Nei photovoltaic simba rekugadzira rinogona kutora chinzvimbo chinotungamira mukuvandudzwa kwesimba rekugadzira simba?

Vatengi, maindasitiri, uye hurumende vese vari kutora matanho ekuwedzera kushandiswa kwesimba rinowanikwazve.Izvi zviri kusundidzira kugadzirwa kwemagetsi uye kugovera sisitimu kubva kune yepakati hub-uye-yakataura architecture kune yakawedzera grid-yakavakirwa munharaunda magetsi kugadzirwa uye mashandisirwo, uye yakagadzikana kupihwa uye kudiwa kuburikidza nehuchenjeri grid yekubatanidza.

Sekureva kweInternational Energy Agency's (IEA) Gumiguru 2019 chirevo chemafuta,panosvika 2024, kugadzirwa kwesimba rinogoneka kuchawedzera ne50%.

Izvi zvinoreva kuti pasi rose renewable renewable simba rekugadzira simba richawedzera ne1200GW, iyo yakaenzana neiyo ikozvino yakaiswa simba reUnited States.Chirevo chinofanotaura kuti 60% yekuwedzera kwekugadzirwa kwesimba remagetsi kuchave nenzira ye solar photovoltaic equipment.

Chirevo ichi chinosimbisawo kukosha kwekugovera photovoltaic magetsi ekugadzira masisitimu, sezvo vatengi, zvivako zvekutengesa uye zvivako zvemaindasitiri zvinotanga kugadzira magetsi pachavo.Inofanotaura kuti ne2024, yakagoverwa photovoltaic simba rekugadzira richapfuura kaviri kusvika kune 500 GW.Izvi zvinoreva kutiyakagoverwa photovoltaic simba rekugadzira richaita inenge hafu yekukura kwese kwezuva photovoltaic simba rekugadzira..

Solar advantage

Sei solar photovoltaic simba rekugadzira richitora nzvimbo inotungamira mukukura kwesimba remagetsi rekugadzira?

Chimwe chikonzero chiri pachena ndechokuti zuva rinotivhenekera tose, saka simba raro rinoshandiswa zvikuru.Izvi zvinounza kugadzirwa kwemagetsi pedyo nekushandiswa kwemagetsi uye kunoendesa simba kune off-grid point, iyo inonyanya kubatsira mukuderedza kurasikirwa kwekugovera magetsi.

Chimwe chikonzero chiri pachena ndechekutikune simba rezuva rakawanda.Pane misiyano yakawanda isinganyatsooneki mukuverenga kuti pasi rinowana simba rakawanda sei kubva kuzuva.Mutemo wechigunwe ndewekuti avhareji yegungwa i1kW paskweya mita pazuva rakajeka, kana zvinhu zvakaita semazuva/husiku kutenderera, kona yechiitiko, uye mwaka zvichitariswa, avhareji iri paskweya mita pazuva.M6kWh.

Solar maseru anoshandisa photoelectric effect kushandura chiitiko chiedza kuita magetsi emagetsi nenzira yerukova rwemafotoni.Mapikicha anotorwa ne semiconductor zvinhu zvakaita sedoped silicon, uye simba rawo rinofadza maerekitironi kubva kumamorekuru kana atomic orbitals.Maerekitironi aya anobva asununguka kubvisa simba rakawandisa sekupisa uye kudzokera kunzira yaro, kana kupararira kune electrode uye kuva chikamu chezvino kuti abvise mutsauko unogona kuita pa electrode.

Sezvineiwo maitiro ese ekushandura simba, haasi ese emagetsi ekuisa kune solar maseru anobuda nenzira yaanofarira yesimba remagetsi.Muchokwadi, kugona kwesimba kwemonocrystalline silicon solar masero kwave kutenderera pakati pe20% ne25% kwemakore mazhinji.Zvisinei, mukana we solar photovoltaics wakakura zvokuti boka rekutsvakurudza rave richishanda kwemakumi emakore kuti rishandise kuwedzera kuoma zvivako uye zvinhu zvekuvandudza kushandiswa kwesero rekushandura, sezvinoratidzwa mumufananidzo uyu neNREL.

Kuwana simba repamusoro rinoratidzwa rinowanzo kudhura kushandisa akawanda akasiyana zvinhu uye zvakanyanya kuoma uye zvinodhura nzira dzekugadzira.

Mazhinji solar photovoltaic zvishandiso zvinoenderana nemhando dzakasiyana dzecrystalline silicon kana mafirimu matete esilicon, cadmium telluride kana copper indium gallium selenide, ine shanduko inoshanda ye20% kusvika 30%.Bhatiri inovakwa mumodule, uye mugadziri anogona kushandisa mamodule aya seyakakosha unit kuvaka solar photovoltaic simba rekugadzira system.

Dambudziko rekushanda kwemagetsi

Photovoltaic shanduko inoshandura kilowatts echiitiko chesimba rezuva pane imwe neimwe square mita yepasi kuita 200 kusvika 300 W emagetsi emagetsi.Zvechokwadi, izvi zviri pasi pemamiriro ezvinhu akanaka.Nekudaro, iko kutendeuka kunoshanda kunogona kuderedzwa nekuda kwezvikonzero zvinotevera: mvura, chando uye guruva zvakaiswa pamusoro pebhatiri, pesvedzero yekuchembera kwezvinhu zve semiconductor, uye kuwedzera kwemumvuri nekuda kwekushanduka kwezvakatipoteredza sekukura kwezvinomera. kana kuvakwa kwezvivako zvitsva.

Nokudaro, chokwadi ndechokuti kunyange zvazvo simba rezuva rakasununguka, kushandiswa kwesimba rezuva kuunza simba rinoshandiswa remagetsi rinoda kunyatsogadziriswa kwechikamu chimwe nechimwe chekuunganidza, kuchengetedza, uye kutendeuka kwekupedzisira kuva simba remagetsi.Imwe yemikana mikuru yekuvandudza simba rekushandisa ndiyo dhizaini yeinverter, iyo inoshandura iyo DC kubuda kweiyo solar array (kana bhatiri rekuchengetedza) kuita AC ikozvino kuti ishandiswe zvakananga kana kutapurirana kuburikidza negridi.

Iyo inverter inoshandura polarity yeDC yekupinza ikozvino kuti iite pedyo nekubuda kwe AC.Iyo yakakwirira yekuchinja frequency, iyo yakakwirira yekutendeuka inoshanda.Shanduko yakapusa inogona kuburitsa square wave kubuda iyo inogona kutyaira inopokana, asi iine harmonics, inokuvadza yakanyanya kuomarara michina yemagetsi inofambiswa ne pure sine wave AC.Naizvozvo, inverter dhizaini yave kiyi yekuenzanisa.Kune rimwe divi,kuwedzera shanduko yekuchinja kuvandudza simba remagetsi, kushanda kwemagetsi uye kugadzira magetsi, pane rimwe divi,kuderedza mutengo wezvinhu zvinobatsira zvinoshandiswa kutsvedzerera sikweya wave.