China ndi United States zimagwirira ntchito limodzi, photovoltaic idzakumana ndi mwayi

Pa Disembala 12, 2020, Mlembi Wamkulu Xi Jinping adalengeza m'mawu ake ofunikira akuti "Kupitiliza zam'mbuyomu ndikutsegula njira yatsopano yothanirana ndi kusintha kwanyengo padziko lonse lapansi": Pofika chaka cha 2030, mpweya woipa wa carbon dioxide ku China pa gawo lililonse la GDP udzatsika kwambiri. kuposa 65% poyerekeza ndi 2005. Non-fossil mphamvu adzakhala nkhani pafupifupi 25% ya ntchito yaikulu mphamvu, nkhalango kudzikundikira 6 biliyoni kiyubiki metres poyerekeza ndi 2005, ndipo okwana anaika mphamvu.mphamvu ya mphepo ndi mphamvu ya dzuwa idzafika pa ma kilowatts oposa 1.2 biliyoni.

Pa Disembala 13, a Biden, m'modzi mwa oyimira pulezidenti waku US, adanena pawailesi yakanema kuti alowa nawo Pangano la Paris patatha masiku 39, tsiku loyamba kukhazikitsidwa kwake, ndipo adadzipereka kuti United States ikwaniritse mpweya wowonjezera kutentha pofika chaka cha 2050. "zero emission".Izi zikugwirizana ndi zomwe Biden adanena kale kuti akasankhidwa kukhala Purezidenti wa US, ateroperekani US$2 thililiyoni kuti ilimbikitse mphamvu zopangira mphamvu zaukhondo za dziko lino komanso kuchepetsa kudalira kwake kumafuta amafuta.

Atsogoleri a China ndi United States alankhula ndipo athandizira mwamphamvu chitukuko cha chitukuko cha mphamvu zowonjezera.Ichi ndi phindu lalikulu la mphamvu zongowonjezwdwa padziko lapansi, ndima photovoltais, kukwera mtengo kwa magetsi otsika mofulumira kwambiri m’zaka khumi zapitazi, mosakaikira ndiye mfungulo yake.

PV Status waku China

M'zaka zingapo zapitazi, mafakitale a photovoltaic aku China apanga bwino kwambiri, komansomphamvu zonse zomwe zayikidwa zimayambira padziko lonse lapansi.Pofika kumapeto kwa chaka cha 2019, mphamvu zonse zamtundu wa photovoltaic zomwe zidayika dziko langa zafika204.3GW, ndipo dziko la United States, lomwe ndi lachiwiri, lili ndi mphamvu zowonjezeredwa za 62.298GW.Pakati pawo, makhazikitsidwe ambiri a photovoltaic ku China akuchokera ku 2013 mpaka pano, zomwe zikuwonetsa kudabwitsa kwa chitukuko cha mafakitale a photovoltaic mdziko langa.

Malinga ndi data, pofika kumapeto kwa Seputembara 2020, mphamvu yamagetsi yamphepo yomwe idakhazikitsidwa mdziko muno inali 220 miliyoni kilowatts, ndipo kupanga magetsi a photovoltaic kunali ma kilowatts 220 miliyoni.Chiwerengero chonsecho chinali ma kilowatts 440 miliyoni.Padakali kusiyana kwa ma kilowatts 760 miliyoni kuchokera pa 1.2 biliyoni ya kilowatt target.

Ngati mphamvu ya mphepo ndi mphamvu ya photovoltaic mphamvu iliyonse imakhala ndi theka, ndiye kuti, zaka khumi kuchokera ku 2020 mpaka 2030, pafupifupi chaka chilichonse makhazikitsidwe atsopano a photovoltaic adzakhala 38GW, omwe ndi apamwamba kwambiri kuposa 30.1GW makhazikitsidwe atsopano a photovoltaic mu 2019. kufananiza,mphamvu ya photovoltaic ndiyotsika mtengo kuposa mphamvu yamphepo.Chifukwa chake, mphamvu ya photovoltaic yomwe yangoyikidwa kumene idzakhala yoposa 38GW.

Kwa cholinga ichi, makampani a photovoltaic a dziko langa akhala akukonzedwa kale.Kuyambira 2020, makampani ambiri omwe ali ndi magawo akukulitsa kupanga, kupanga kapena kukonza zoyambira zingapo zopangira.Makampani ena asayinanso mapangano anthawi yayitali ndi ogulitsa kumtunda kwa zaka zingapo kuti awonetsetse kuti mtsogolomu adzapeza zinthu zopangira.Msika ndi chidaliro.

Inde, kuwonjezera pa msika wapakhomo, makampani ambiri amaikanso maso awo pamisika yakunja ndikuchita nawo mwakhama ntchito za photovoltaic m'mayiko ena kapena madera.Ubwino wosonkhanitsidwa muukadaulo ndi kuthekera kopanga kwazaka zambiri zikuyembekezeka kuwonetsedwa mu mpikisano ndi makampani ena am'deralo.

China PV imakhalabe ndi mavuto

Pakalipano, makampani a photovoltaic m'mayiko otukuka akumananso ndi mavuto ena pamene "amapita kunyanja".Mwachitsanzo, ndondomeko zakhudza kwambiri makampani a photovoltaic m'mayiko omwe akutukuka kumene.

Malinga ndi lipoti laposachedwapa la Wang Bohua, wachiwiri kwa tcheyamani ndi mlembi wamkulu wa China Photovoltaic Industry Association, pa kuwunika kwachitukuko kwa mafakitale a photovoltaic pa nthawi ya 13 ya zaka zisanu ndi makonzedwe a nthawi ya 14th Year Plan, dziko langa la photovoltaic module ku 2018 lidawonongeka kwambiri ku United States ndi EU Chifukwa chofunikira ndi201 njira zodzitetezerakukhazikitsidwa ndi United States ndiEU "dual reverse".

Ngakhale kutumiza zinthu ku Europe kwayambiranso, sitingathe kumasula tcheru.M'tsogolomu, mabizinesi amtundu wa photovoltaic a dziko langa akhoza kutsatira mayendedwe a chitukuko cha "Lamba Mmodzi Msewu Umodzi” ndikumanga mapulojekiti a photovoltaic m'maiko omwe ali m'njira kuti akhazikitse chithunzithunzi chabwino chamtundu.

Kunyumba,kubweza ndalama zothandizira photovoltaic za dziko langazilinso ndi vuto, zomwe zimapangitsa makampani ambiri kudandaula.Kugwira ntchito kwa magetsi a photovoltaic ndi mabizinesi kukanathandizira kuti chitukuko cha photovoltaics chikhalepo, koma kubwezeredwa kwa ndalama zothandizira ndalama zachititsa kuti makampani ambiri apewe magetsi a photovoltaic, makamaka makampani apadera, omwe ndalama zawo zimakhala zokwera mtengo, ndipo amatha kugulitsa katundu wawo. akachedwa kulandira thandizo.Chepetsani ngongole.

GCL New Energy, yomwe yagulitsa katundu mobwerezabwereza posachedwa, ndi bizinesi yoyimira.Mwamwayi, bizinesi ya boma kapena bizinesi yayikulu idzatenga, apo ayi malo ambiri opangira magetsi akhoza kugwera m'malo osayang'anira.

Kuonjezera apo, kukula kwakukulu kwa photovoltaics makamaka kum'malo mphamvu ochiritsira, ndipo mphamvu ya mayamwidwe ndiyofunika kwambiri.Choncho, pamene mphamvu yoyika ya photovoltaics ikupitirira kuphulika, chidwi chiyenera kuperekedwa kwa zotsatiramavuto akumwa, ndipo kudya kwanuko ndiye cholinga chachikulu, apo ayimtunda wautali wotumizira mphamvu ndi kusintha kudzachepetsa mtengo wamtengo wapatali wa mphamvu ya photovoltaic.

Pankhani ya kafukufuku ndi chitukuko, kupanga kwakukulu kwa makampani otsogola kudzathandizadi kuchepetsa ndalama, koma pansi pa kukakamizidwa kwa ntchito, zikhoza kuwapangitsanso kuti asamaganize molakwika za chitukuko cha zamakono ndi kugonjetsedwa ndi mayiko ena.Chifukwa chake, ngakhale mabizinesi otsogola ali ndi zabwino zokwanira, ayenerathandizirani luso laukadaulo la mabizinesi ang'onoang'ono ndi apakatikatindi makoleji kuti awonetsetse kuti dziko langa lili ndi mwayi wotsogola pamakampani opanga ma photovoltaic.

American Photovoltaics

Monga dziko lalikulu lowononga mphamvu komanso dziko lomwe lili ndi GDP yayikulu kwambiri padziko lonse lapansi, kubwerera kwa United States ku"Pangano la Paris"ndizofunika kwambiri pakukula kwa mphamvu zongowonjezwdwa padziko lonse lapansi.Mu 2019, pansi pa chipwirikiti chochoka ku "Pangano la Paris", mphamvu ya photovoltaic yomwe yakhazikitsidwa kumene ku United States idafikabe 13.3GW, yomwe ikuwonetsa maziko ake ndi mphamvu zake.

Malinga ndi ulosi wa Wood Mackenzie, ma photovoltais akunyumba ku United States awona kuwonjezeka kwakukulu mu 2020-2025, zomwe makamaka chifukwa chakusiyana kwa magwiritsidwe.Ogulitsa apamwamba ku United States akuwoneka kuti amakonda nyumba zapamtunda zapamtunda za banja limodzi kusiyana ndi chitukuko cha photovoltaics zapakhomo Zidzakhala zokhazikika.

Ngakhale ziwerengero ziwirizi sizinaganizire za kufalikira kwa mliri watsopano wa korona, sanaganizirenso dongosolo la Biden 2 thililiyoni yothandizira mphamvu zowonjezera mphamvu, kotero zikhala zolondola, ndipo zitha kupitilira zomwe tikuyembekezera.

Ngongole yazithunzi: Wood Mackenzie

Monga dziko lotsogola pakufufuza zasayansi ndiukadaulo, ndalama zazikuluzikulu zitha kulola United States kuti ipite patsogolo muukadaulo wina, kapenanso kupita patsogolo, monga.kusinthika kwamphamvu kwa mapanelo adzuwa.

Inu muyenera kudziwa zimenezoTesla, kampani yamagalimoto yamtengo wapatali kwambiri padziko lonse lapansi, sikuti imangogulitsa magalimoto atsopano opatsa mphamvu, komanso ili ndi mawonekedwe ozamama cell a dzuwandikusungirako mphamvu koyera.Malo ambiri opangira zida zapamwamba omwe amamangidwa ku United States amachokera ku magetsi a photovoltaic, ndipo palinso njira zabwino zothetsera photovoltaics zapakhomo, zomwe zingakhale kavalo wakuda m'munda wa photovoltaic m'tsogolomu.

Mwayi wothekera

Komabe, ngati bizinesi iliyonse ikufuna kukula mwachangu, chofunikira kwambiri ndimtengo.Ngati US imasula ndondomeko yake yamalonda, udzakhala mwayi waukulu kuti makampani a photovoltaic a ku China alowe mumsika wa US.

Pambuyo pa kuchepa kwachangu kwa mitengo ya module ya photovoltaic, sitepe yotsatira ndiyo kulowa m'nyumba masauzande ambiri.Chifukwa chake, atsogolo la kugawidwa kwa photovoltaicndiye cholinga cha chitukuko, chomwe chingatheimathandizira kutchuka kwa photovoltaicsndikuthetsa vuto la mowa.

Komabe, poyerekeza ndi ma photovoltaics apakati, akale ali ndi makonda apamwamba komanso zofunikira zoyika, ndipo ndalama zoyendetsera ntchito ndi kukonza ndizokwera pang'ono.Panthawi imodzimodziyo, sikeloyo imakhala yochepa.Momwe mungakulitsire kukula mwachangu komanso mtengo wake ndi nkhani yaku China ndi United States.Mavuto omwe amapezeka pakukula kwa photovoltaic.

China ndi United States alankhula mu konsati kuti chitukuko wamphamvu za mphamvu zongowonjezwdwa mosakayikira phindu lalikulu photovoltaics, ndipo ndikukhulupirira kuti angathandize mayiko awiri kukwaniritsa cholinga cha.kusalowerera ndale kwa kaboniposachedwa ndikulimbikitsa chitukuko cha dziko lonse lapansi "mphamvu zobiriwira“.