Photovoltaic modules zvibatanidza zvisingagoni kuregererwa: zvinhu zviduku zvinotamba basa guru

Photovoltaic modules ine dhizaini yehupenyu hwemakore anopfuura makumi maviri nemashanu.Saizvozvo, zvinodiwa zvinodiwa zvakagadzirirwa hupenyu hwekushanda hweanotsigira zvikamu zvemagetsi.Chimwe nechimwe chikamu chemagetsi chine hupenyu hwayo hwemagetsi.Hupenyu hwemagetsi hwakabatana nerubatsiro rwekupedzisira rwechiteshi chemagetsi.Nokudaro, hupenyu uye hutano hwezvikamu zvinoda kubhadharwa.

Mazhinji emagetsi emagetsi e-photovoltaic anoshandiswa munzvimbo dzemapani, uye mamwe acho anogoverwa muchimiro chekugovera simba rekugadzira.Kugoverwa kwakapararira.Mamiriro ezvinhu aya akaoma kuchengetedza.Kuti kuderedze mari yekuchengetedza, nzira inobatsira ndeyekuvandudza kuvimbika kwegadziriro, uye kuvimbika kwegadziriro kunoenderana nekuvimbika kwezvikamu zvinoshandiswa muhurongwa.

Izvo zvinhu zvatinotarisisa pano hazvisi izvo zvikamu zvikuru zvaunowanzo cherechedza, asi zvikamu zvidiki senge zvinobatanidza, yakaderera-voltage midziyo yemagetsi,cables, etc. Kuwanda kwakawanda, ndiko kunoita kuti pave nezvinetso.Nhasi tichaongororaconnectors.

MaConnectors kwese kwese

Mukugadzirisa kwezuva nezuva kwemagetsi emagetsi e photovoltaic, midziyo mikuru yakadai sezvikamu, DC magetsi ekugovera makabati, uye inverters ndizvo zvinhu zvikuru zvinotarisirwa.Ichi chikamu ndechekuti isu tinofanira kuchengetedza zvakajairika uye kugadzikana, nekuti ivo vane mukana wepamusoro wekutadza uye vane simba rakakura mushure mekutadza.

Asi mune mamwe malink, pane zvimwe zvikanganiso izvo vanhu vasingazive kana kufuratira.Kutaura zvazviri, vakatorasikirwa nekugadzirwa kwemagetsi vasingazivi.Mune mamwe mazwi, apa ndipo patinogona kuwedzera kugadzirwa kwemagetsi.Saka ndeipi midziyo inokanganisa kugadzirwa kwemagetsi?

Kune nzvimbo dzakawanda muchiteshi chemagetsi panodiwa mainterface.Zvikamu, junction mabhokisi, inverters, mabhokisi ekubatanidza, nezvimwe zvese zvinoda mudziyo--chibatanidza.Imwe neimwe junction bhokisi inoshandisa peya yezvibatanidza.Nhamba yebhokisi rega rega remusanganisi inoenderana nedhizaini.Kazhinji, 8 pairs kusvika 16 pairs inoshandiswa, nepo inverters inoshandisa 2 pairs kusvika 4 pairs kana kupfuura.Panguva imwecheteyo, imwe nhamba yezvibatanidza inofanira kushandiswa mukuvakwa kwekupedzisira kwechiteshi chemagetsi.

Kukundikana kwakavanzika kunowanzoitika

Iyo yekubatanidza idiki, akawanda malink anoda kushandiswa, uye mutengo idiki.Uye kune makambani mazhinji anogadzira chinongedzo.Nokuda kwechikonzero ichi, vanhu vashomanana vanoteerera kushandiswa kwechibatanidza, chii chichaitika kana chikashandiswa zvakanaka, uye kana chikasashandiswa zvakanaka chii chinoguma.Nekudaro, mushure mekushanya kwakadzama uye kunzwisisa, zvinoonekwa kuti ndizvo chaizvo nekuda kwezvikonzero izvi izvo zvigadzirwa uye kukwikwidza mune iyi link zvine bongozozo.

Chekutanga pane zvese, isu tinotanga kuongorora kubva kune terminal application.Sezvo zvakawanda zvinongedzo muchiteshi chemagetsi zvinoda kushandisa zvibatanidza, tinogona kuona mashandisirwo echigadzirwa cheakasiyana-siyana anobatanidza panzvimbo iyi, senge mabhokisi ejunction, mabhokisi ekubatanidza, zvikamu, tambo, nezvimwe, zvibatanidza Chimiro chakafanana.Zvishandiso izvi ndizvo zvikamu zvikuru zvechiteshi chemagetsi.Dzimwe nguva kune njodzi, vanhu pakutanga vaifunga kuti idambudziko nebhokisi rejunction kana chikamu chacho pachacho.Mushure mekuferefetwa, zvakaonekwa kuti yaive nechokuita nechokubatanidza.

Semuenzaniso, kana chibatanidza chichibata moto, varidzi vakawanda vanonyunyuta pamusoro pechikamu, nokuti imwe mugumo wekubatanidza ndiyo chikamu chacho, asi dzimwe nguva inokonzerwa nekubatanidza.

Zvinoenderana nenhamba, matambudziko anoenderana anokonzerwa nekubatanidza anosanganisira: kuwedzera kupikisa kurambana, kupisa chizvarwa chekubatanidza, kupfupikiswa kwehupenyu, moto pane chinongedzo, kutsva kwechibatanidza, kutadza kwesimba kwezvikamu zvetambo, kutadza kwebhokisi rejunction, uye kudonha kwechikamu, nezvimwewo, izvo zvinogona kukonzera kutadza kwehurongwa, kuyeuka kwechigadzirwa, kukuvara kwebhodhi redunhu, kugadzirisa zvakare uye kugadzirisa zvinozokonzeresa kurasikirwa kwezvikamu zvikuru uye kukanganisa kugona kwekugadzira magetsi kwechiteshi chemagetsi, uye yakanyanya kuoma injodzi yemoto.

Semuenzaniso, kupikisa kwekusangana kunowedzera, uye kupikisa kwekubatanidza kwekubatanidza kunobata zvakananga kushanda kwekugadzira magetsi kwechiteshi chemagetsi.Nokudaro, "kuderera kupikisa kupikisa" chinhu chinodiwa che photovoltaic connectors.Uye zvakare, yakawandisa yekubata kuramba inogonawo kuita kuti chinongedzo chidziye uye chikonzerese moto mushure mekupisa.Ichi ndichowo chikonzero chezvinetso zvekuchengetedza mune zvakawanda photovoltaic power plant.

Tichitsvaga kunobva matambudziko aya, chekutanga kugadzwa kwechiteshi chemagetsi muchikamu chekupedzisira.Ongororo yacho yakawana kuti zviteshi zvemagetsi zvakawanda zvine matambudziko nekushanda kwemamwe maconnector panguva yekumhanyira kunguva yekuvaka, izvo zvakaisa zvakananga njodzi dzakavanzika dzekushanda kwaitevera kwechiteshi chemagetsi.

Zvikwata zvekuvaka kana makambani eEPC ezvimwe zviteshi zvemagetsi zvakakura kumadokero hazvina kukwana kunzwisisa kwezvibatanidza, uye kune matambudziko mazhinji ekuisa.Semuenzaniso, nut-type connector inoda maturusi ehunyanzvi ekubatsira kushanda.Pasi pekushanda kwakarurama, nati iri pachibatanidza haigoni kuvharwa kusvika kumagumo.Panofanira kunge paine gap rinenge 2mm panguva yekuvhiya (gepu rinoenderana nedhayamita rekunze retambo).Kusimbisa nati kusvika kumagumo kunokuvadza kushanda kwekuvhara kwekubatanidza.

Panguva imwecheteyo, kune matambudziko mucrimping, chinonyanya kukosha ndechekuti crimping maturusi haasi nyanzvi.Vamwe vashandi vari pasaiti vanoshandisa zvakananga hurombo husina kunaka kana kunyange maturusi akajairwa ekurovera, izvo zvinozokonzeresa kushomeka, sekupeta kwewaya yemhangura pajoinhi, kutadza kutsemura dzimwe waya dzemhangura, kudzvanya zvisirizvo kune tambo insulation, nezvimwe, uye mhedzisiro. yekushaya crimping yakanangana nekuchengetedzwa kwechiteshi chemagetsi.

Kumwe kuita kunokonzerwa nekutsvaga kwebofu kwekuisa zvakanaka, zvichikonzera kudzikira kwemhando yecrimping.Kana nzvimbo yekuvaka isingagone kuvimbisa kunaka kwechero crimping kuitira kumhanyisa basa, pamwe nekushandiswa kwematurusi asina hunyanzvi zvinokonzeresa mamwe matambudziko.

Unyanzvi hwevanoisa ivo pachavo hune mhedzisiro padanho rekubatanidza kuisirwa.Nechikonzero ichi, makambani ehunyanzvi muindastiri anoratidza kuti kana maturusi ehunyanzvi uye maitiro ekushanda akashandiswa, mhando yeprojekiti inovandudzwa.

Dambudziko rechipiri nderekuti zvigadzirwa zvakasiyana-siyana zvekubatanidza zvinoshandiswa mukuvhiringidzika.Zvibatanidza zvemhando dzakasiyana zvakabatanidzwa mune imwe neimwe.Junction mabhokisi, mabhokisi ekubatanidza, uye inverters ese anoshandisa majoini emhando dzakasiyana, uye kuenzanisa kwezvibatanidza hazvitariswe zvachose.

Mutori wenhau akabvunzurudza varidzi vezviteshi zvemagetsi akati wandei uye makambani eEPC, ndokubvunza kana vaiziva nezve majoi, uye kana majoini aine matambudziko anoenderana, mhinduro dzavo dzese dzakarasika.Kushanda nekugadzirisa vashandi vezviteshi zvakakura zvemagetsi zvepasi vakati: "Mutengesi wekubatanidza anotaura kuti inogona kubatirwa mukati memumwe nemumwe, uye inogona kubatirwa muMC4."

Zvinonzwisiswa kuti mhinduro kubva kuvaridzi uye kushanda uye kugadzirisa vashandi ndeyechokwadi.Parizvino, vese vanopa photovoltaic connector vashambadziri vachazivisa kune vatengi vavo kuti vanogona kubatanidza neMC4.Sei MC4 iri?

Zvinonzi MC4 inobatanidza chigadzirwa modhi.Mugadziri uyu ndiSwiss Stäubli Multi-Contact (inowanzonzi MC muindastiri), ine chikamu chemusika chinodarika 50% kubva 2010 kusvika 2013. MC4 imodhi mune yekambani zvigadzirwa zvakatevedzana, izvo zvinonyatso zivikanwa nekuda kwayo. wide application.

Saka, zvimwe zvigadzirwa zvekubatanidza brand pamusika zvinogona kunyatso plug mukati neMC4?

Mubvunzurudzo, Hong Weigang, maneja wedhipatimendi rephotovoltaic reStäubli Multi-Contact, akapa mhinduro chaiyo: "Chikamu chikuru chedambudziko remakoniki kubva mukubatanidzwa.Isu hatimbokurudzira kuti zvinongedzo zvemhando dzakasiyana zvipinzwe pamwe uye zvinofananidzwa.Hazvibvumirwiwo.Zvisungo zvemhando dzakasiyana hazvigone kufananidzwa, uye kuramba kwekubatana kuchawedzera kana ikashandiswa nenzira iyoyo.Boka rezvitupa rakataurawo kuti kuwirirana hakubvumidzwe, uye chete zvigadzirwa zveakateedzana kubva kumugadziri mumwe chete zvinotenderwa kubatanidzwa.Zvigadzirwa zveMC zvinogona kufananidzwa uye kubatanidzwa uye kuenderana. "

Panyaya iyi, takabvunza makambani maviri ezvitupa, TüV Rheinland neTüV South Germany, uye mhinduro yaive yekuti zvigadzirwa zvekubatanidza zvemhando dzakasiyana hazvigone kufananidzwa.Kana uchifanira kuishandisa, zviri nani kuita bvunzo yekufananidza pachine nguva.Xu Hailiang, Maneja weTüV SÜD Photovoltaic Dhipatimendi, akati: "Mamwe ekubatanidza anotevedzera ane dhizaini yakafanana, asi kushanda kwemagetsi kwakasiyana, uye zvigadzirwa zvakasiyana chaizvo.Matambudziko mazhinji akaonekwa mune yazvino yekufananidza bvunzo.Kuburikidza nekuyedza, varidzi vezviteshi zvemagetsi vanogona kudzidza zvakawanda nezvematambudziko pachine nguva, semuenzaniso, mushure mekushandisa kwenguva refu, pachava nekusawirirana munzvimbo dzakaoma mune ramangwana.“Vakakurudzira kuti varidzi vechikamu uye varidzi vechiteshi chemagetsi vanofanirwa kutarisisa kune zvigadzirwa uye tsananguro yechitupa, vobva vafunga masarudziro ekubatanidza.

"Mamiriro akanyanya kunaka ndeye kushandisa seti imwechete yezvigadzirwa kubva kukambani imwechete mune imwecheteyo, asi mazhinji emagetsi emagetsi ane akati wandei ekubatanidza vatengesi.Kunyangwe izvi zvibatanidza zvinogona kufananidzwa injodzi yakavanzika.Semuyenzaniso, chiteshi chemagetsi chine zvinobatanidza MC, RenHe, uye Quick Contact, kunyangwe makambani matatu akavimbisa kunaka kwechigadzirwa, vachiri kufanira kufunga nezve nyaya yekufananidza.Kuti uderedze njodzi zvakanyanya sezvinobvira, makambani mazhinji uye mamwe vatengesi vemagetsi emagetsi vari kukumbira bvunzo dzekufananidza.Sekureva kwaZhu Qifeng, maneja wekutengesa weTüV SÜD photovoltaic product department, Zhang Jialin, maneja weTüV Rheinland photovoltaic department, anobvumiranawo.Akataura kuti Rheinland yakaita bvunzo dzakawanda, uye sezvo matambudziko awanikwa, kufambidzana hakukurudzirwe.

"Kana kupikisa kwakakurisa, chinongedzo chinobata moto, uye kupikisa kwakanyanya kunokonzeresa kuti chinongedzo chipere, uye zvikamu zvetambo zvinodimburwa.Mukuwedzera, makambani mazhinji epamba anovimba nekubatana kwakaoma pakuisa, izvo zvinoita kuti iyo interface iwedzere kupisa, uye tambo inotarisana nezvinetso., Iko kukanganisa kwekushisa kunosvika 12-20 degrees."Shen Qianping, nyanzvi yechigadzirwa mudhipatimendi rephotovoltaic reStäubli Multi-Contact, yakaratidza kuipa kwedambudziko.

Zvinonzi MC haina kumbobvira yaburitsa pachena kushivirira kwezvinhu zvayo.Mune mamwe mazwi, mazhinji eiyo photovoltaic yekubatanidza pamusika yakavakirwa pakuongororwa kweMC4 samples kuti vagadzire yavo yekushivirira kwechigadzirwa.Pasinei nepesvedzero yezvigadzirwa zvekutonga zvinhu, kushivirira kwezvakasiyana zvigadzirwa kwakasiyana.Kune njodzi huru dzakavanzwa apo zvinongedzo zvemhando dzakasiyana zvakabatanidzwa mukati meumwe neumwe, kunyanya mumakuru emagetsi anoshandisa akawanda majoini.

Parizvino, pane kukakavara kukuru mumakambani ekubatanidza nejunction box muindasitiri maererano nenyaya yekuisana.Huwandu hwakati wandei hwemakambani ekubatanidza epamba uye junction box makambani akataura kuti zvigadzirwa zvemhando dzakasiyana zvakapfuura bvunzo yekambani yekuongorora uye hazvina mhedzisiro.

Nekuti hapana chiyero chakabatana, zviyero zvetifiketi uye makambani ekuyedza muindastiri haana kufanana.EUROLAB ine mimwe misiyano ne t ü V Rhine, Nande uye UL mudambudziko rekubatanidza kuenderana.Sekureva kwaCheng Wanmao, maneja we photovoltaic boka re EUROLAB, huwandu hukuru hwezvinetso hahusati hwawanikwa mune mamwe maedzo azvino anoenderana.Nekudaro, maererano neiyo tekinoroji level ine chekuita, kuwedzera kune dambudziko rekupokana, pane dambudziko re arcing.Saka kune njodzi dzakavanzwa mu-inter-plugging uye kusangana kwezvibatanidza.

Dambudziko rechitatu nderekuti makambani ekugadzira ekubatanidza akasanganiswa, uye makambani madiki mazhinji uye kunyange mashopu anobatanidzwa.Ndakawana chinosetsa chiitiko muongororo.Vazhinji vagadziri vezvikoni vedzimba vanodana yavo yekubatanidza zvigadzirwa ndeye MC4.Vanofunga kuti iyi ndiyo nguva yakajairika yekubatanidza muindasitiri.Kune zvakare makambani ega anotosiya manyepo uye anodhinda zvakananga logo yekambani yeMC.

"Pakadzoserwa majoini ekunyepa aya akaiswa chiratidzo chekambani yeMC kuti aongororwe, takanzwa kunetsa.Kune rumwe rutivi, takafadzwa nemugove wedu wechigadzirwa uye mukurumbira.Ukuwo, taifanira kugadzirisa matambudziko akasiyana-siyana ekunyepera, uyewo mutengo wakaderera.”Sekureva kwaMC Hong Weigang, maererano neMC ikozvino yepasi rose yekugadzira dhizaini ye30-35GW, chiyero chakaderedzwa kusvika chakanyanya, uye kutonga kwemitengo kwakaitwa nemazvo.“Asi sei vachiri vakaderera kutipfuura?Isu tinotanga kubva kuKusarudzwa kweZvinhu, yakakosha tekinoroji yekuisa, kugadzira maitiro, kugadzira michina, kutonga kwemhando uye zvimwe zvinhu zvinoongororwa.Kuzadzikiswa kwemitengo yakaderera kazhinji kazhinji kunopira mativi mazhinji.Iko kushandiswa kwezvinhu zvechipiri zvekudzoka ikozvino kukanganisa kwakajairika mukuderedza mutengo.Makwikwi emitengo yakaderera anotarisa Ichi ichokwadi chakapusa maererano nekucheka makona uye zvinhu.Nezve indasitiri ye photovoltaic ine chekuita, kuderedzwa kwemutengo ibasa rinoenderera uye rakaoma.Zvese zvikamu zveindasitiri zviri kushanda nesimba, sekuvandudza shanduko inoshanda, kuwedzera system voltage, uye kukanganisa chikamu dhizaini.Kuwedzera dhigirii rekugadzira otomatiki, nezvimwe. Asi panguva imwe cheteyo kuderedza mitengo uye kusambodzikisa kunaka kwechigadzirwa imusimboti unofanirwa kutevedzwa. "

Shen Qianping weMC Company akawedzera kuti: “Makopi anodawo tekinoroji.MC ine Multiam Technology watchband tekinoroji (patented tekinoroji), iyo isingagone chete kuve nechokwadi chekuti kusangana kwekupokana kwekubatanidza kwakadzikira, asi zvakare ine inoenderera yakaderera yekubata kuramba.Inogonawo kuverengwa uye kudzorwa.Yakawanda sei ikozvino inoyerera uye kusangana nekupokana kunogona kuverengerwa.Kupokana kwemapoinzi maviri ekusangana kunogona kuongororwa kuti ingani nzvimbo yekubvisa kupisa, uye sarudza yakakodzera yekubatanidza chigadzirwa zvinoenderana nezvinodiwa nemutengi.Iyo tekinoroji yetambo inoda imwe yakaoma nzira tekinoroji, iyo inoteedzerwa zvakanyanya.Vakatevedzwa vari nyore kukanganisa.Uku ndiko kuunganidza tekinoroji kwekambani yeSwitzerland, uye kudyara uye kukosha kwechigadzirwa pachacho hakugone kuenzaniswa. "

4 miriyoni kWh mumakore makumi maviri nemashanu

Zvinonzwisiswa kuti chinhu chakakosha chinodiwa kuti majoini arambe akadzikama kuonana kuramba, uye makambani mazhinji ari muindasitiri atanga kuzviita, asi kugadzikana kwenguva refu uye kushomeka kwekubata kuramba kunoda yakagadzikana tekinoroji kuunganidza uye R&D rutsigiro, inoenderera kwenguva refu- kugadzikana kwenguva uye kuderera kwekubata Resistance haingovimbisi zvinobudirira kushanda kwakajairika kwezvibatanidza zvidiki zvechiteshi chemagetsi, asi zvakare inoburitsa zvisingatarisirwe mabhenefiti echiteshi chemagetsi.

Yakawanda sei iyo yekubata kuramba yePV yekubatanidza inokanganisa kushanda kwePV simba rekugadzira system?Hong Weigang akaverenga izvi.Achitora purojekiti ye100MW PV semuenzaniso, akafananidza kuramba kwekubata kweMC PV connector (avhareji 0.35m Ω) nehupamhi hwekusangana kwekupokana kwe5m Ω inotsanangurwa muyero yepasi rose en50521.Zvichienzaniswa nepamusoro-soro yekudzivirira, iyo yakaderera yekubata kuramba inoita kuti PV system ishande zvakanyanya Nezve 160000 kwh mamwe magetsi anogadzirwa gore rega, uye anenge 4 miriyoni kwh mamwe magetsi anogadzirwa mumakore makumi maviri nemashanu.Zvinogona kuonekwa kuti kubatsirwa kwehupfumi kunounzwa nekuenderera mberi kwakaderera kupikisa kuramba kwakanyanya.Tichifunga kuti kupikisa kwepamusoro kunowedzera kutadza, zvimwe zvikamu zvinotsiva uye nguva yakawanda yekugadzirisa inodiwa, zvinoreva kuti mutengo wepamusoro wekugadzirisa.

"Mune ramangwana, indasitiri ichange iine hunyanzvi, uye pachange paine misiyano iri pachena pakati pekugadzira mabhokisi ejunction uye kugadzira kwekubatanidza.Yekubatanidza zviyero uye junction bhokisi zviyero zvichavandudzwa zvakare muminda yavo, uye kuwanda kwezvinhu muzvikamu zvese zvemaindasitiri echeni kuchawedzerwa, "akadaro Hong WeingGang.Zvechokwadi, pakupedzisira, makambani anonyatsoda kuva kwenguva refu achateerera kune zvinyorwa pachazvo, maitiro, chiyero chekugadzira uye chikwata.Panyaya yemidziyo pachayo, zvese zviri zviviri zvekunze zvemhangura uye zvepamba zvemhangura zvinhu zvemhangura zvine zita rimwechete, asi mareshiyo echinhu mazviri akasiyana, izvo zvinotungamira kune mutsauko mukuita kwezvikamu.Naizvozvo, tinofanira kudzidza uye kuunganidza kwenguva yakareba. "

Nekuti chinongedzo "chidiki", iyezvino chiteshi chemagetsi dhizaini uye EPC kambani haawanzo funga nezvekufananidza kwekubatanidza pakugadzira nekuvaka chiteshi chemagetsi;mutengi wechikamu anobhadharawo kutarisisa kushoma kune chinongedzo pakusarudza bhokisi rekusangana;Varidzi vezviteshi zvemagetsi nevashandisi havana nzira yekunzwisisa mabatiro ezvibatanidza.Naizvozvo, kune njodzi dzakawanda dzakavanzwa dambudziko risati rafumurwa munzvimbo huru.

Photovoltaic backplanes, PID solar masero, ndiwowo kutarisisa kweindasitiri mushure mekunge dambudziko rafumurwa.Zvinotarisirwa kuti chibatanidza chinogona kukwezva kutarisa dambudziko risati raonekwa munzvimbo huru, uye kudzivirira dambudziko risati raitika.