Ingufu z'izuba ni iki?

 
       Imirasire y'izuba ni ingufu zikomoka ku mirasire y'izuba.Ubu bwoko bwingufu zishobora kuvuka binyuze mubisubizo bya kirimbuzi izuba.Imirasire ijya kwisi binyuze mumirasire ya electronique kandi irashobora gukoreshwa nyuma.Imirasire y'izuba irashobora gukoreshwa muburyo bwingufu zumuriro cyangwa ingufu zamashanyarazi.Iyo bigeze ku mbaraga zumuriro tubona ubushyuhe bwo gushyushya amazi.Mugushiraho imirasire yizuba hamwe nubundi buryo, irashobora gukoreshwa kugirango ubone ingufu zumuriro cyangwa amashanyarazi.

Nigute ingufu z'izuba zitangwa?

         Imirasire y'izuba irashobora kuba muburyo butandukanye bitewe nauburyoyahisemo gukoresha ingufu z'izuba:

1. FOTOVOLTAIC SOLAR ENERGY (Ukoresheje imirasire y'izuba ya Photovoltaque)

Imirasire y'izuba ya Photovoltaque ni tekinoroji yingufu zikoreshwa mu gutanga amashanyarazi.

Ibikoresho bya Photovoltaque bigizwe naimirasire y'izuba.Izi panne zigizwe ningirabuzimafatizo zuba zifite ibyiza bya kubyara amashanyarazi dukesha izuba.

Ibiriho biva mumirasire y'izuba niicyerekezo kigezweho.Abahindura ubu batwemerera kubihinduraguhinduranya.

Umuyagankuba wakozwe na moderi ya Photovoltaque urashobora gukoreshwa mugutanga amashanyarazi mubikoresho byigenga.Irashobora kandi gukoreshwa mu kuyitanga mu buryo butaziguye kuri gride y'amashanyarazi.

2. SOLAR THERMAL ENERGY (Ukoresheje imirasire y'izuba)

Amashanyarazi akomoka ku mirasire y'izuba ashobora kandi kwitwa izuba ryinshi.Ubu bwoko bwingufu nubundi buryo busanzwe bukoreshwa mubukungu.Imikorere yacyo ishingiye ku gukoresha imirasire y'izuba mu gushyushya amazi binyuze mu kwegeranya izuba.

Imirasire y'izuba yagenewehindura imirasire y'izuba mumashanyarazi.Intego yacyo ni ugushyushya amazi azenguruka imbere.

Imirasire y'izubaongera ubushyuhe bwamazi wongere imbaraga zimbere zamazi.Muri ubu buryo, biroroshye kohereza ingufu zubushyuhe zabyaye no kuzikoresha aho bikenewe.Ikoreshwa rusange ryingufu ni kurishaka amazi ashyushye murugocyangwa kurigushyushya izuba.

Kwibanda ku mirasire y'izuba
Hano hari amashanyarazi manini yizuba akoresha ubu buryo bwo gukoresha amazi kubushyuhe bwinshi.Nyuma yibyo, ihindurwamo umwuka.Iyi parike ikoreshwa mugukoresha ingufu za turbine no kubyara amashanyarazi.

3. PASSIVE SOLAR ENERGY (Nta kintu na kimwe cyo hanze)

Sisitemu ya pasiporo ikoresha imirasire yizuba idakoresheje igikoresho icyo aricyo cyose cyangwa ibikoresho. Ubu buhanga bukorwa binyuze ahantu heza, igishushanyo, nicyerekezo cyinyubako.Ntabwo ikeneye kwishyiriraho.Kurugero, igishushanyo mbonera gishobora gukurura imirasire yizuba kurwego runini mugihe cyitumba kandi ikirinda ubushyuhe bukabije mugihe cyizuba.

        Imirasire y'izuba ni isoko y'ingufu zishobora kubaho.Ingufu zizuba zifatwa nkizirangira kurwego rwabantu.Kubwibyo, ni anubundiKuri Ubundi bwoko bwaingufu zidasubirwahonk'ibicanwa biva mu kirere cyangwa ingufu za kirimbuzi.

Izindi mbaraga nyinshi zikomoka ku mirasire y'izuba, nka:

Ingufu z'umuyaga, zikoresha imbaraga z'umuyaga.Umuyaga ubyara iyo izuba rishyushye cyane.
Ibicanwa biva mu kirere, biva mu kubora kama.Ibinyabuzima byangirika byari byinshi, ibimera byakoragaYamazaki.
Amashanyarazi, akoreshaimbaraga z'amazi.Niba imirasire y'izuba idashoboka ukwezi kwamazi.
Ingufu zituruka kuri biomass, na none ni imbuto za fotosintezeza y'ibimera.

Ibidasanzwe gusaingufu za kirimbuzi, ingufu za geothermal, naimbaraga zamazi.Irashobora gukoreshwa muburyo butaziguye kugirango intego zigerwehokubyara ubushyuhe cyangwa amashanyarazihamwe n'ubwoko butandukanye bwa sisitemu.

Duhereye ku mbaraga, ni imbaraga zindi zikomoka ku bicanwa bya fosile bya kera, bifatwa nkingufu zishobora kubaho.Imirasire y'izuba irashobora gukoreshwa muburyo bukwiye hifashishijwe ikoranabuhanga ritandukanye kandi kubikorwa bitandukanye, kabone niyo haba muburyo bwa tekinoloji butarimo kubika ingufu.

Ingero zimwe zo gukoresha ingufu z'izuba:

1. Kwishyiriraho hamwe na paneli yerekana amashanyarazi kugirango bitange ingufu z'amashanyarazi.Ibi bikoresho bikoreshwa mumazu, mubuhungiro bwimisozi nibindi.
2. Ibimera bifotora.Niyagurwa rinini ryamafoto yerekana amashanyarazi afite intego yo kubyara amashanyarazi yo gutanga umuyagankuba.
3. Imodoka izuba.Ihindura imirasire y'izuba mumashanyarazi kugirango itware moteri yamashanyarazi.
4. Guteka izuba.Niba sisitemu yo kwibanda kumirasire kumwanya umwe kugirango izamure ubushyuhe kandi ubashe guteka.
5. Sisitemu yo gushyushya.Hamwe ningufu zumuriro wizuba, amazi arashobora gushyuha ashobora gukoreshwa mumashanyarazi.
6. Gushyushya ibidendezi.

Ibyiza n'ibibi by'ingufu z'izuba:

imbogamizi

Uwitekaikiguzi cy'ishoramarikuri kilowatt yabonetse ni ndende.
Gutangaimikorere myiza cyane.
Imikorere yabonetse biterwa naingengabihe y'izuba, iikirerenaikirangaminsi.Kubwibyo, biragoye kumenya neza ingufu z'amashanyarazi tuzabona mugihe runaka.Uku kubura kwabuze hamwe no kubura izindi nkomoko nkingufu za kirimbuzi cyangwa fosile.
Ingufu zisabwa mu gukora imirasire y'izuba.Umusaruro wibikoresho bifotorabisaba imbaraga nyinshi, hamwe nimbaraga zidasubirwaho nkamakara zikoreshwa.

akarusho

Bitewe nubukungu bwikigereranyo niterambere ryikoranabuhanga muri sisitemu yizuba izaza, abayunganira barashyigikirakugabanya ibicironakunoza imikoreremu gihe cya vuba.
Ku bijyanye no kubura ingufu nk'izo nijoro, bagaragaje kandi ko, mu byukuri, ku manywa, ni ukuvuga mu gihe kinini cyo gutanga ingufu z'izuba,ingufu z'amashanyarazi zikoreshwa ziragerwaho.
Ni aisoko y'ingufu zishobora kubaho.Muyandi magambo, ntibishoboka.
Ni ainkomoko idafite ingufu.Ntabwo itanga imyuka ihumanya ikirere, ntabwo rero izongera ikibazo cyimihindagurikire y’ikirere.