2021-09-29
Amashanyarazi nyamukuru ni ingufu z'amashanyarazi n'amashanyarazi, bingana na 90% by'amashanyarazi yose, muri yo amashanyarazi agera kuri 72%, amashanyarazi agera kuri 18%, 10% asigaye ni ingufu za kirimbuzi 4%, ingufu z'umuyaga 4.5%, ingufu z'izuba 1.5%, ingufu za geothermal, ingufu zamazi, bio-amashanyarazi irashobora kwirengagizwa. Amashanyarazi yumuriro ahanini aterwa namakara, ibiciro byamakara.
Kuva urugendo, ububiko bwamakara bwikubye hafi kabiri, bwohereza igiciro cyamakara kurwego rwo hejuru.Ibi byatumye ubwiyongere bukabije bwibiciro bya lisansi y’ibicanwa ndetse n’igitutu cyo gutakaza amafaranga
(Ikara ry'amakara)
2 Ubushinwa bwiyongereyeho 20,6 ku ijana mu gukoresha uruganda mu gihe ibicuruzwa byo ku isi bisuka muri iki gihugu nyuma y’icyorezo kibaye mu majyepfo y’iburasirazuba bwa Aziya. Ibigo by’ubucuruzi by’ububanyi n’amahanga by’Ubushinwa byuzuye ibicuruzwa, ibicuruzwa bimwe na bimwe biteganijwe mu mwaka utaha, bityo uruganda rukora amasaha y'ikirenga gutangira umusaruro.Ku ruhande rwo gutanga, amakara arazamuka, ibiciro biriyongera, naho ku ruhande rusabwa, amashanyarazi arazamuka.Uyu araza akagenda, bigatera imbaraga imbaraga.
Amabwiriza y’isi yose yinjiye mu Bushinwa nyuma y’icyorezo mu majyepfo y’amajyepfo ya Aziya.Vuba aha, guverinoma y'Ubushinwa yagerageje guhatira inganda “zinjiza cyane, zikoresha ingufu nyinshi ndetse n’ibyuka bihumanya ikirere” kugira ngo zongere inganda kandi zive mu karere kabo keza kugira ngo zitagwa mu bibazo, Leta yashyize ahagaragara politiki yo kurengera ibidukikije kabiri. .
Intara nka Guangdong, Zhejiang na Jiangsu, ziswe “Izina” na komisiyo y'igihugu ishinzwe iterambere n'ivugurura, zashyizeho ingamba zo kugabanya ikoreshwa ry'amashanyarazi kugira ngo intego ebyiri zigerweho mu gihe gikwiye.
Muri icyo gihe, ibihugu bimwe na bimwe byo mu Burayi no muri Amerika, bishingiye ku nganda zo muri Aziya, byafashwe n’ubwoba bw’ifaranga ry’ibiciro ndetse n’ibicuruzwa bitangwa, kubera ko abantu babika ibikenewe.
Ibigega biri muri Costco, urunigi runini rwo muri Amerika rw’ububiko bw’abanyamuryango bafite ububiko, byongeye ubusa, ibintu byo kugura ubwoba byatewe n’ikibazo cy’ibicuruzwa ndetse n’ibiciro by’ibikoresho byiyongera.
Kuberako arigihe rwose ubucuruzi bwabanyamerika bwitegura igihe cyibiruhuko mu mpera zumwaka, mugihe abaguzi bitegura igihe cyibiruhuko bakerekeza muri supermarket gufata ibintu.
Ariko igiciro cyinshi cyibikoresho hamwe nibibazo biri murwego rwo gutanga ibicuruzwa bituma ibicuruzwa bigabanuka kandi, bidatangaje ko amasahani yafashwe.
Mu rwego rwo guhangana n’ikibazo cy’itangwa ry’isoko, gufungura isoko byatangaje ko Amerika izaba impapuro zo mu musarani, ibikoresho byoza amazi n’amacupa n’ibindi bikoresho byo mu rugo kugira ngo byongere gushyirwaho.
Umuyobozi w'ikigo cyagaburiwe Powell yagize ati: "Ubushakashatsi bwerekana ko ingo z'Abanyamerika zizera ko ibiciro bizamuka mu gihe gito."
Umuyobozi mukuru w’imari ya Costco yise ibiciro by’ibikoresho “Igihe kirekire cy’ifaranga ry’ifaranga” ku guhamagarira kwinjiza amafaranga, hiyongeraho ko izamuka ry’ibiciro by’abakozi, kongera ibicuruzwa ku bicuruzwa ndetse n’ibiciro by’ibicuruzwa biri hejuru, igitutu cy’ifaranga cyiyongereye.
Ati: "Ntidushobora kwihanganira igitutu cyose, kandi bimwe muri byo bigomba gushyikirizwa abaguzi", avuga ko izamuka rya 3.5-4.5% ku giciro rusange cy’ibicuruzwa byagurishijwe n’abakiriya bafungura.
Muri byo, igiciro cyibicuruzwa byimpapuro zikoreshwa buri munsi cyazamutseho 4% kigera kuri 8%, naho igiciro cyibikomoka ku matungo cyazamutseho 5% kigera kuri 11%.Byongeye kandi, gufungura isoko birashobora umwaka utaha kugirango hongerwe amafaranga yabanyamuryango yumwaka, kwiyongera hafi 8%.
Kandi isosiyete ubu igomba gukemura ikibazo ni "Ibura ry'ibicuruzwa."Mu rwego rwo koroshya “Ikibazo cy’ibicuruzwa”, abacuruzi bazakodesha amato atatu agenda mu nyanja yerekeza muri Amerika y'Amajyaruguru no muri Aziya umwaka utaha, ariko icyo cyemezo gishobora kuba gito cyane kugira ngo gikemure ikibazo cy’ibicuruzwa bitangwa vuba.
Muri icyo gihe, Ubwongereza buhura na “Kugura ibintu”.
Hamwe n’ibiciro by’ingufu byazamutse, Brexit, ibura ry’abakozi, ibura ry’abatwara amakamyo ndetse n’izamuka ry’ibiciro by’ifaranga, iminyururu itangwa irakomeye, ibicuruzwa ni bike kandi ibinyobwa n’inyama muri supermarket zo mu Bwongereza birabura, habaye kugura ubwoba n’abongereza abaturage, kugura ubwoba mu maduka manini yo mu Bwongereza, no mu bubiko byafashwe.
Ibi na byo, bizamura ifaranga mu Bwongereza
Ikigereranyo cy’amezi 12 impuzandengo ya CPI yazamutse igera ku myaka icyenda hejuru ya 3,2 ku ijana muri Kanama kuva kuri 2.0 ku ijana muri Nyakanga, nk'uko Banki y’Ubwongereza ibitangaza.
Niba ifaranga rikomeje kuba hejuru mu gihe giciriritse, kabone niyo Banki y’Ubwongereza yagabanije iteganyagihe ry’iterambere ry’igihembwe cya gatatu ikagera kuri 2,1% kuva kuri 2.9%, ubukungu buzahungabana.
Mubyukuri, igitutu cy’ifaranga kimaze gukwirakwira mu bukungu bwateye imbere ku isi.
Eurozone nayo yafatiwe mu gihirahiro.
Ifaranga naryo ryazamutse cyane muri eurozone biturutse ku gutanga ingufu nke.Kwiyongera kw'ibiciro by'ingufu, nka gaze gasanzwe, byatumye izamuka ry'ibiciro by'amashanyarazi rikabije, bituma amasosiyete menshi yo mu Burayi agabanya umusaruro kandi ahagarika umusaruro, bituma nta cyizere kiri mu isoko ry’ibihugu by’i Burayi.
Umuryango w’ubufatanye n’ubukungu n’iterambere uteganya ko ifaranga ry’amayero rizagera ku rwego rwo hejuru mu gihembwe cya kane.
Usibye Amerika, Ubwongereza, Eurozone, Uburusiya, Burezili, Ubuhinde, Turukiya, Koreya y'Epfo, Nouvelle-Zélande, Maleziya, Tayilande n'ibindi bihugu ni igitutu gikomeye cy'ifaranga.
Nubwo igiciro cyamakara cyazamutse cyane, kandi kugirango tugere ku kutabogama kwa karubone, karubone yazamutse.Mu bihe biri imbere, tugomba guteza imbere ingufu zitanga amashanyarazi
Hamwe n’ifaranga ry’isi yose, ibiciro by’ibikoresho byose bizamuka gusa, bivuze ko inganda za PV zigomba gutangira gutekereza ku biciro, kubera ko PV ari isoko y’ingufu zisukuye, zishobora kuvugururwa, ariko hamwe n’ubushobozi bw’ikoranabuhanga bugezweho, imikorere y’amashanyarazi. iracyari hejuru bihagije.
Imiti, ubutare bwicyuma, amakara yumuriro nibindi bicuruzwa muri rusange byazamutse cyane, ibikoresho fatizo nibisanzwe byiyongera kubiciro muri rusange.Ibi ntabwo byatumye izamuka ry’ibiciro by’ibicuruzwa byiyongera, izamuka ry’ibiciro by’ibikoresho fatizo ndetse n’ingorane zo kuzamura ibiciro mu bice byo hasi by’ibicuruzwa by’inganda, bivuze ko urwego rwose rukora ari “Kwinjiza ubushobozi ariko ntibukora amafaranga ”.Uhuze nibikorwa, ariko inyungu ziragabanuka.Birashobora kugaragara ko inganda ziva mu mahanga zikora ibicuruzwa byoherezwa mu mahanga zihura n’ibintu bidasanzwe: kuruhande rumwe ni ugutegeka Crazy Drop, kurundi ruhande ni ugutumiza ariko ntubone amafaranga.
Nubwo ibikoresho fatizo byazamutse, igiciro cyibicuruzwa byakozwe hasi bizaterwa nibitangwa nibisabwa, ntabwo biva kubiciro gusa.Mubyukuri, kubera icyorezo gikabije mu Burayi no muri Amerika, icyifuzo rusange cy’abaguzi kiri kugabanuka cyane.Impamvu ituma Ubushinwa bukora ibicuruzwa n’ibicuruzwa byoherezwa mu mahanga kuri ubu bitagaragara, kubera ko ibyorezo byo mu mahanga byahungabanije inganda zikora ibicuruzwa byo mu mahanga, ibi byatumye bamwe mu bakora inganda zo mu mahanga batanga ibicuruzwa mu mbaraga z’inganda zikora ku isi kugira ngo birinde iki cyorezo.
Ubwiyongere bw'ibyoherezwa mu mahanga burasa no gusubira inyuma ku bukungu bw'isi bwifashe nabi.Hariho ibintu bidasanzwe aho ibiciro byibikoresho fatizo bigeze hejuru cyane, ariko ibiciro mukarere ka ruguru ntibihinduka.Mubyukuri, izamuka ryibiciro byibikoresho fatizo ntabwo ubwabyo ari isoko risanzwe.
Ejo hazaza rero hiyongereyeho igiciro kinini cyibicuruzwa bya PV bigomba byanze bikunze
Umugozi wumuringa wibanze ufite inyungu zuzuye kumasoko ya kabili.Ibyiza bya kabili-umuringa ntago ari byinshi, ariko igiciro cyumuringa ntigishobora kwirengagizwa, bigatuma igiciro cyibicuruzwa byiyongera.Kandi ntabwo byoroshye kubaka.Kubwibyo, mumyaka yashize duhindukirira ibikoresho bya aluminium.Uwitekaumugozi wa aluminiumizamuka gitunguranye, yakira isoko ubutoni, umukoresha gakondo wumuringa wumuringa arashobora kugira ikibazo, umugozi wa aluminium alloy ushobora gusimbuza umugozi wa aluminium?Ugereranije numuyoboro gakondo wumuringa-umuringa, ni izihe nyungu zidasanzwe za kabili ya aluminium?
Ugereranije nuyobora aluminiyumu nziza, umuyobozi wa aluminium alloy, kubera kongeramo ibice byihariye no gukoresha tekinoroji idasanzwe yo gutunganya, byateje imbere cyane imbaraga zingana, kuramba kugera kuri 30%, gukoresha neza kandi byizewe.
Ugereranije na aluminiyumu yera, kurwanya ibiyobora bya aluminiyumu byatejwe imbere na 300%, kandi ikibazo cyo kuruhuka giterwa no gutemba gukonje cyangwa kunyerera biririndwa.
Coefficient yo kwagura ubushyuhe ikoreshwa mukubara ubunini bwibintu uko ubushyuhe buhinduka.Amavuta ya aluminiyumu afite Coefficient yo kwagura ubushyuhe nkumuringa, kandi umuhuza wa aluminiyumu wakoreshejwe mu buryo bwizewe mu gutwara umuringa na aluminiyumu imyaka myinshi, kandi amashanyarazi menshi akoreshwa muri iki gihe akozwe muri aluminiyumu, akwiriye cyane cyane kuri aluminiyumu.Umuyoboro wa aluminiyumu rero nuwayihuza yagura kandi agasezerana neza.
Kurwanya kwangirika kwa aluminiyumu biterwa no gukora igipande cyoroshye, gikomeye cya oxyde iyo aluminiyumu ihuye numwuka, irwanya cyane uburyo butandukanye bwo kwangirika.Ibintu bidasanzwe byisi byongewe mumashanyarazi birashobora kurushaho kunoza kwangirika kwangirika kwa aluminiyumu, cyane cyane amashanyarazi.Ubushobozi bwa Aluminium bwo guhangana n’ibidukikije bikaze byatumye ikoreshwa cyane mu kuyobora imiyoboro ya kabili muri pallets, ndetse no mu bice byinshi by’inganda n'ibikoresho.Ubusanzwe ruswa ifitanye isano no guhuza ibyuma bitandukanye ahantu h’ubushuhe kandi birashobora gukumirwa hifashishijwe ingamba zikwiye zo kubarinda, nk'amavuta, antioxydants hamwe n’amavuta yo gukingira.Ubutaka bwa alkaline hamwe nubutaka bumwe na bumwe bwubutaka bwa aside burashobora kwangirika cyane kuri aluminium, bityo imiyoboro ya aluminiyumu yashyinguwe mu buryo butaziguye igomba gukingirwa cyangwa kubumbabumbwa kugirango birinde ruswa.Mu bidukikije birimo sulfure, nka gari ya moshi n'ahandi bisa, amavuta ya aluminiyumu arwanya ruswa kurusha umuringa.
Amashanyarazi akozwe muri aluminiyumu afite umutekano kandi ahamye nkayakozwe mumashanyarazi.Ibigize aluminium alloy itezimbere cyane imikorere yayo.Iyo kiyobora ihujwe, icyuma cyongeweho gitanga imbaraga nyinshi zo guhangana n’ibikurura, ibyo bigatuma umutekano uhoraho ndetse no mu gihe kirekire kandi kirenze ubushyuhe.
Aluminiyumu ya aluminiyumu yazamuye imbaraga za aluminiyumu nziza, insinga ya aluminiyumu irashobora gushyigikira metero 4000 z'uburemere, umugozi wumuringa ushobora gushyigikira metero 2750 gusa.Iyi nyungu igaragara cyane cyane mugukoresha inyubako nini nka stade.
Aluminium alloy ifite ibintu byiza cyane byunama, formula idasanzwe ya alloy formulaire, tekinoroji yo gutunganya, kuburyo guhinduka kwateye imbere cyane.Amavuta ya aluminiyumu yoroheje 30% kurusha umuringa na 40% adashobora kwihanganira umuringa.Mubisanzwe, radiyo yunamye ya kabili y'umuringa ni inshuro 10 ~ 20 z'umurambararo wo hanze, ariko radiyo yunamye ya kabili ya aluminium yikubye inshuro 7 gusa diameter, bityo biroroshye guhuza itumanaho.
Kubijyanye nubunini bwijwi ryonyine, aluminiyumu ntago ari nziza nkumuringa, ariko abayobora twateje imbere ntabwo bateye imbere gusa mubintu bifatika, ahubwo banateye intambwe nini mubuhanga, ni ubwambere mubushinwa ko coefficient de coiffe ishobora kugera kuri 0.93 naho coefficente yo guhuza umwirondoro irashobora kugera kuri 0.95.Binyuze kumipaka ntarengwa yo kugabanuka, irashobora gukora ibura rya aluminiyumu ivanze nubunini bwijwi, bigatuma intandaro yumuyoboro uhagaze nkumuyoboro ukomeye, biragaragara ko igabanya diameter yibanze, kunoza imikorere, diameter yo hanze yuyobora ni nini 10% gusa kurenza iy'umugozi wumuringa ku bushobozi bumwe bwo gutwara.
Dongguan Slocable Photovoltaic Technology Co, LTD.
Ongeraho Park Guangda Gukora Hongmei Ubumenyi n’ikoranabuhanga, No 9-2, Igice cya Hongmei, Umuhanda wa Wangsha, Umujyi wa Hongmei, Dongguan, Guangdong, Ubushinwa
TEL ： 0769-22010201
