Ukuze kuphunyezwe imigangatho yekhabhoni, i-carbon-neutral, i-China enkulu yokuphunyezwa komda wamandla!Ukuhla kwamandla eChina kuya kuchaphazela njani ikhonkco lokubonelela ngehlabathi kunye neshishini le-photovoltaic!

eTshayina's ukunqunyulwa kwamandla akukho mhlaba

1 Ngokunyuka kwexabiso lokunyuka kwamalahle, ukuveliswa kombane wamalahle eTshayina kudala soyisiwe.

Ukuveliswa kombane oyintloko kumandla okushisa kunye nombane wamanzi, obala i-90% yokuveliswa kwamandla ewonke, apho amandla ombane aphantsi kwe-72% , i-akhawunti ye-hydropower ye-18% , i-10% eseleyo yi-nuclear power 4% , amandla omoya 4.5% , amandla elanga 1.5% , amandla e-geothermal, amandla e-tidal, umbane we-bio ungahoywa.

Ukususela ngo-Matshi, i-stocks yamalahle iphantse iphindwe kabini, ithumela ixabiso lamalahle kwixesha eliphezulu.Oku kukhokelele ekwenyukeni okukhulu kweendleko zesikhululo samandla efosili kunye noxinzelelo lokulahlekelwa yimali

(Ijiko leXabiso lamalahle)

2 I-China ibone i-20.6 yeepesenti yotyando ekusetyenzisweni kwefektri njengoko imiyalelo yehlabathi ingena elizweni emva kokuqhambuka kwe-Asia-mpuma. ukuqalisa imveliso.Kwicala lokubonelela, amalahle anyukile, iindleko ziphezulu, kwaye kwicala lemfuno, imfuno yombane iphezulu.Lo ufika ahambe, ebangela uxinzelelo kumandla.

China imida imveliso!Ikhonkco lokubonelela ngehlabathi liyothusa!Iishelufa kwiivenkile ezinkulu zase-US nase-UK azinanto emva kwenye indawo yokuthenga

Iiodolo zehlabathi ziye zagcwala e-China emva kobhubhani kuMzantsi-mpuma Asia.Kutshanje, urhulumente waseTshayina uzame ukunyanzela amashishini "aphezulu, amandla asetyenziswa kakhulu kunye nokukhutshwa okuphezulu" ukuba baphucule amashishini abo kwaye baphume kwindawo yabo yokuthuthuzela ukunqanda ukuwela engxakini, urhulumente uye wabhengeza umgaqo-nkqubo wolawulo lokusingqongileyo olawula kabini. .

Amaphondo afana neGuangdong, iZhejiang kunye neJiangsu, eziye "zibizwe" yiKomishoni yoPhuhliso lweSizwe kunye noHlaziyo, ziye zazisa amanyathelo okunciphisa ukusetyenziswa kombane ukuqinisekisa ukuba ukujoliswa kabini kunokufezekiswa ngexesha elifanelekileyo.

Kwangaxeshanye, amanye amazwe aseYurophu nase-US, axhomekeke kwimveliso yase-Asia, abanjwe kuloyiko lokunyuka kwamaxabiso kunye noxinzelelo lokubonelela, njengoko abantu begcina iimfuno.

I-1 Costco ekuthengeni ixhala

Iishelufu e-Costco, elona khonkco likhulu laseMelika leevenkile ezingamalungu, azinanto kwakhona, ukuphakuzela kokuthenga okuqhutywa yingxaki yokubonelela kunye neendleko ezinyukayo zolungiselelo.

Kuba lixesha kanye apho amashishini aseMelika elungiselela ixesha leeholide ekupheleni konyaka, njengoko abathengi belungiselela ixesha leeholide kwaye baye evenkileni ukuya kuthatha izinto.

Kodwa amaxabiso anyukayo olungiselelo kunye nengxaki kwikhonkco lokubonelela zenza ukuba iimpahla zifumaneke kwaye, ngokungamangalisiyo, iishelufu ziyahluthwa.

Ukuphendula kwingxaki yokubonelela, ukuvulwa kweemarike kubhengeze ukuba i-United States iya kuba yindlu yangasese, iimveliso zokucoca kunye namanzi asebhotileni kunye nezinye izinto zendlu ukumisela kwakhona izithintelo.

2 USihlalo weFed uthi amaxabiso ayenyuka

"Uvavanyo lubonisa ukuba amakhaya aseMelika akholelwa ukuba amaxabiso azonyuka ngexesha elifutshane," utshilo usihlalo we-Powell kutshanje, egxininisa "ixesha elifutshane" kodwa inyaniso yokuba amakhaya ngokubanzi akholelwa ukuba amaxabiso aya kuqhubeka nokunyuka.

Igosa eliyintloko lezemali le-Costco elibizwa ngokuba ziindleko zolungiselelo “Umba wokunyuka kwamaxabiso exesha elide” kwifowuni yemivuzo, ukongeza kwindibaniselwano yokunyuka kweendleko zabasebenzi, ukunyuka kwemfuno yeemveliso namaxabiso aphezulu eemveliso, uxinzelelo lokunyuka kwamaxabiso luye lwaqatsela.

"Asikwazi ukunyamezela lonke uxinzelelo, kwaye ezinye zibophelelekile ukuba zidluliselwe kubathengi," watsho, eqikelela ukunyuka kwe-3.5-4.5 ekhulwini kwixabiso elipheleleyo leemveliso ezithengiswa ngokuvula abathengi.

Phakathi kwabo, ixabiso leemveliso zephepha lokusetyenziswa kwansuku zonke likhuphuke ngo-4% ukuya kwi-8%, kwaye ixabiso lemveliso yezilwanyana likhuphuke ngo-5% ukuya kwi-11%.Ukongezelela, ukuvulwa kweemarike kunonyaka ozayo ukwandisa umrhumo wobulungu wonyaka, ukunyuka malunga ne-8%.

Kwaye inkampani ngoku kufuneka isombulule ingxaki "kukunqongophala kwempahla.".Kwiinzame zokuthomalalisa “ingxaki yoRhwebo”, abarhwebi baya kuqesha iinqanawa ezintathu ezihamba elwandle ukuya nokubuya kuMntla Melika nase-Asia kulo nyaka uzayo, kodwa loo manyathelo asenokusilela kakhulu ekulungiseni ingxaki yobonelelo ngoko nangoko.

3 Ukutya okuphakuzelayo kwiivenkile ezinkulu zase-UK

Ngelo xesha, i-UK ijongene ne "Buying spree".

Ngokunyuka kwamaxabiso amandla, iBrexit, ukunqongophala kwabasebenzi, ukunqongophala kwabaqhubi beelori kunye nokunyuka okulindelweyo kwexabiso lentengo, amakhonkco okubonelela aqinile, iimpahla zinqabile kwaye iziselo kunye nenyama kwiivenkile ezinkulu zaseBritane zinqabile, kuye kwakho uloyiko lokuthengwa yiBritane. abahlali, uloyiko lokuthenga kwiivenkile ezinkulu zaseBritane, kwaye iishelufu ziye zathathwa.

Oku, kwakhona, kuya kuqhuba ukunyuka kwamaxabiso e-UK

I-inflation ye-CPI yeenyanga ze-12 inyuke ukuya kwiminyaka elithoba ephezulu ye-3.2 ekhulwini ngo-Agasti ukusuka kwi-2.0 yeepesenti ngoJulayi, ngokutsho kweBhanki yaseNgilani.

Ukuba ukunyuka kwamaxabiso kuhlala kuphezulu kwixesha eliphakathi, nokuba iBhanki yaseNgilani inqumle ukukhula kwayo kwikota yesithathu ukuya kwi-2.1% ukusuka kwi-2.9%, uqoqosho luya kubandezeleka.

4 Ukunyuka kwamaxabiso kwiindawo ezininzi zehlabathi

Eneneni, iingcinezelo zokunyuka kwamaxabiso sele zixhaphakile kumazwe ahambele phambili kwezoqoqosho.

I-Eurozone nayo ibambekile kwisiphithiphithi.

Ukunyuka kwamaxabiso nako kunyuke kakhulu kwi-eurozone ngenxa yombane obunzima.Ukunyuka kwamaxabiso amandla, njengegesi yendalo, kuye kwakhokelela ekunyukeni ngokukhawuleza kwamaxabiso ombane, ukunyanzela inani leenkampani zaseYurophu ukuba zinciphise imveliso kunye nokumisa imveliso, okukhokelela ekunqongopheni kwethemba kwi-European supply chain.

Umbutho weNtsebenziswano yezoQoqosho kunye nophuhliso ulindele ukunyuka kwamaxabiso kwi-eurozone ukuba ibe yinto ephezulu kwikota yesine.

Ukongeza eUnited States, i-United Kingdom, i-Eurozone, iRashiya yangoku, iBrazil, i-Indiya, iTurkey, i-South Korea, i-New Zealand, i-Malaysia, i-Thailand kunye namanye amazwe anoxinzelelo olunzima kakhulu lokunyuka kwamaxabiso.

Ngobhedu, i-aluminium kunye namanye amaxabiso aphezulu ezinto ezininzi, imboni ye-photovoltaic apho iya khona

Nangona ixabiso lamalahle liye lanyuka, kwaye ukuze kuphunyezwe ukungathathi hlangothi kwekhabhoni, ikhabhoni iye yanda.Kwixesha elizayo, kufuneka siphuhlise ngamandla ukuveliswa kwamandla e-photovoltaic

Ngokunyuka kwamaxabiso ehlabathi, amaxabiso azo zonke izinto eziluhlaza ziya kunyuka kuphela, oku kuthetha ukuba imboni ye-PV iya kufuneka iqale ukucinga ngeendleko, kuba i-PV iyimithombo yamandla ecocekileyo, ehlaziyiweyo, kodwa ngezakhono zobuchwepheshe zangoku, ukusebenza kakuhle kwesizukulwana se-photovoltaic. ayikaphakami ngokwaneleyo.

1 Izithintelo ezinkulu zaseTshayina kusetyenziso lombane zibophelelekile ukuba zikhokelele ekwehleni komthamo wemveliso kunye nokuvalwa kwamashishini amancinci kunye namancinci.

Iikhemikhali, intsimbi ekrwada, amalahle ashushu kunye nezinye izinto zorhwebo ziye zanda kakhulu, iimveliso zemathiriyeli ekrwada ziphantse zahambelana nokunyuka kwamaxabiso.Oku akuzange kukhokelele ekwenyukeni kwamaxabiso ezinto zoshishino, ukunyuka kwamaxabiso ezinto ezisetyenziswayo kunye nobunzima bokunyusa amaxabiso kwiindawo ezisezantsi zempahla yemizi-mveliso, nto leyo ethetha ukuba lonke icandelo lemveliso “Ukufumana amandla kodwa akwenzi. imali”.Uxakeke yimveliso, kodwa inzuzo iyancipha.Ingabonwa ukuba amashishini okuvelisa amashishini angaphandle ajongana nemeko engaqhelekanga: kwelinye icala iodolo ye-Crazy Drop, kwelinye icala kukuthatha iiodolo kodwa ungenzi mali.

Nangona imathiriyeli ekrwada inyukile, ixabiso lempahla eyenziweyo esezantsi liya kuxhomekeka ekuboneleleni nasekufuneni, hayi kwiindleko kuphela.Ngapha koko, ngenxa yobhubhane ogquba eYurophu nase-United States, imfuno yabathengi iyonke iphantsi kakhulu.Isizathu sokuba amandla okwenza i-China kunye nee-odolo zokuthumela ngaphandle zingekho kwiitshathi kungenxa yokuba ubhubhani waphesheya kolwandle uphazamise amashishini emveliso aphesheya, oku kunyanzelise abanye abavelisi baphesheya ukuba babeke iiodolo kumandla okuvelisa kuphela ehlabathi ukuqulatha ukuqhambuka.

Ukunyuka okukhoyo ngoku kwimpahla ethunyelwa ngaphandle kufana nokubuyela umva kuqoqosho lwehlabathi olubuthathaka.Kukho imeko engaqhelekanga apho amaxabiso ezinto eziluhlaza afikelela phezulu anyuke, kodwa amaxabiso kwiindawo ezisezantsi ahlala engatshintshi.Enyanisweni, ukunyuka kwamaxabiso akhoyo ngoku kumaxabiso ezinto ekrwada ngokwako akuyontengiso eqhelekileyo.

Ke ikamva lokunyuka kwexabiso lemveliso ye-PV enkulu kufuneka lingenakuphepheka

I-2 ye-aluminium alloy cable sisisombululo esihle kakhulu

Intambo ye-Copper-core ithatha inzuzo epheleleyo kwimarike yentambo.Inzuzo ye-copper-core cable ayininzi, kodwa ixabiso lobhedu alikwazi ukuhoywa, okukhokelela ekunyuseni kweendleko zokuvelisa.Kwaye akukho lula ukwakha.Ngoko ke, kwiminyaka yakutshanje siphendukela kwizinto eziphathekayo ze-aluminium.Iintambo yealluminiyamiphakame ngequbuliso, ifumane intengiso ubabalo, umsebenzisi wentambo yobhedu engundoqo unokuba nombuzo, intambo yealluminiyam ingathatha indawo ye-aluminiyam core cable?Xa kuthelekiswa nentambo yesiko lobhedu, zeziphi iingenelo ezibalaseleyo zentambo yealluminiyam?

1. Amandla okuqina kunye nobude

Xa kuthelekiswa nomqhubi we-aluminium ococekileyo, umqhubi we-aluminium we-alloy, ngenxa yokongezwa kwamacandelo akhethekileyo kunye nokusetyenziswa kwetheknoloji ekhethekileyo yokucubungula, kuphuculwe kakhulu amandla okuqina, ukunyusa ukuya kuma-30%, ukusetyenziswa okukhuselekileyo nokuthembekileyo.

2. Ukuxhathisa i-creep

Xa kuthelekiswa ne-aluminiyam ecocekileyo, ukuxhathisa kwe-creep ye-aluminium conductor iphuculwe ngama-300%, kwaye ingxaki yokuphumla ebangelwa ukuhamba okubandayo okanye i-creep iyagwenywa.

3. I-Coefficient yokwandiswa kwe-thermal

I-Coefficient yokwandiswa kwe-thermal isetyenziselwa ukubala ubungakanani bezinto eziphathekayo njengoko ubushushu buguquka.I-alloys ye-aluminium ine-Coefficient efanayo yokwandiswa kwe-thermal njengobhedu, kwaye izixhumi ze-aluminium ziye zasetyenziswa ngokuthembekileyo kwi-copper kunye ne-aluminium conductors iminyaka, kwaye uninzi lweziqhagamshelo zombane ezisetyenziswayo namhlanje zenziwe nge-aluminium, efanelekileyo kakhulu kwi-alloys ye-aluminium.Ngoko i-aluminium conductor kunye nekhonkco yandisa kwaye ikhontrakthi efanayo.

4. Ukumelana nokubola

Ukuxhathisa okungokwemvelo kwe-aluminiyam kungenxa yokwakheka komgangatho obhityileyo, owomeleleyo we-oxide xa umphezulu we-aluminiyam udibana nomoya, oxhathisa ngokukodwa kwiintlobo ezahlukeneyo zokuhlwa.Izinto ezinqabileyo zomhlaba ezongeziweyo kwi-alloy zinokuphucula ngakumbi ukuxhathisa ukubola kwe-aluminium alloy, ngakumbi i-electrochemical corrosion.Ubuchule beAluminiyam bokumelana nemekobume erhabaxa bukhokelele ekusetyenzisweni kwayo ngokubanzi kwii-conductor zeentambo ezikwipallets, nakwizinto ezininzi zoshishino kunye nezikhongozeli.I-Corrosion idla ngokudityaniswa nokudityaniswa kwezinyithi ezahlukeneyo kwindawo efumileyo kwaye inokuthintelwa ngokusetyenziswa kwamanyathelo afanelekileyo okukhusela, afana ne-lubricant, i-antioxidants kunye neengubo zokukhusela.Imihlaba enealkaline kunye nezinye iindidi zomhlaba ezineasidi ziyonakalisa kakhulu ialuminiyam, ngoko ke iiconductors zealuminiyam ezingcwatywe ngqo kufuneka zigqunywe okanye zibunjwe ukunqanda ukubola.Kwiindawo ezinesalfure, ezinje ngeetonela zikaloliwe kunye nezinye iindawo ezifanayo, iialloyi ze-aluminiyam ziyakwazi ukumelana nokudleka kunobhedu.

5. Uqhagamshelwano

Ukudityaniswa kombane okwenziwa ngama-alloys e-aluminium kukhuselekile kwaye kuzinzile njengazo zenziwe ngabaqhubi bethusi.Ukubunjwa kwe-aluminium alloy kuphucula kakhulu ukudibanisa kwayo.Xa umqhubi we-annealed, intsimbi eyongeziweyo ivelisa ukuxhathisa kwe-creep yamandla aphezulu, okuqinisekisa ukuzinza koqhagamshelwano nangaphantsi kwexesha elide kunye nokushisa.

6. Umthamo oqinileyo wokuzithwala

I-alloy ye-aluminium iphucule amandla e-tensile ye-aluminiyam ecocekileyo, intambo ye-aluminium ye-alloy inokuxhasa i-4000 yeemitha zobunzima, intambo yobhedu inokuxhasa kuphela i-2750 yeemitha.Olu ncedo lubonakala ngokukodwa kwiintambo zezakhiwo ezibanzi ezifana nebala lemidlalo.

7. Ukuba bhetyebhetye

Ingxubevange yeAluminiyam ineempawu zokugoba ezilungileyo kakhulu, ifomula yayo ekhethekileyo ye-alloy, iteknoloji yokucubungula, ukwenzela ukuba ukuguquguquka kuphuculwe kakhulu.I-alloys ye-aluminiyam yi-30% eguquguqukayo ngakumbi kunobhedu kunye ne-40% engaphantsi kokuqina kunobhedu.Ngokubanzi, iradiyasi yokugoba yentambo yobhedu yi-10 ~ 20 amaxesha angaphandle ububanzi, kodwa iradiyasi yokugoba yentambo ye-aluminium iphindwe ka-7 kuphela ububanzi obungaphandle, ngoko kulula ukudibanisa iitheminali.

8. Iimpawu zoxinzelelo

Ngokubhekiselele kwi-conductivity yomthamo wedwa, i-alloy ye-aluminium ayilungile njengobhedu, kodwa abaqhubi esiye baphuhlisa abazange baphucule kuphela kwiipropati eziphathekayo, kodwa baphinde baqhubela phambili kwi-teknoloji, lixesha lokuqala e-China ukuba i-coefficient yokudibanisa ingakwazi. ukufikelela kwi-0.93 kunye ne-coefficient yokudibanisa yeprofayili inokufikelela kwi-0.95.Ngokusebenzisa umda wokucinezela ubuninzi, inokwenza ukunqongophala kwe-aluminium ingxubevange kwi-conductivity yevolumu, yenza i-conductor core edibeneyo njengomqhubi oqinileyo, ngokucacileyo ukunciphisa ububanzi obungundoqo, ukuphucula i-conductivity, i-diameter yangaphandle ye-conductor yi-10% kuphela enkulu. kunaleyo yentambo yobhedu kumthamo ofanayo wokuthwala wangoku.