Ihame ryibikoresho byo gukingira

Intangiriro

Igikoresho cyo gukingira (SPD), bizwi kandi nka“Ufata inkuba”or “Igikoresho cyo gukingira birenze urugero”, ni Igikoresho cyingirakamaro mukurinda inkuba ibikoresho bya elegitoroniki.Igikorwa cyayo ni ukugabanya umuvuduko ukabije wumurongo wumurongo wumurongo wumurongo wumurongo wumurongo wumurongo wumurongo wumurongo wumurongo wumurongo wumurongo wumurongo wumurongo wumurongo wumurongo wumurongo wumurongo wumuriro wumuriro wumuriro wumuriro wumuriro wumuriro wumuriro wumuriro. .

Ingano ya porogaramu ya SPD ahanini irinda ingufu za sisitemu yo gukwirakwiza no gukwirakwiza amashanyarazi make hamwe no gukwirakwiza umurongo wo gukwirakwiza ibimenyetso bya sisitemu yamakuru ya elegitoroniki.Icya mbere ni uguhagarika inkuba ya electromagnetic pulse (EMP-RRB- ituruka kumuzunguruko w'amashanyarazi, naho iyanyuma ni uguhagarika imbogamizi ya EMP ituruka kumuzunguruko.Ibintu byombi birinda ibikoresho bya sisitemu yamakuru ya elegitoroniki, ibikoresho.

Ibigize

Ubwoko n'imiterere ya aIgikoresho cyo gukingirabiratandukanye kubwimpamvu zitandukanye, ariko bigomba kuba byibuze byibuze ikintu kimwe kitagira umurongo ugabanya imbaraga.Ibice byingenzi bigize ibikoresho byo gukingira Surge ni ibyuma bya oxyde oxyde (MOV), silicon avalanche diode cyangwa diode ya TRANSORB, umuyoboro wuzuye gaze, nibindi.

1.Kubwibyo, ibikoresho byo kurinda Surge byateguwe na MOV ntibikwiye kurinda ibikoresho byoroshye hamwe na microprocessor.Igishushanyo ubu gikoreshwa muri 90% byabashinzwe kurinda ibicuruzwa biriho ku isoko.

2) diode ya avalanche cyangwa TRANSORB diode isubiza vuba kurusha MOV kandi yunvikana kubayimuye, ariko ubushobozi ntarengwa bwiki kintu nabwo ni buto cyane ugereranije nubwa MOV buciriritse.

3) umuyoboro wuzuye gaze ufite igihe kirekire cyo gusubiza, ariko irashobora gukuramo imbaraga nyinshi zamashanyarazi, kandi muri rusange yateguwe nka a“Inzira yanyuma”igipimo cyo guhagarika amashanyarazi ya AC, kubuza kwinjiza ingufu zidasanzwe zitayungurujwe nicyiciro kibanza.

Uburyo ikora

Kuva'saIgikoresho cyo gukingira, reka's Gutangira na surge.Surge izwi kandi nka surge, nkuko izina ribivuga rirenze imbaraga zisanzwe zikora za voltage ya ako kanya.Mu byingenzi, kwiyongera ni impyisi ikaze ibaho muri miriyoni nkeya yisegonda kandi irashobora guterwa nibikoresho biremereye, imiyoboro migufi, amashanyarazi cyangwa moteri nini.Ibicuruzwa hamwe nabafata surge bifata neza imbaraga zitunguranye zo kurinda ibikoresho bihuza ibyangiritse.

Ukurikije ihame ryakazi, Igikoresho cyo gukingira Surge kirashobora kugabanywa muburyo bwo guhinduranya, ubwoko bwa voltage bugabanya, ubwoko bwa shunt cyangwa ubwoko bwa choke:

1) guhinduranya ubwoko: ikora nkimbogamizi ndende mugihe ntamashanyarazi arenze urugero, ariko ikimara gusubiza inkuba irenze urugero, impedance yayo ihinduka gitunguranye ku giciro gito, bigatuma umurabyo unyura.Ibikoresho bikoreshwa muri ibyo bikoresho ni: Gusohora icyuho, umuyoboro wuzuye gaze, thyristor, nibindi.

2) kugabanya imipaka ya voltage: ikora nka impedance yo hejuru mugihe ntamashanyarazi arenze urugero, ariko impedance yayo iragabanuka hamwe no kwiyongera kwa inrush ya voltage na voltage, kandi ibiranga ubu na voltage birasa cyane.Ibikoresho bikoreshwa muri ibyo bikoresho birimo okiside ya zinc, varistors, transode-voltage-suppression diode, diode ya avalanche, nibindi.

3) gutandukana cyangwa kuniga ubwoko

Ubwoko bwa Shunt: muburyo bubangikanye nibikoresho bikingiwe, birerekana inzitizi nkeya kumurabyo no kubangamira cyane akazi gasanzwe;ubwoko bwa choke: murukurikirane hamwe nibikoresho bikingiwe, birerekana inzitizi nyinshi kumurabyo, ariko kumurongo usanzwe wakazi ugaragaza inzitizi nke.Ibikoresho bikoreshwa muri ibyo bikoresho birimo ibishishwa bya choke, hejuru-yungurura, iyungurura-rito, hamwe na kimwe cya kane-cy'uburebure.