I-Intelligent PV Panel Junction Box Ixazulula Izinkinga Ezintathu Ezinkulu Ezihlupha Imboni Ye-PV

Eminyakeni eyi-10 edlule, imikhiqizo yokukhiqiza amandla e-photovoltaic iye yanda kakhulu emhlabeni jikelele, futhi izinto ezintsha ezizungeze imboni ye-photovoltaic zivela ngokungapheli.Lezi zinyathelo ezintsha zikhuthaze ukuthuthukiswa okuqhubekayo kokusebenza kahle kwezinhlelo zokuphehla amandla e-photovoltaic, izindleko eziphansi, futhi zenza uhlelo lwe-photovoltaic lube nesisekelo futhi lusondele empilweni yezakhamuzi.

Phakathi kwalezi zinyathelo ezintsha, i-R&D ehlakaniphile yezinhlelo zokuphehla amandla e-photovoltaic isiphenduke enye yezinto ezikhathazayo zokusungula izinto ezintsha zobuchwepheshe emhlabeni jikelele.Ezinye izinkampani ezihamba phambili ze-photovoltaic nezikhungo zocwaningo zisebenzisa ubuchwepheshe be-inthanethi, ubuchwepheshe bezinzwa, ukuhlaziya idatha enkulu, njll. ukuze xhumane nezinhlelo zesiteshi samandla e-photovoltaic ezingazodwa ukuze zisize abatshalizimali benze ukugcinwa kokuphepha kwansuku zonke okulula kakhulu kanye nezinqumo zokuhlaziya imali engenayo.

Ukwakha umnyombo wesistimu yamandla elanga - ama-solar panel, anendima eyisisekelo yokwamukela ukukhanya nokuguqula amandla okukhanya abe amandla kagesi.Kodwa-ke, phakathi neminyaka, iningi lezitshalo zamandla ezihlakaniphile ze-photovoltaic ezithi zifake isiteji sokuphatha ezihlakaniphile azikaboni noma yimiphi iminonjana "yobuhlakani" ezingeni eliyisisekelo lamamojula ayisisekelo okukhiqiza amandla (amaphaneli).Amaphaneli elanga avele axhunywe ochungechungeni ngumfaki ukuze enze intambo, futhi izintambo eziningana zixhunywe ukuze zenze i-photovoltaic array, ekugcineni yakha uhlelo lwesiteshi samandla.

Ngakho-ke, ingabe ikhona inkinga ngaleli lungiselelo?

Okokuqala, i-voltage yephaneli ngayinye ye-photovoltaic ayiphezulu, amashumi ambalwa kuphela ama-volts, kodwa i-voltage ochungechungeni iphezulu kakhulu mayelana ne-1000V.Lapho uhlelo lokukhiqiza amandla luhlangana nomlilo, ngisho noma izicishamlilo zinganqamula ukushintshwa kwesekethe yokubuyisela yesifunda esikhulu, lonke uhlelo luseyingozi kakhulu, ngoba luyimanje kuphela kumjikelezo wokubuyisela ovaliwe.Ngenxa yokuthi ama-solar panel axhunywe omunye nomunye ngezixhumi, i-voltage yesistimu phansi isengu-1000V.Lapho izicishamlilo ezingenalwazi ziqeda izibhamu zamanzi ezinomfutho ophezulu wokufafaza amanzi kulawa mabhodi okukhiqiza amandla angu-1000V, ngoba amanzi ahamba phambili, umehluko omkhulu we-voltage ulayishwa ngokuqondile kubacimi bomlilo ngokusebenzisa ikholomu yamanzi, futhi inhlekelele izokwenzeka.

Okwesibili, izici zokukhishwa kwephaneli ngayinye ye-photovoltaic azihambisani, njengamanje, i-voltage kanye nephuzu lokusebenza elilungile.Ngokusetshenziswa isikhathi eside nokuguga kwemvelo kwezinhlelo ze-photovoltaic ngaphandle, lokhu kungahambisani kuzobonakala nakakhulu.Izici zokukhiqiza amandla e-tandem zihambisana "nomphumela womgqomo".Ngamanye amazwi, ukukhiqizwa kwamandla okuphelele kweyunithi yezinhlamvu zamaphaneli elanga kuncike kakhulu ezicini zokuphuma zephaneli ebuthaka kakhulu entanjeni.

Okwesithathu, amaphaneli elanga esaba kakhulu ukuvaleka kwethunzi (izici zokuvala ngokuvamile umthunzi wesihlahla, ubulongwe bezinyoni, uthuli, oshimula, izinto zangaphandle, njll.), ngakho ngokuvamile afakwa ezindaweni ezinelanga, kodwa ezinhlelweni zokukhiqiza amandla ophahleni olusabalalisiwe. ukuze kucatshangelwe ubuhle nokuxhumana kwendlu yonke kanye nesakhiwo sokwakha igceke, abanikazi bavame ukusabalalisa amaphaneli ebhethri ngokulinganayo kulo lonke uphahla.Nakuba ezinye izingxenye zalolu phahla zingase zibangele ukuvaleka kwethunzi, ngezinye izikhathi, abanikazi abaqondi ngokugcwele umthelela omkhulu kanye nokulimala kokuvaleka kwethunzi kumaphaneli kagesi.Njengoba iphaneli yebhethri inomthunzi wethunzi, into yokuvikela i-bypass (imvamisa i-diode) ebhokisini lokuhlangana lephaneli ye-PV ngemuva kwephaneli izonxenxwa, futhi i-DC yamanje efika cishe ku-9A ochungechungeni lwebhethri izolayishwa khona manjalo ku-bypass. idivayisi, okwenza ibhokisi le-PV junction Kuzoba nezinga lokushisa eliphakeme elingaphezu kwama-degree angu-100 ngaphakathi.Lokhu kushisa okuphezulu kuzoba nomthelela omncane ebhodini lebhethri kanye nebhokisi lokuhlangana esikhathini esifushane, kodwa uma umphumela wethunzi ungaqediwe futhi ukhona isikhathi eside, uzothinta kakhulu impilo yesevisi yebhokisi lokuhlangana kanye nebhodi lebhethri. .

Ngaphezu kwalokho, ezinye izithunzi zingezesivikelo esiphindaphindwayo se-high-frequency (isibonelo, amagatsha aphambi kophahla lwe-photovoltaic lwasekhaya azovimba ngokuphindaphindiwe iphaneli yebhethri ngomoya. Lesi sivikelo esishintshashintshayo se-high-frequency senza idivayisi yokudlula ibe umjikelezo: ukunqanyulwa - conduction - ukunqanyulwa).I-diode ivuliwe futhi ishisiswe yi-current-power current, bese i-bias ihlehliswa ngokushesha ukuze ikhansele yamanje futhi ikhulise i-voltage ebuyela emuva.Kulo mjikelezo ophindaphindiwe, impilo yesevisi ye-diode iyancipha kakhulu.Lapho i-diode esebhokisini lokuhlangana lephaneli ye-PV isha, ukuphuma kwesistimu kwayo yonke iphaneli yelanga kuzohluleka.

Ngakho, ingabe likhona ikhambi elingaxazulula izinkinga ezintathu ezingenhla ngesikhathi esisodwa?Onjiniyela basungula i-Ibhokisi lokuhlangana le-PV elihlakaniphilengemva kweminyaka yokusebenza kanzima nokuzilolonga.

Leli bhokisi le-junction le-Slocable PV lisebenzisa i-chip yokuphatha amandla e-DC photovoltaic ezinikele ukuklama nokwakha ibhodi lesifunda lokulawula, elingafakwa ngokuqondile ebhokisini le-photovoltaic junction.Ukuze kube lula ukufakwa kwabakhiqizi bephaneli yelanga, umklamo ugodlele izitolo ezine zezintambo zamabhasi, ukuze ibhokisi lokuhlangana lixhumeke kalula kuphaneli yelanga, kanye nokuphumayo.izintambofuthiizixhumiafakwe ngaphambilini ngaphambi kokuphuma embonini.Leli bhokisi lokuhlangana njengamanje liyibhokisi lokuhlanganisa elihlakaniphile le-PV embonini ye-photovoltaic ukufaka nokugcina.Ihlinzeka ngokuyinhloko izixazululo ezinkingeni ezintathu ezingenhla ezingenhla ezihlupha imboni ye-photovoltaic.Inemisebenzi elandelayo:

I-1) Umsebenzi we-MPPT: Ngokubambisana kwesofthiwe ne-hardware, iphaneli ngayinye ifakwe ubuchwepheshe obukhulu bokulandela umkhondo namadivayisi okulawula.Lobu buchwepheshe bungakhulisa ukuncishiswa kokusebenza kahle kokukhiqizwa kwamandla okubangelwa izici zephaneli ezihlukene kuhlu lwamaphaneli futhi kunciphise ” Umthelela “womphumela wombhobho” ekusebenzeni kahle kwesiteshi sikagesi ungathuthukisa kakhulu ukusebenza kahle kokuphehlwa kwamandla kwesiteshi sikagesi.Kusukela emiphumeleni yokuhlolwa, ukusebenza kahle kokukhiqizwa kwamandla kwesistimu kungakhushulwa ngisho nangama-47.5%, okukhuphula imali engenayo yokutshalwa kwezimali futhi kufinyeze kakhulu isikhathi sokubuyisela utshalomali.

2) Umsebenzi wokuvala shaqa ngobuhlakani ezimweni ezingavamile njengomlilo: Esimeni somlilo, i-algorithm yesofthiwe eyakhelwe ngaphakathi yebhokisi lokuhlangana lephaneli ye-PV kanye nesekethe yezingxenyekazi zekhompuyutha inganquma ukuthi ingabe kukhona okungavamile kwenzeke phakathi kwama-millisecond angu-10, futhi inqanyulwe ngokuqhubekayo. ukuxhumana phakathi kwephaneli yebhethri ngayinye.Amandla kagesi angu-1000V ancishiswa abe amandla kagesi amukelekayo emzimbeni womuntu azungeze i-40V ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuphepha kwezicishamlilo.

3) Ubuchwepheshe bokulawula obuhlanganisiwe be-MOSFET thyristor busetshenziswa esikhundleni se-diode yendabuko ye-Schottky.Uma isithunzi sivinjiwe, i-MOSFET bypass current ingaqalwa khona manjalo ukuze kuvikelwe ukuphepha kwephaneli yebhethri.Ngesikhathi esifanayo, ngenxa yezimpawu eziphansi ezihlukile ze-VF ze-MOSFET, ukushisa okukhiqizwa ebhokisini lokuhlangana kuyingxenye eyodwa kuphela kweshumi yaleyo yebhokisi lokuhlangana elivamile.Lobu buchwepheshe kakhulu Ukuphila kwesevisi yebhokisi lokuhlangana kwe-photovoltaic bude, futhi impilo yesevisi yephaneli yelanga iqinisekisiwe kangcono.

Njengamanje, izixazululo zobuchwepheshe zamabhokisi e-PV junction ahlakaniphile ziyavela ngokulandelana, ikakhulukazi ezizungeze ukuthuthukiswa nokuthuthukisa ukusebenza kahle kokukhiqizwa kwentambo ye-photovoltaic, nokuthuthukisa izindlela zokuphendula umlilo zesistimu ye-photovoltaic njengemisebenzi yokuvala shaqa.

Ukuthuthukisa nokuklama "ibhokisi lokuhlangana le-PV elihlakaniphile" akuwona umsebenzi oyinkimbinkimbi futhi ojulile.Kodwa-ke, ibhokisi le-junction elihlakaniphile lingahlangabezana kanjani ngempela namaphuzu obuhlungu nobunzima bemakethe ye-photovoltaic?Kuyadingeka ukuthola ibhalansi engcono kakhulu mayelana nomsebenzi kagesi webhokisi lokuhlangana, impilo yesevisi yemishini kagesi, izindleko kanye nemali engenayo yokutshalwa kwezimali yebhokisi lokuhlangana elihlakaniphile.Kukholelwa ukuthi eminyakeni embalwa ezayo, ibhokisi le-PV junction elihlakaniphile lizoba nezinhlelo zokusebenza eziningi ohlelweni lwe-photovoltaic futhi lidale inani elithe xaxa kubatshalizimali.