"I-Tianhe Core Module" yethulwe ngempumelelo!Indlela yokuxazulula inkinga yokusetshenziswa kwamandla esiteshini sasemkhathini futhi iphephe kangakanani?

Ngomhla zingama-29 kuMbasa, irokhethi elithwala i-Long March 5B Yao-2 lathwala imojula yasemkhathini i-Tianhe emoyeni ngempumelelo eSizeni Sokwethula Umkhathi Wenchang eChina.Lesi esinye isikhathi esiyingqopha-mlando emlandweni wobhanoyi lwasemkhathini olunabantu bezwe lami kulandela impumelelo ephelele yendiza yokuqala yerokhethi ethwala i-Long March 5B ngoMeyi 2020.

        I-China Manned Space Station, ebizwa ngokuthi yi-China Space Station noma i-Tiangong Space Station, iwuhlelo lwelabhorethri yasemkhathini enezici zesiShayina ezihlanganiswe ku-orbit.Ukuphakama kwe-orbital yesiteshi sasemkhathini kungamakhilomitha angama-400-450, i-engeli yokuthambekela ingama-degree angama-42-43, isiteshi sasemkhathini esinomuntu siqanjwe ngokuthi “Tiangong”, kanti umkhumbi-mkhathi wempahla uqanjwe ngokuthi “Tianzhou”.I-China Space Station isebenzisa “i-Tianhe Core Module” enamakhabethe amathathu, “i-Wentian Experimental Module” kanye “Nemojula Yokuhlola ye-Mengtian” njengokucushwa okuyisisekelo.

        I-Tianhe core module iyisikhungo somyalo nesokulawula sesiteshi sasemkhathini esizayo.Impilo yansuku zonke yosomkhathi izokwenziwa lapha, futhi izivivinyo ezithile zesayensi yasemkhathini kanye nokuhlolwa kobuchwepheshe kuzokwenziwa lapha.Ukuze wenze impilo yesikhathi eside yosomkhathi basemkhathini ibe ntofontofo, imojuli ewumongo inikeza cishe ama-cubic metres angama-50 wesikhala ukuze osomkhathi basebenze futhi baphile.Ngaphandle kokuthuthukisa indawo yokulala, kwengezwe indawo ekhethekile yokukhucululwa kwendle kanye nendawo yezemidlalo.Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-WIFI ingaxhumeka ku-inthanethi ku-core cabin.Ngohlelo olukhulu kangaka, isidingo sikagesi sithuthukiswa ngokufanayo cishe izikhathi ezintathu kunesika-“Tiangong No. 2”, esidinga ukuvikelwa kwamandla okuqinile.

        Emkhathini, okuwukuphela komthombo wamandla wemojula eyinhloko amandla elanga. Ngakho-ke, i-Tianhe core cabin ifakwe amapheya amabili amaphiko e-solar cell-enendawo enkulu, enendawo eyodwa yophiko lwamamitha-skwele angama-67.Iguqula amandla elanga abe amandla kagesi endaweni ekhanyisiwe ukuze asetshenziswe kuyo yonke i-cabin, futhi ngesikhathi esifanayo igcina amandla ebhethri ukuze isetshenziswe lapho i-core cabin indizela endaweni enomthunzi.Umthamo wokuqala wokuphehla ugesi walawa masethi amabili amaphiko elanga adlula ama-watts angu-18,000, adlula kude noma yimuphi umkhumbi-mkhathi wangaphambili eShayina.

Ubude bephiko elilodwa lephiko lebhethri lelanga le- "Tiangong-2" ingamamitha ama-3 kuphela, futhi ukuthunyelwa kwephiko elilodwa lebhethri le-Tianhe core cabin kukhuphuke kwafinyelela kumamitha ayi-12.6.Indawo yokulayisha yemoto yokuqalisa ilinganiselwe, futhi abathuthukisi basebenzise amaphiko ebhethri elanga aguquguqukayo wokuthunyelwa kwe-multi-dimensional kanye nezinyathelo eziningi okokuqala ngqa e-China, futhi le nkinga ixazululwe ngobuhlakani.Ukuzuza ekusetshenzisweni kwamaseli elanga e-gallium arsenide e-triple-junction asebenza kahle kakhulu ekuguquleni i-photoelectric,wona, kanye namabhethri e-lithium-ion anamandla aphezulu, akha isistimu yamandla enamandla ukuze anikeze ugesi othembekile nowanele ongaphazamiseki esiteshini sasemkhathini..

Omunye umsebenzi okhethekile wephiko lebhethri ye-cabin ye-solar ukuthi lonke iphiko lingahlakazwa futhi lidluliselwe ngesikhathi se-orbit.Uma kucatshangelwa ukuthi amaphiko elanga le-solar cell cabin azovinjwa ngemva kokuphothulwa kokwakhiwa kwesiteshi sasemkhathini okulandelayo, okuzothinta ukukhiqizwa kukagesi, amaphiko amabili elanga elanga angahlakazwa futhi adluliselwe ngaphandle kwendlu osomkhathi nezingalo zamarobhothi. , futhi ifakwe emsileni wekhabethe lokuhlola ukuze kwethulwe okulandelayo.Ku-truss, isiteshi sokuhlinzeka amandla sakhiwe kabusha ku-orbit ukuze kubonakale umsebenzi wokwandisa amandla ku-orbit.

Isiteshi sasemkhathini besisebenza ngokuzinzile isikhathi eside ku-orbit, futhi osomkhathi bahlala isikhathi eside.Ukuphepha kwesiteshi wudaba olubucayi kakhulu.Lapho isiteshi sasemkhathini singena endaweni enomthunzi lapho ilanga lingenakukhanyiswa khona, ibhethri ye-lithium-ion inesibopho sokunika amandla yonke ikhabethe.Ukuqinisekisa kanjani ukuphepha kwebhethri?

Abacwaningi bathole isixazululo ngemuva kocwaningo lwesikhathi eside.Baklama aimpilo ende, amandla amakhulu, ukuphepha okuphezuluibhethri le-lithium-ion elihlangabezana nezidingo zokusebenza zesiteshi sasemkhathini.Ibhethri isebenzisa i-ceramic diaphragm, enomthelela omuhle wokuvimbela ama-short-circuits angaphakathi.Ngesikhathi esifanayo, izinto ezibamba ilangabi zisetshenziswa kuphakethe lebhethri ukuvimbela ibhethri ukuthi lingashi ngenxa yamazinga okushisa aphezulu.

Kubikwa ukuthi kunamasethi angu-6 amabhethri e-lithium-ion engxenyeni eyinhloko yesiteshi sasemkhathini, ngalinye linamaseli angama-66 angawodwa.Abacwaningi baphinde baklama uhlelo lokuphatha ibhethri ye-lithium ehlakaniphile ukuze kuzuzwe ukunemba okuphezulu, ukwethembeka okuphezulu, nokulawula ukushaja kwebhethri ye-lithium ephephile.Indlela yokuvikela enamazinga amathathu iyasebenza lapho ibhethri ishaja, futhi nokuqapha izinga lokushisa kuyasetshenziswa.Uma izinga lokushisa lokushaja liphezulu kunezinga lokushisa eliphephile elibekiwe, ibhethri izoshajwa ngokushesha.

Ngesikhathi sesiteshi sasemkhathini sisebenza ku-orbit iminyaka engaphezu kwe-10, osomkhathi badinga ukushintsha ngezikhathi ezithile amabhethri e-lithium ku-orbit.Ungaqinisekisa kanjani ukusebenza okuphephile kosomkhathi ngaphandle kokuthinta ukunikezwa kwamandla okujwayelekile kwesiteshi sasemkhathini?Abathuthukisi banikeze "umshwalense ophindwe kabili" wokusebenza kokubuyisela ibhethri ye-lithium.I-core compartment ineziteshi ezimbili zamandla.Uma enye yamashaneli idinga ukushintshwa ibhethri, enye ishaneli isetshenziswa njengesiphakeli samandla esikhulu.Kushaneli yamandla ngayinye, lapho ibhethri kunoma iyiphi iyunithi idinga ukushintshwa, iyunithi iyacishwa, futhi amayunithi amabili asele angaqinisekisa ukunikezwa kwamandla okujwayelekile kwalesi siteshi.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, abacwaningi bafake amaswishi amabili ahlukene ahlukene kumojula yebhethri ye-lithium-ion.Ngokunciphisa i-voltage yephakethe lebhethri ibe ibanga likagesi eliphephile lomzimba womuntu, ihlangabezana nemfuneko yamandla kagesi okuphepha angama-36-volt emzimbeni womuntu futhi ivikela osomkhathi abasensimini.Ukuphepha komuntu siqu ngesikhathi sokulungiswa kwesitimela.

Ngemva kokuba imojuli ewumgogodla yethulwe ngempumelelo, umsebenzi olandelayo kuzoba umkhumbi-mkhathi wezimpahla we-“Tianzhou II”, bese kwethulwa umkhumbi-mkhathi ophethwe umuntu.Ngemva kwedokhi ye-“Tianzhou II” enemojuli ewumgogodla, izothwala osomkhathi abathathu.Umkhumbi-mkhathi we-“Shenzhou XII” nawo uzongena esigabeni sokulungiselela ukwethulwa.Ukwethulwa kwe-module ye-Tianhe core kwavula ngokusemthethweni isethulo sokwakhiwa kwesiteshi sasemkhathini sase-China, futhi kwaba yingqopha-mlando ebalulekile emlandweni wokundiza komkhathi waseShayina.Kwaphawula ukuthi ukwakhiwa kwesiteshi sasemkhathini sezwe lami sekungene esigabeni sokusebenza ngokugcwele futhi kwabeka isisekelo esiqinile semishini elandelayo.