Umgaqo wesixhobo sokukhusela utyando

Intshayelelo

Isixhobo soKhuseleko lweSurgery (SPD) , eyaziwa ngokuba“Ukubamba umbane”or “Isixhobo sokukhusela umbane”, Sisixhobo esiyimfuneko ekukhuseleni umbane wezixhobo zombane.Umsebenzi wayo kukunciphisa i-voltage edlulayo kwintambo yombane kunye nomgca wokuhambisa umqondiso kuluhlu olunokuthi isixhobo okanye inkqubo ikwazi ukuthwala, okanye ukukhupha umbane onamandla okhoyo emhlabeni, ukukhusela izixhobo ezikhuselweyo okanye iinkqubo emonakalweni ngenxa yokothuka. .

Umda wesicelo se-SPD ikakhulu ukhuseleko lwamandla ombane ophantsi-i-voltage kunye nenkqubo yokuhambisa kunye nokhuseleko lomgca wokuhambisa umqondiso wenkqubo yolwazi lombane.Eyangaphambili kukucinezela uphazamiseko lombane we-electromagnetic pulse (EMP-RRB- evela kwisekethe yonikezelo lwamandla, kwaye le yokugqibela kukucinezela uphazamiseko lwe-EMP emp oluvela kwisekethe yomqondiso Zombini into yokhuseleko sisixhobo solwazi lwe-elektroniki, izixhobo.

Ukuqamba

Uhlobo kunye nolwakhiwo lwe-aIsixhobo soKhuseleko lweSurgeryiyahluka ngeenjongo ezahlukeneyo, kodwa kufuneka iqulathe ubuncinci into enye engasebenziyo yokunciphisa umbane.Amacandelo aphambili Izixhobo zokukhusela i-Surgery ziyi-metal oxide varistor (MOV) , ​​i-silicon avalanche diode okanye i-TRANSORB diodes, i-tube egcwele igesi, njl.

I-1) I-MOV yi-surge suppressor esebenzayo, esetyenziselwa ukukhusela umonakalo onobungozi kwizixhobo, kodwa ifuna ixesha lokuphendula, oku kuthetha ukuba ixesha elifutshane kakhulu lesantya esiphezulu sinokungena kwisixhobo ngaphambi kokuba isiphaluka somqobo sisebenze.Ke ngoko, iDivaysi yoKhuseleko lweSurgery eyilwe yi-MOV ayifanelekanga ukukhusela izixhobo ezibuthathaka nge-microprocessor.Olu yilo ngoku lusetyenziswa kuma-90% okhuselo lwangoku lwangoku kwimarike.

2) i-avalanche diode okanye i-TRANSORB diode iphendula ngokukhawuleza kune-MOV kwaye ivakalelwa kwizinto ezidlulayo, kodwa ubukhulu bomthamo wale elementi buncinci kakhulu kunobuphakathi be-MOV.

3) ityhubhu ezaliswe yigesi inexesha elide lokuphendula, kodwa inokufunxa inani elikhulu lokunyuka kwamandla, kwaye ngokuqhelekileyo iyilwe njenge“Ukuncamela Okokugqibela”umlinganiselo wokucinezela imisinga yokunyuka kwe-AC, ukuthintela ukungena kwamandla ombane angahluzwanga kwinqanaba langaphambili.

Ingaba isebenza kanjani

Ukusukela oko'saIsixhobo soKhuseleko lweSurgery, vumela's qala ngokutyabula.I-Surge ekwabizwa ngokuba yi-surge, njengoko igama lithetha ukuba ingaphaya kwamandla ombane osebenzayo we-overvoltage ekhawulezileyo.Ngokusisiseko, i-surge yi-pulse enobundlobongela eyenzeka kwizigidi ezimbalwa zesekondi kwaye inokubangelwa zizixhobo ezinzima, iisekethe ezimfutshane, ukutshintshwa kwamandla okanye iinjini ezinkulu.Iimveliso ezinezithinteli zokuqhafaza zithatha ngokufanelekileyo ukunyuka kwamandla ngokukhawuleza ukukhusela izixhobo zokudibanisa emonakalweni.

Ngokomgaqo wokusebenza, iSixhobo soKhuseleko lweSurgery sinokwahlulwa sibe luhlobo lokutshintsha, uhlobo lokunciphisa amandla ombane, uhlobo lwe-shunt okanye uhlobo lokuminxa:

1) uhlobo lokutshintsha: lusebenza njenge-impedance ephezulu xa kungekho overvoltage edlulayo, kodwa ngokukhawuleza ukuba iphendule kwi-overvoltage edlulayo yombane, i-impedance yayo itshintshe ngokukhawuleza kwixabiso eliphantsi, ivumela umbane wombane ukuba udlule.Izixhobo ezisetyenziselwa izixhobo ezinjalo zi: Ukukhupha i-Gap, i-tube egcwele igesi, i-thyristor, njl.

2) Uhlobo lokunciphisa amandla ombane: lusebenza njenge-impedance ephezulu xa kungekho overvoltage edlulayo, kodwa i-impedance yayo iyancipha ngokunyuka kwe-inrush yangoku kunye ne-voltage, kwaye iimpawu zayo zangoku kunye ne-voltage azikho mgca kakhulu.Izixhobo ezisetyenziswe kwizixhobo ezinjalo ziquka i-zinc oxide, i-varistors, i-transient-voltage-suppression diode, i-avalanche diode, njl.

3) ukwahlula okanye ukuminxa uhlobo

Uhlobo lwe-Shunt: ngokuhambelana nezixhobo ezikhuselweyo, zibonakalisa i-impedance ephantsi kwimpembelelo yombane kunye ne-impedance ephezulu kwi-frequency yokusebenza eqhelekileyo;uhlobo lokuminxa: kuthotho olunezixhobo ezikhuselweyo, lubonisa ukunyanzeliswa okuphezulu kwimpembelelo yombane, kodwa kwi-frequency yesiqhelo yokusebenza ibonelela nge-impedance ephantsi.Izixhobo ezisetyenziswa kwizixhobo ezinjalo ziquka iikhoyili zokukrwitsha, isihluzo sokupasa okuphezulu, isihluzo esisezantsi, kunye neesekethe ezimfutshane zekota.