“Tianhe Core Module” yatangijwe neza!Nigute wakemura ikibazo cyo gukoresha ingufu kuri sitasiyo kandi ni umutekano muke?

Ku ya 29 Mata, roketi ndende ya Werurwe 5B Yao-2 yatwaye sitasiyo ya Tianhe yibanze mu kirere neza mu kirere cya Wenchang cyohereza mu kirere mu Bushinwa.Uyu ni undi mwanya w'amateka mu mateka y’icyogajuru cy’indege y’igihugu cyanjye nyuma yo gutsinda byimazeyo indege ya mbere ya roketi itwara abagenzi Long March 5B muri Gicurasi 2020.

        Ikibanza cy’Ubushinwa cyitwa Manned Space Station, cyitwa Sitasiyo y’Ubushinwa cyangwa Ikibanza cya Tiangong, ni sisitemu ya laboratoire yo mu kirere ifite ibiranga Ubushinwa byakusanyirijwe muri orbit.Uburebure bwa orbital bwa sitasiyo yo mu kirere ni kilometero 400-450, inguni ihindagurika ni dogere 42-43, icyogajuru gikoreshwa mu kirere cyitwa "Tiangong", naho icyogajuru cy’imizigo cyitwa "Tianzhou".Sitasiyo y’Ubushinwa ikoresha kabine eshatu “Moderi ya Tianhe Core Module”, “Modent Experimental Module” na “Mengtian Experimental Module” nk'ibikoresho fatizo.

        Tianhe yibanze module nubuyobozi no kugenzura ikigo kizaza.Ubuzima bwa buri munsi bwibyogajuru bizakorerwa hano, kandi ubushakashatsi bwa siyansi yubumenyi bwikirere hamwe nubushakashatsi bwa tekiniki bizakorerwa hano.Kugirango ubuzima burebure bwigihe kirekire bwibyogajuru mu kirere birusheho kuba byiza, module yibanze itanga metero kibe 50 zuburebure bwikirere kugirango bakore kandi babeho.Usibye kuzamura aho basinzira, hiyongereyeho agace k’isuku n’ahantu ha siporo.Mubyongeyeho, WIFI irashobora guhuzwa na enterineti muri cabine yibanze.Hamwe na sisitemu nini, isabwa ry'amashanyarazi naryo ryongerewe inshuro zigera kuri eshatu urwa “Tiangong No 2 ″, bisaba kurinda ingufu zikomeye.

        Mu kirere, isoko yonyine yingufu kuri module yibanze ni ingufu zizuba. Kubwibyo, inzu ya Tianhe yibanze ifite ibyuma bibiri byamababa manini yizuba nini, hamwe nuburinganire bumwe bwa metero kare 67.Ihindura ingufu z'izuba mu mbaraga z'amashanyarazi ahantu hakeye kugirango ikoreshwe mu kabari kose, kandi icyarimwe ikabika ingufu za bateri kugirango ikoreshwe mugihe akazu kegereye kaguruka ahantu h'igicucu.Ububasha bwa mbere bwo gutanga amashanyarazi yaya mababa abiri yizuba ryizuba ryarenze 18.000 watts, burenze kure ibyogajuru byose byabanjirije Ubushinwa.

Ikibaba kimwe cyibaba ryizuba ryizuba rya "Tiangong-2 ″ ni metero 3 gusa, naho ikibaba kimwe cyohereza ibaba rya batiri ya kabine ya Tianhe yibanze yiyongereye kugera kuri metero 12,6.Umwanya wo gupakira imodoka yoherezwa ni muto, kandi abayitezimbere bakoresheje amababa ya batiri yizuba yoroheje yohereza ibyiciro byinshi kandi byintambwe nyinshi kubwa mbere mubushinwa, kandi iki kibazo cyakemuwe mubuhanga.Kwungukirwa no gukoresha triple-ihuza gallium arsenide izuba hamwe ningirakamaro cyane yo guhinduranya amashanyarazi,bo, hamwe na bateri yingufu zidasanzwe za lithium-ion, bakora sisitemu ikomeye yingufu zitanga amashanyarazi yizewe kandi ahagije adahagarara kubutaka bwumwanya.

Ikindi gikorwa kidasanzwe cyibikoresho bya batiri yizuba ya batiri ni uko ibaba ryose rishobora gusenywa no kwimurwa mugihe cya orbit.Urebye ko amababa akomoka ku mirasire y'izuba ya kabine yibanze azahagarikwa nyuma yo kurangiza kubaka sitasiyo y’ikirere ikurikiraho, ibyo bikaba bizagira ingaruka ku kubyaza ingufu amashanyarazi, amababa abiri y’izuba arashobora gusenywa no kwimurirwa hanze y’akabari n’inyenyeri n’intwaro za robo. , hanyuma ushyire mumurizo wa cabine yubushakashatsi kugirango utangire gukurikira.Kuri truss, umuyoboro w'amashanyarazi wongeye kubakwa kuri orbit kugirango umenye umurimo wo kwagura ingufu kuri orbit.

Ikibanza cyogajuru kimaze igihe kinini gikora neza muri orbit, kandi abahanga mu kirere bagumaho igihe kirekire.Umutekano wa sitasiyo nikibazo gikomeye.Iyo sitasiyo yo mu kirere yirukiye mu gicucu aho izuba ridashobora kurasa, bateri ya lithium-ion ishinzwe guha ingufu kabine yose.Nigute ushobora kurinda umutekano wa bateri?

Abashakashatsi babonye igisubizo nyuma yubushakashatsi bwigihe kirekire.Bateguye akuramba, ubushobozi-bunini, umutekano-mwinshibateri ya lithium-ion yujuje ibyifuzo bya sitasiyo.Batare ikoresha diaphragm ceramic, ifite ingaruka nziza zo gukumira imiyoboro migufi.Muri icyo gihe, ibikoresho bya flame-retardant bikoreshwa mumapaki ya batiri kugirango birinde bateri gutwika kubera ubushyuhe bwinshi.

Biravugwa ko hari ibice 6 bya bateri ya lithium-ion mu gice cyibanze cya sitasiyo y’ikirere, buri kimwe gifite selile 66 imwe.Abashakashatsi bakoze kandi sisitemu yo gucunga batiri ya lithium ifite ubwenge kugirango bagere ku busobanuro bwuzuye, bwizewe cyane, hamwe n’umutekano mwinshi wa batiri ya lithium.Uburyo butatu bwo kurinda bukora iyo bateri yishyuye, no kugenzura ubushyuhe bishyirwa mubikorwa.Iyo ubushyuhe bwo kwishyuza burenze igipimo cyagenwe cyumutekano, bateri izahita yishyurwa.

Mugihe cyogukora icyogajuru gikora muri orbit mumyaka irenga 10, abahanga mubyogajuru bakeneye gusimbuza bateri ya lithium muri orbit.Nigute ushobora kwemeza imikorere yindege itagira ingaruka kumashanyarazi asanzwe yikibanza?Abashinzwe iterambere batanze "ubwishingizi bubiri" kubikorwa byo gusimbuza batiri ya lithium.Igice cyibanze gifite imiyoboro ibiri yingufu.Iyo imwe mu miyoboro ikeneye gusimburwa na bateri, undi muyoboro ukoreshwa nk'amashanyarazi nyamukuru.Muri buri muyoboro w'amashanyarazi, iyo bateri mubice byose igomba gusimburwa, igice kirazimya, kandi ibice bibiri bisigaye birashobora kwemeza amashanyarazi asanzwe yuyu muyoboro.

Mubyongeyeho, abashakashatsi bashyizeho ibice bibiri bisa na parike ya moderi ya batiri ya lithium-ion.Mugabanye voltage yumupaki wa bateri kugeza kurwego rwumutekano muke wumubiri wumuntu, byujuje 36 volt yumutekano wumutekano ukenewe kumubiri wumuntu kandi bikarinda abogajuru mumurima.Umutekano wawe mugihe cyo gufata neza gari ya moshi.

Nyuma yuko module yibanze itangijwe neza, ubutumwa butaha buzaba icyogajuru cyitwa "Tianzhou II" icyogajuru, hanyuma icyogajuru kizayoborwa.Nyuma ya "Tianzhou II" hamwe na module yibanze, izatwara abo mu kirere batatu.Icyogajuru “Shenzhou XII” nacyo kizinjira mu cyiciro cyo gutegura icyogajuru.Itangizwa rya module ya Tianhe yibanze ryafunguye kumugaragaro intangiriro yo kubaka icyogajuru cy’Ubushinwa, kandi cyanabaye intambwe ikomeye mu mateka y’icyogajuru cy’Ubushinwa.Byagaragaje ko kubaka sitasiyo y’igihugu cyanjye byinjiye mu cyiciro cyuzuye kandi bigashyiraho urufatiro rukomeye mu butumwa bwakurikiyeho.