'Oorhulumente banokuxhasa iigridi ezincinci ukuphumeza injongo yoPhuhliso oluZinzileyo ekufikeleleni kwamandla'

Oorhulumente kufuneka bagxininise kwiigridi ezincinci njengendlela yokuvumela ukufikelela kumbane othembekileyo kumakhulu ezigidi zabantu abangekabi nawo kwaye iigridi ezincinci ezisebenzisa isola kunye neebhetri zikhulile njengeklasi yetekhnoloji, kodwa ukuxhasa ngemali iiprojekthi ezinjalo kuhlala kuyingxaki. , ingxelo entsha ifunyenwe.

Malunga nezigidi ezingama-789 kwihlabathi jikelele abantu abakakwazi ukufikelela kumbane, nto leyo eyesixhenxe kwiiNjongo zoPhuhliso oluZinzileyo zamazwe ngamazwe (SDG) ezamkelwa ngo-2015 kwiNgqungquthela yoPhuhliso oluZinzileyo ye-UN.Ingxelo entsha, evela kwi-Sustainable Energy For All umbutho eyasungulwa yi-UN kwi-2011 ngokubambisana ne-Bloomberg New Energy Finance (BNEF), ithi i-mini-grids idla ngokuba yindleko ephantsi yokubonelela ukufikelela, kuphando olubanzi lwe-Sub-Saharan. I-Afrika, i-Asiya kunye nezizwe zeziqithi ezincinci, kunye nezifundo zeeprojekthi ezikhoyo kumazwe amathandathu.

Ukuhlangabezana nomceli mngeni we-SDG7, malunga ne-238 yezigidi zemizi kuloo mimandla iya kufuna ukufikelela kumbane ngo-2030. Ababhali bengxelo bafumanise ukuba malunga ne-111 yezigidi zemizi inokufakelwa umbane kwiminyaka eyi-10 ngeendleko ezimalunga ne-US$128 yezigidigidi, kunye neendleko eziqikelelwayo. yombane osuka kwi-solar hybrid mini-grids ebekwe malunga ne-US$0.49 ukuya kwi-US$0.68 nge-kWh nganye namhlanje.

Iigridi ezincinci zinokuba yeyona ndlela ingabizi kakhulu kwaye ikhawulezayo yokwakhiwa kwegridi ukuya kwiindawo ezisemaphandleni okanye kwiindawo ezikwanti, kwaye ukusuka malunga nama-60 elanga kunye ne-solar hybrid (ngokuqhelekileyo isola kunye nokugcinwa kwebhetri) ngo-2010 kwiingingqi ezivavanyiweyo, bekukho ngaphezu kwe-2,000 ekupheleni kuka February kulo nyaka.Malunga ne-60% yezo mini-grids zise-Asia, kwaye uninzi zisebenzisa amandla elanga aneebhetri.Okwangoku, malunga nesibini kwisithathu sazo iibhetri ze-asidi ze-lead kunye ne-thithium-ion yesithathu, kodwa ngokutsho kwengxelo ukuthathwa kwe-lithium-ion kuyanda njengomlinganiselo.

Thelekisa izinto ezinkulu ezinokuhlaziywa

Nangona kunjalo, i-mini-grid kunye nendawo yokufakelwa kombane emaphandleni ayizuzanga kuqoqosho olufanayo lobungakanani kunye nenkxaso yomgaqo-nkqubo eye yaba ngumba omkhulu ovumela izinto ezihlaziyiweyo ezinkulu kunye neziqhagamshelwe kwigridi, ezidla ngokuza neekontrakthi zokuthatha ixesha elide okanye ziye zaxhaswa ngenkxaso yeendleko zokuqala okanye inkcitho yokusebenza.

Kunzima kakhulu kubatyali-mali ukuba bafumane ukubonakala kwexesha elide kwimbuyekezo kunye nefuthe lenkxaso-mali yabo eya kuba nalo kwiigridi ezincinci kwaye icandelo lisaza kufezekisa "indawo yokufumana inqaku apho linokwandisa ngokukhawuleza ngaphandle kwenkxaso yenkxaso-mali", yatsho ingxelo.

Esinye isithintelo sesokuba iigridi ezincinci zikholisa ukuba phakathi kwe-10kW ukuya kwi-100kW umthamo wokuvelisa, ngamanye amaxesha ziba nkulu kwaye zifikelele kwi-megawatt-scale ukuba zinceda uluntu luphela.Ngokwahlukileyo, iiprojekthi zohlaziyo oluninzi zikholisa ukuqala malunga ne-1MW kwaye zinokunyuka ziye kuthi ga kwi-1,000MW, zinika ithuba lokwenza izivumelwano ezinkulu ezithandwa ngabaxhamli babucala, njengoko benokuhlawula iindleko ezinxulumene nentengiselwano ngaphezulu kwemithamo emikhulu yemali.Enye impendulo koku inokuba lutyalo-mali oludityanisiweyo lwepotfoliyo kwiigridi ezincinci.

Kungakho umgaqo-nkqubo ovumela umgaqo-nkqubo kwinqanaba likarhulumente, i-BNEF kunye ne-Sustainable Energy for All said, kubandakanywa inkxaso yemali ngokuthe ngqo.Zininzi iindlela ezinokubakho zoku, kodwa inkxaso-mali esekelwe kwiziphumo (RBF) – apho inkxaso-mali ihlawulwa ngokwamanqanaba axhomekeke kwimpumelelo – kukhethwa intlawulo epheleleyo kwangethuba xa iprojekthi iqalwa.

Abathathi-nxaxheba kushishino nabo banokuthatha amanyathelo, ababhali babhala, ngomqobo omnye omkhulu okwangoku ukunqongophala kwedatha, ngakumbi idatha engqina kwaye ithelekise impembelelo enokuthi ibe nayo i-mini-grids kuluntu, umgangatho wobomi kunye noqoqosho, singasathethi ke ngoku. iingeniso ezinokuthi zenziwe.

Ezinye iinkqubo zokufakelwa kombane kunye neenkampani ezinikezela ngombane zikwagxininisa ukuxhotyiswa kwezoqoqosho kuluntu lwabathengi babo njengokubenza bakwazi ukuqala amashishini besebenzisa amandla abo, ngelixa abanye abaphuhlisi banokuqinisekisa ukuba igridi encinci ecwangcisiweyo inomthengi ongathathi mbane kunye nemizi. .

Ngamafutshane, le ngxelo ithi ngelixa kukho umngeni ongaphambili, izikhokelo zomgaqo-nkqubo ezixhasayo, izenzo zoshishino oluvuthwayo kunye nolwazi lwezobuchwepheshe kunye nokubonakala kwempembelelo kubatyali-mali kunye nabaxhasi bophuhliso kungenza umehluko omkhulu ekuboneleleni ukufikelela kombane ngokuhambelana neenjongo zehlabathi. kuphuhliso oluzinzileyo.Ngaphandle kwemiqobo, imakethi iyaqhubeka nokukhula, kunye neeprojekthi ezingaphezu kwe-5,000 eziqhubekayo ezibalwe ngababhali bengxelo kwaye kwaphawulwa ukuba ngelixa ngaphambili yayiyindawo yeenkampani ezincinci kunye neeNGOs, uluhlu olubanzi lwabachaphazelekayo bayabandakanyeka kwi indawo yegridi encinci kubandakanywa abadlali abakhulu becandelo lamandla elifa.