"Imodyuli yeTianhe Core" yaziswa ngempumelelo!Indlela yokusombulula ingxaki yokusetyenziswa kwamandla kwisikhululo sendawo kwaye ikhuselekile kangakanani?

Ngomhla wama-29 ku-Epreli, i-Long March 5B i-Yao-2 i-rocket yokuthwala i-rocket yathwala isikhululo sase-Tianhe imodyuli engundoqo emoyeni ngempumelelo kwi-Wenchang Space Launch Site e-China.Lo ngomnye umzuzu oyimbali kwimbali yesiphekepheke selizwe lam emva kwempumelelo epheleleyo yohambo lokuqala lwerokethi ethwele iLong March 5B ngoMeyi ka-2020.

        ISikhululo saMajukujuku saseTshayina, esibizwa ngokuba yiSikhululo saMajukujuku saseTshayina okanye iSikhululo saMajukujuku saseTiangong, yinkqubo yelabhoratri yasemajukujukwini eneempawu zamaTshayina ezidityaniswe kumjikelezo.Umphakamo we-orbital yesikhululo sasejukujukwini ziikhilomitha ezingama-400-450, i-angle yokuthambekela zii-degrees ezingama-42-43, isikhululo sasejukujukwini esinomntu sibizwa ngokuba yi “Tiangong”, kwaye isiphekepheke sempahla sibizwa ngokuba yi “Tianzhou”.ISikhululo seSithuba saseChina sisebenzisa iikhabhathi ezintathu "i-Tianhe Core Module", "iModyuli yoMvavanyo yeWentian" kunye ne "Mengtian Experimental Module" njengesiseko esisisiseko.

        Imodyuli engundoqo ye-Tianhe ngumyalelo kunye neziko lolawulo lwesikhululo sexesha elizayo.Ubomi bemihla ngemihla boosomajukujuku buya kuqhutywa apha, kwaye imifuniselo ethile yenzululwazi yasemajukujukwini kunye novavanyo lobugcisa luya kwenziwa apha.Ukuze wenze ubomi obude be-astronauts kwindawo ekhululekile ngakumbi, imodyuli engundoqo inikezela malunga ne-50 cubic metres yendawo yokuba oosomajukujuku basebenze kwaye baphile.Ukongeza ekuphuculeni indawo yokulala, indawo ekhethekileyo yococeko kunye nendawo yezemidlalo nayo yongezwa.Ukongeza, i-WIFI inokudityaniswa kwi-Intanethi kwi-cabin engundoqo.Ngesixokelelwano esikhulu kangaka, imfuno yombane iphuculwa ngokuhambelanayo ukuya kuthi ga kwi-"Tiangong No. 2", efuna ukukhuselwa ngamandla.

        Esithubeni, ekuphela komthombo wamandla wemodyuli engundoqo ngamandla elanga. Ngoko ke, i-Tianhe core cabin ixhotyiswe ngamabini amabini amaphiko eeseli zelanga ezinkulu, kunye nommandla omnye wephiko le-67 square metres.Iguqula amandla elanga abe ngamandla ombane kwindawo ekhanyisiweyo ukuze isetyenziswe kwindlwana yonke, kwaye kwangaxeshanye igcina amandla ebhetri ukuze isetyenziswe xa i-core cabin ibhabha isiya kwindawo enomthunzi.Umthamo wokuqala wokuvelisa amandla kwezi seti zimbini zamaphiko eeseli zelanga udlule kwi-18,000 watts, ukodlula kude nasiphi na isiphekepheke sangaphambili saseTshayina.

Ubude bephiko elinye lephiko lebhetri yelanga le "Tiangong-2" ziimitha ezi-3 kuphela, kwaye ukuhanjiswa kwephiko elinye lephiko lebhetri ye-Tianhe core cabin liye lanyuka laya kutsho kwi-12.6 yeemitha.Indawo yokulayisha isithuthi sokuqalisa silinganiselwe, kwaye abaphuhlisi basebenzise amaphiko ebhetri yelanga eguquguqukayo ye-multi-dimensional kunye ne-multi-step deployment okokuqala e-China, kwaye le ngxaki ixazululwe ngobuchule.Ukuxhamla kwisicelo se-triple-junction gallium arsenide iiseli zelanga ezinomgangatho ophezulu wokuguqulwa kweefoto zombane,bona, kunye neebhetri ze-lithium-ion zamandla aphezulu, benza inkqubo yamandla enamandla ukubonelela ngokuthembekileyo nokwaneleyo ukuvelisa amandla angaphazanyiswa kwisikhululo sasejukujukwini..

Omnye umsebenzi okhethekileyo wephiko lebhetri ye-cabin ye-solar kukuba iphiko lonke linokuchithwa kwaye lidluliselwe ngexesha lokujikeleza.Ukuthathela ingqalelo ukuba amaphiko eeseli zelanga ecabin engundoqo aya kuvalelwa emva kokugqitywa kolwakhiwo lwesikhululo sendawo esilandelayo, okuya kuchaphazela ukuveliswa kwamandla, amaphiko amabini eeseli zelanga anokwahlulwa kwaye adluliselwe ngaphandle kwekhabhin ngoosomajukujuku kunye neengalo zerobhothi. , kwaye ifakwe kumsila wekhabhinethi yovavanyo ukulungiselela ukuqaliswa okulandelayo.Kwi-truss, umjelo wokunikezelwa kwamandla wakhiwe ngokutsha kwi-orbit ukuqonda umsebenzi wokwandisa amandla kwi-orbit.

Isikhululo sasemajukujukwini sisebenza ngokuzinzileyo ixesha elide kwi-orbit, kwaye oosomajukujuku bahlala ixesha elide.Ukhuseleko lwesikhululo ngowona mba ubalulekileyo.Xa isikhululo sendawo sihamba kwindawo yomthunzi apho ilanga lingenako ukukhanyiswa, ibhetri ye-lithium-ion inoxanduva lokunika amandla i-cabin yonke.Indlela yokuqinisekisa ukhuseleko lwebhetri?

Abaphandi baye bafumana isisombululo emva kophando lwexesha elide.Bayila aubomi obude, umthamo omkhulu, ukhuseleko oluphezuluibhetri ye-lithium-ion ehlangabezana neemfuno zokusebenza zesikhululo sendawo.Ibhetri isebenzisa i-diaphragm ye-ceramic, enefuthe elihle lokuthintela ii-short-circuits zangaphakathi.Kwangaxeshanye, izinto ezinqanda amadangatye zisetyenziswa kwibhetri ukuthintela ukutsha kwebhetri ngenxa yobushushu obuphezulu.

Kuxelwe ukuba kukho iisethi ezi-6 zeebhetri ze-lithium-ion kwindawo engundoqo yesikhululo sesithuba, nganye ineeseli ezingama-66.Abaphandi baye baqulunqa inkqubo yokulawula ibhetri ye-lithium ehlakaniphile ukufezekisa ukuchaneka okuphezulu, ukuthembeka okuphezulu, kunye nokhuseleko oluphezulu lokutshaja ibhetri ye-lithium.Indlela yokukhusela yemigangatho emithathu iyasebenza xa ibhetri itshaja, kunye nokubeka iliso lobushushu kuphunyezwa.Xa ubushushu bokutshaja buphezulu kunexabiso elibekiweyo lobushushu elikhuselekileyo, ibhetri iya kuhlawuliswa ngoko nangoko.

Ngexesha lesikhululo sasemajukujukwini sisebenza kwi-orbit iminyaka engaphezu kwe-10, oosomajukujuku kufuneka batshintshe ngamaxesha athile iibhetri ze-lithium kwi-orbit.Indlela yokuqinisekisa ukusebenza ngokukhuselekileyo koosomajukujuku ngaphandle kokuchaphazela unikezelo lwamandla oluqhelekileyo lwesikhululo sendawo?Abaphuhlisi banikeze "i-inshurensi ephindwe kabini" kwi-lithium yokutshintshwa kwebhetri.I-core compartment ineendlela ezimbini zamandla.Xa enye yetshaneli ifuna ukutshintshwa ngebhetri, elinye itshaneli lisetyenziswa njengowona mbane uphambili.Kwijelo ngalinye lamandla, xa ibhetri kuyo nayiphi na iyunithi idinga ukutshintshwa, iyunithi inikwe amandla, kwaye iiyunithi ezimbini eziseleyo zinokuqinisekisa ukunikezelwa kwamandla okuqhelekileyo kwesi sixhobo.

Ukongeza, abaphandi bafake iiswitshi ezimbini ezihlukeneyo ezidibeneyo kwimodyuli yebhetri ye-lithium-ion.Ngokunciphisa amandla ombane wepakethi yebhetri kuluhlu lwamandla ombane akhuselekileyo emzimbeni womntu, ihlangabezana nemfuneko yamandla ombane angama-36 wokhuseleko lomzimba womntu kwaye ikhusela oosomajukujuku ebaleni.Ukhuseleko lomntu ngexesha lokugcinwa kukaloliwe.

Emva kokuba imodyuli engundoqo iqaliswe ngempumelelo, i-mission elandelayo iya kuba yi-"Tianzhou II" yesiphekepheke sempahla, kwaye emva koko kuya kuqaliswa isiphekepheke esiqhutywa ngumntu.Emva kweedokhi ze "Tianzhou II" ezinemodyuli engundoqo, iya kuthwala oosomajukujuku abathathu.Isiphekepheke se-"Shenzhou XII" siya kungena nakwisigaba sokulungiselela ukuqaliswa.Ukuphehlelelwa kwemodyuli engundoqo ye-Tianhe kwavula ngokusesikweni ingabula-zigcawu kulwakhiwo lwesikhululo sasemajukujukwini sase-China, kwaye ikwalinyathelo elibalulekileyo kwimbali yesiphekepheke saseTshayina esiqhutywa ngumntu.Kwaphawula ukuba ulwakhiwo lwesikhululo sasejukujukwini selizwe lam lungene kwinqanaba lokuphunyezwa ngokupheleleyo kwaye lwabeka isiseko esiluqilima semishini elandelayo.