Nheyo yemudziyo wekudzivirira wekuvhiya

Nhanganyaya

Surge kudzivirira Chishandiso (SPD), inozivikanwawo se“Mubati wemheni”or “Overvoltage kudzivirira Chishandiso”, chinhu chakakosha Chishandiso mukudzivirira mheni yemidziyo yemagetsi.Basa rayo ndere kudzikamisa iyo inopfuura pamusoro-voltage mumutsara wemagetsi uye chiratidzo chekufambisa tambo kusvika kune iyo midziyo kana sisitimu inogona kutakura, kana kuburitsa mheni yakasimba iripo muvhu, kuchengetedza michina yakachengetedzwa kana masisitimu kubva mukukuvadzwa nekuvhunduka. .

Iyo chiyero chekushandisa cheSPD inonyanya kuchengetedza simba reyakadzika-voltage magetsi ekupa uye kugovera sisitimu uye chiratidzo chekutumira mutsara kuchengetedzwa kwemagetsi ruzivo system.Iyo yekutanga ndeyekudzvanya mheni electromagnetic pulse interference (EMP-RRB- ichibva kumagetsi emagetsi, uye yekupedzisira ndeyekudzvanya EMP emp kukanganiswa kunobva kuchiratidzo chedunhu. Zvese zviri zviviri chinhu chekudzivirira imagetsi eruzivo system midziyo, zvishandiso.

Composition

Mhando uye chimiro che aSurge kudzivirira Chishandisoinosiyana nezvinangwa zvakasiyana, asi inofanirwa kunge iine imwechete isina mutsara voltage inodzikamisa chinhu.Izvo zvakakosha zveSurge kudzivirira Zvishandiso isimbi oxide varistor (MOV) , ​​silicon avalanche diode kana TRANSORB diode, gasi-yakazadzwa chubhu, nezvimwe.

1) MOV inobudirira surge suppressor, inonyanya kushandiswa kudzivirira njodzi kukuvadza kumidziyo, asi inoda nguva yekupindura, izvo zvinoreva kuti nguva shoma shoma yepamusoro-soro inogona kupinda mumudziyo usati waitwa.Naizvozvo, iyo Surge yekudzivirira Chishandiso chakagadzirwa neMOV haina kukodzera kuchengetedza inonzwisa midziyo ine microprocessor.Iyi dhizaini parizvino inoshandiswa mu90% yeazvino anodzivirira ekudzivirira pamusika.

2) maavalanche diode kana TRANSORB diode anopindura nekukurumidza kupfuura MOV uye anonzwa kune zvishoma, asi huwandu hwepamusoro hwechinhu ichi zvakare hudiki kwazvo pane hwepakati nepakati MOV.

3) chubhu yakazadzwa negasi ine nguva yakareba yekupindura, asi inokwanisa kutora huwandu hwakawanda hwesimba rekuwedzera, uye inowanzogadzirwa se“Yekupedzisira sarudzo”chiyero chekudzvanyirira AC surge currents, kudzivirira kupinda kwemasurges emagetsi asina kusefa nedanho rakapfuura.

Zvinoshanda sei

Kubva ipapo'saSurge kudzivirira Chishandiso, regai's kutanga nekuvhiya.Surge inozivikanwawo sekuvhiya, sezvinoreva zita iri kupfuura yakajairwa yekushanda voltage yeiyo pakarepo overvoltage.Chaizvoizvo, kuvhiya imhepo ine chisimba inoitika mumamiriyoni mashoma esekondi uye inogona kukonzerwa nemidziyo inorema, mapfupi maseketi, magetsi emagetsi kana injini hombe.Zvigadzirwa zvine masurge arresters zvinonyatso tora kusimuka kwesimba kudzivirira maturusi ekubatanidza kubva mukukuvadzwa.

Zvinoenderana nemusimboti wekushanda, iyo Surge yekudzivirira Chishandiso inogona kukamurwa kuita shanduko yemhando, voltage-inomisa mhando, shunt mhando kana choke mhando:

1) chinja rudzi: inoshanda senge yakakwira impedance kana pasina overvoltage yenguva pfupi, asi painongopindura kune mheni inopfuudza overvoltage, impedance yayo inongoerekana yachinja kuita yakaderera kukosha, ichibvumira mheni ikozvino kupfuura.Zvishandiso zvinoshandiswa mumidziyo yakadaro ndezvi: Discharge Gap, tube yakazara-gasi, thyristor, nezvimwewo.

2) voltage inodzikamisa mhando: inoshanda seyakakwira impedance kana pasina overvoltage yenguva pfupi, asi impedance yayo inodzikira nekuwedzera kweinrush yazvino uye voltage, uye maitiro ayo azvino uye voltage haana mutsara.Zvishandiso zvinoshandiswa mumidziyo yakadaro zvinosanganisira zinc oxide, varistors, transient-voltage-suppression diode, avalanche diode, nezvimwewo.

3) kupatsanura kana kukachidza mhando

Shunt mhando: mukuwirirana nemidziyo yakadzivirirwa, inopa yakaderera impedance kune mheni impulse uye yakakwirira impedance kune yakajairika kushanda frequency;choke type: munhevedzano nemidziyo yakadzivirirwa, inopa yakakwira impedance kumheni, asi kune yakajairika kushanda frequency inopa yakaderera impedance.Midziyo inoshandiswa mumidziyo yakadai inosanganisira kukoira, high-pass filter, low-pass filter, uye quarter-wavelength short circuits.