanye nesidingo esiphuthumayo semithombo yamalahle kwenze izindlela ezikhona zokuphehla ugesi zingakwazi kakhulu ukuhlangabezana nesidingo sokusetshenziswa kukagesi.Ukukhuthazwa kokuphehlwa kwamandla elanga kuyaphuthuma futhi makhulu amathuba emakethe.Mayelana nemakethe, kanye nokusheshisa intuthuko, imboni yamandla elanga kufanele ibe nokuningi okumele ikwenze.

Imikhiqizo yokukhanyisa i-solar ivela ngokuthandwa kwama-heaters amanzi elanga.Lapha siqhathanisa imiphumela yezibani zelanga nezibani ezinkulu.

Ukuqhathaniswa Kwezibani Zelanga Nezibani Eziyinhloko

1. Ukufakwa kwezibani zamapayipi amakhulu kuyinkimbinkimbi

Kunezinqubo eziyinkimbinkimbi zokusebenza kuphrojekthi yokukhanyisa amapayipi.Okokuqala, izintambo kufanele zibekwe, futhi inani elikhulu lemisebenzi eyisisekelo njengokumbiwa kwemisele yekhebula, ukubekwa kwamapayipi afihliwe, ukucutshungulwa kwamapayipi, kanye nokugcwalisa i-backfilling.Bese ufeza ukufakwa nokulungisa iphutha lesikhathi eside, uma noma yimiphi imigqa inenkinga, kudingeka indawo enkulu yokulungisa kabusha.Ngaphezu kwalokho, indawo nemigqa kuyinkimbinkimbi, futhi umsebenzi kanye nezinto ezisizayo ziyabiza.

Nakuba ukukhanya kwelanga kulula ukukufaka: lapho kufakwa ukukhanya kwelanga, asikho isidingo sokubeka imigqa eyinkimbinkimbi, yenza nje isisekelo se-samente bese usilungisa ngezikulufo zensimbi ezingenasici.

2. Izikweletu zikagesi eziphezulu zokukhanyisa amapayipi amakhulu

Kunezindleko ezimisiwe neziphakeme zikagesi emsebenzini wezinto zokukhanyisa eziyinhloko, futhi kuyadingeka ukugcina noma ukufaka esikhundleni semigqa nokunye ukucushwa isikhathi eside, futhi izindleko zokulondoloza zikhula unyaka nonyaka.

Nakuba izibani zokukhanyisa zelanga zingenawo amashaji kagesi: izibani zelanga ziyi-investment yesikhathi esisodwa, ngaphandle kwezindleko zokulungisa, izindleko zokutshala izimali zingabuyiselwa eminyakeni emithathu, kanye nezinzuzo zesikhathi eside.

3. Izibani ezinkulu zinezingozi zokuphepha ezingaba khona

Izibani ezikhanyisa ama-main kanye nezibani ziletha izingozi eziningi zokuphepha ngenxa yekhwalithi yokwakha, ukuguqulwa kobunjiniyela bendawo, ukuguga kwezinto zokwakha, ukunikezwa kwamandla okungavamile, kanye nokungqubuzana phakathi kwamapayipi amanzi nogesi.

Kodwa-ke, ukukhanya kwelanga akunazo izingozi zokuphepha: izibani zelanga ziyimikhiqizo ye-ultra-low voltage, ephephile futhi enokwethenjelwa ekusebenzeni.

Ezinye Izinzuzo Zezibani Zokukhanyisa Zelanga

Ukuvikelwa kohlaza kanye nemvelo, kungangeza amaphuzu amasha okuthengisa ekuthuthukisweni nasekukhuthazeni umphakathi ohloniphekile wemvelo;inganciphisa ngokuqhubekayo izindleko zokuphathwa kwezakhiwo futhi yehlise izindleko zesabelo somphakathi sabanikazi.Kafushane, izici ezingokwemvelo zokukhanya kwelanga, njengokuthi azikho izingozi ezifihliwe, ukonga amandla nokungawasebenzisi, ukuvikelwa kwemvelo okuluhlaza, ukufakwa kalula, ukulawula okuzenzakalelayo nokugcinwa ngaphandle kokugcinwa, kuzoletha ngokuqondile izinzuzo ezisobala zokuthengiswa kwezindlu kanye nokwakhiwa kobunjiniyela bakamasipala.(Izinzuzo Zokufaka I-Solar Street Lights Ezindaweni Zasemakhaya)

Ukusetshenziswa Kwezibani Zelanga

Ukukhanya kwelanga kungasetshenziswa kabanzi ekuhlobiseni izindawo ezinotshani, isikwele, ipaki nezinye izikhathi, futhi kungowenkambu yobuchwepheshe yezibani nezibani.Isibani selambu sisetshenziswa kakhulu ukuxhuma ubakaki ongezansi, iphaneli yebhethri ibekwe ebhokisini lebhethri futhi yakhelwe endaweni yesibani, ibhokisi lebhethri lifakwa kubakaki abaphansi, ama-diode akhipha ukukhanya afakwe kuphaneli yebhethri, futhi Iphaneli yelanga isebenzisa izintambo ukuxhuma ibhethri elishajekayo kanye nesekhethi yokulawula.Imodeli yokusetshenziswa ihlanganisiwe, ilula, ihlangene futhi inengqondo ngesakhiwo;ayikho intambo yamandla yangaphandle, kulula ukuyisebenzisa nokuyifaka, futhi yinhle ngokubukeka;ngenxa yokusetshenziswa kwama-diode akhipha ukukhanya kubakaki abaphansi, wonke umzimba wesibani uyakhanyiswa ngemva kokukhishwa kokukhanya, futhi umphumela wokubona ukukhanya ungcono;Zonke izingxenye zikagesi zakhiwe ngaphakathi, ezinokusebenziseka okuhle.

Eqinisweni, izibani zokukhanyisa zangaphandle zelanga zizoba yinkimbinkimbi kakhulu.Ngokungeziwe kumabhethri amakhulu namaphaneli elanga, uhlelo luhlanganisa namamonitha azinikele athuthukile.Lapho ukukhanya kumisiwe, ibhethri elisebenza ngelanga liqala ukushajwa, bese kuthi lapho selishajwe ngokugcwele, lithola amandla engeziwe.Okubalulekile ukuthi izibani zangaphandle zelanga kanye nezindlu ze-solar photovoltaic zifakwe amaphaneli elanga, zonke zinesistimu yokulawula i-microprocessor ezinikele namabhethri.Ixhunywe kusibani sokulayisha esiklanywe ngokukhethekile esifakwe i-super reflectivity kanye ne-ballast yamandla aphezulu.Inezinzuzo zokukhanya okuphezulu, ukufakwa kalula, umsebenzi onokwethenjelwa, akukho zintambo, akukho ukusetshenziswa kwamandla avamile, nempilo ende yesevisi.Usebenzisa idizayini ye-diode ekhanyayo ye-LED ekhanyayo, akukho msebenzi owenziwe ngesandla odingekayo, amalambu azokhanya ngokuzenzakalelayo kumnyama, futhi aphume ngokuzenzakalelayo ekuseni.Imikhiqizo inomqondo oqinile wemfashini, ukuthungwa okukhanyayo, ukucoleka, kanye nesimanjemanje.Asetshenziswa kakhulu ekuhlobiseni ukukhanyisa kwamabhande aluhlaza okuhlala kuwo, amabhande aluhlaza epaki yezimboni, izindawo ezinhle zezivakashi, amapaki, amagceke, izikhala eziluhlaza eziyisikwele nezinye izindawo.

Ukuhlukaniswa Kwezibani Zokukhanyisa Zelanga

(1) Uma kuqhathaniswa nezibani ezivamile ze-LED, izibani zasekhaya zelanga zinamabhethri e-lithium akhelwe ngaphakathi noma amabhethri e-lead-acid futhi ashajwa yiphaneli yelanga eyodwa noma ngaphezulu.Isikhathi sokushaja esijwayelekile singamahora ayi-8, kanti isikhathi sokusebenzisa sifinyelela kumahora angama-8-24.Ngokujwayelekile ngomsebenzi wokushaja noma wesilawuli kude, ukubukeka kuyahlukahluka kuye ngezidingo zomsebenzisi.

(2) Indima yezibani zesignali yelanga ekuhambeni, ukuhamba ngezindiza, namarobhothi asemhlabeni ibaluleke kakhulu.Ezindaweni eziningi, amagridi kagesi awakwazi ukunikeza amandla.Izibani zesignali yelanga zingaxazulula inkinga yokunikezwa kwamandla.Umthombo wokukhanya ngokuyinhloko uyi-LED enezinhlayiya ezincane nokukhanya okuqondisayo.Kuzuzwe izinzuzo ezinhle zezomnotho nezenhlalo.

(3) Amandla omthombo wokukhanya wotshani belanga angu-0.1~1W.Ngokuvamile, ama-diode anezinhlayiyana ezincane ezikhipha ukukhanya (i-LED) asetshenziswa njengomthombo wokukhanya oyinhloko.Amandla ephaneli yelanga angu-0.5~3W, futhi amabhethri amabili afana nebhethri ye-nickel engu-1.2V angasetshenziswa.

(4) Izibani ze-solar landscape zisetshenziswa ezikweleni, emapaki, ezindaweni eziluhlaza nakwezinye izindawo, kusetshenziswa imimo ehlukahlukene yemithombo yokukhanya yamaphuzu e-LED enamandla aphansi, imithombo yokukhanya kolayini, namalambu amamodeli abandayo e-cathode ukuze kuhlobise imvelo.Izibani ze-solar landscape zingathola imiphumela engcono yokukhanyisa indawo ngaphandle kokucekela phansi indawo eluhlaza.

(5) Isibani sophawu lwelanga sisetshenziselwa ukukhanyisa inkomba yomhlahlandlela wasebusuku, ipuleti lendlu kanye nophawu lwempambanomgwaqo.Imfuneko yokugeleza okukhanyayo komthombo wokukhanya ayiphezulu, imfuneko yokumisa yesistimu iphansi, futhi ukusetshenziswa kukhulu.Umthombo wokukhanya wesibani sophawu ngokuvamile ungaba i-LED enamandla aphansi noma isibani se-cathode esibandayo.

(6)Amalambu emigwaqweni elangaasetshenziswa emigwaqweni yasemakhaya nasemigwaqweni yezwe, futhi okwamanje ingenye yezinhlelo zokusebenza eziyinhloko zamadivayisi okukhanyisa ama-solar photovoltaic.Imithombo yokukhanya esetshenziswayo amalambu anamandla aphansi we-high-pressure gas discharge (HID), amalambu e-fluorescent, amalambu e-sodium anengcindezi ephansi, nama-LED anamandla amakhulu.Ngenxa yomkhawulo wawo wonke wamandla, azikho izimo eziningi ezisetshenziswa emigwaqweni yasemadolobheni.Ngokuhambisana nemigqa kamasipala, izibani zasemgwaqweni ezikhanyisa i-solar photovoltaic zizosetshenziswa kakhulu emgwaqeni omkhulu.

(7) Izibani zelanga ezibulala izinambuzane zisetshenziswa emasimini, emasimini, emapaki, otshanini nakwezinye izindawo.Ngokuvamile, kusetshenziswa amalambu e-fluorescent ane-spectrum ethize, kanye nokusetshenziswa okuthuthuke kakhulu kwezibani ze-LED violet, ngokusebenzisa imisebe yayo ethile ye-spectrum ukuze kubanjwe futhi kubulawe izinambuzane.

(8) Ithoshi lelanga lisebenzisa i-LED njengomthombo wokukhanya, engasetshenziswa emisebenzini yasensimini noma ezimeni eziphuthumayo.

Izibani zegceke lelanga zisetshenziswa ekukhanyisweni nasekuhlobiseni imigwaqo yasemadolobheni, imiphakathi yezohwebo neyokuhlala, amapaki, izindawo ezikhanga izivakashi, izikwele, njll. Kungenzeka futhi ukuguqula uhlelo lokukhanyisa amapayipi amakhulu olubalulwe ngenhla lube uhlelo lokukhanyisa ilanga ngokwezidingo zabasebenzisi. .