Chang'e 5 yayi nasarar sauka a duniyar wata!

A 'yan kwanakin da suka gabata, nasarar harba jirgin na Chang'e-5 ya zama mafarin tafiya ta farko ta dawowar kasata daga samfurin abubuwan da ke wuce gona da iri.Da misalin karfe 23:00 na ranar 1 ga watan Disamba, binciken na Chang'e-5 ya yi nasarar sauka a yankin da aka zaba a gaban wata, wanda ya zama bincike na uku a kasar ta da ya yi nasarar aiwatar da saukar wata mai laushi.Bayan an yi nasarar sauka, a karkashin kulawar ƙasa, a hukumance mai filin jirgin zai fara aiki a saman duniyar wata na kusan kwanaki biyu don tattara samfuran wata.Da karfe 4:53 na ranar 2 ga watan Disamba, taron kasa da kasa na Chang'e-5 ya kammala aikin hako hako da kayan aikin wata.

Themc4 connectorAn yi amfani da shi a cikin Chang'e-5-Mai iya juyawa

An fahimci cewa ana sa ran Chang'e-5 zai cimma nasara "na farko a kasarmu" guda biyar, wato:samfuri da marufi na abubuwan da suka wuce ƙasa, tashi daga abubuwan da suka wuce ƙasa, yanayin duniyar wata da docking, ɗaukar samfuran don sake dawo da ƙasa mai sauri, ajiyar samfur, bincike da bincike.Ci gaba da gudanar da irin wannan gagarumin aikin ganowa, binciken na Chang'e-5 na bukatar karin kuzari fiye da duk wani binciken sararin samaniya da ya gabata a kasar Sin.Yadda za a tabbatar da wutar lantarki?

An tsara binciken na Chang'e-5 a matsayin hadaddiyar mota guda hudu, wacce ta kunshi sassa hudu:kasa, hawan hawan, orbiter, kumamai dawowa.Yana buƙatar cika maƙasudai guda uku na "zagaye, faɗuwa, da dawowa" lokaci ɗaya.Ana amfani da tsarin wutar lantarki ta hanyar samar da wutar lantarki.Mai sarrafawa, baturin lithium-ionkumasolar cell array.Don tabbatar da wannan manufa tare da mafi kyawun aiki,mai sarrafa wutar lantarki yana da takamaiman iko mafi girma a Chinada shugaban kasa da kasa.Ƙarfin ƙarfin baturi na lithium-ion don aikace-aikacen sararin samaniya shine mafi girma, kumarabon yankin array na hasken rana Ƙarfi shine mafi girma a ƙasar, daidaitawa zuwa jihohi da yawa na jiragen sama da yawa da matakan tashi da yawa.

A matsayin "kwakwalwa" na tsarin samar da wutar lantarki na mai ganowa, don magance matsalar karancin makamashi da iyakataccen albarkatun nauyi yayin jirgin Chang'e-5 quadruple, mai sarrafa wutar lantarki ya sami haɓaka daga PCU zuwa PCDU.A cewar darektan Chang'e No. 5 mai tsara kayan samar da wutar lantarki, daga PCU zuwa PCDU, shine haɓakawa daga aiki ɗaya zuwa ayyuka da yawa.A cikin ayyukan Chang'e-3 da na Chang'e-4, mai sarrafa wutar lantarki ya haɗa da tsarin sarrafa wutar lantarki kawai, yayin da Chang'e-5 ya haɗa ayyuka da yawa kamar tsarin sarrafa wutar lantarki, tsarin rarraba wutar lantarki, tsarin sarrafa pyrotechnics, da kuma naúrar dubawa mai hankali.Aikace-aikacen farko na aikin binciken wata.

Domin ƙara ƙarfin samar da wutar lantarki na tsarin hasken rana, Chang'e-5hasken ranaan tsara kewaye donkara girman wurin faci a gaban tsararrun cell na rana.Koyaya, yayin ayyukan bincike na wata, an taƙaita yankin da hasken rana.A lokaci guda, ba kamar tauraron dan adam na yau da kullun ba, daidaitawar binciken da kansa yana ƙayyade siffar da ba daidai ba na bangarori.Fuskokin hasken rana na Chang'e-5 suna da triangles da polygons.Da sauran siffofi masu yawa.Yadda za a magance kananan substrate yankin da m siffar?

Don samfuran tauraron dan adam gabaɗaya, masu haɓakawa suna amfani da sel masu girman hasken rana ne kawai lokacin zayyana da'irorin ƙwayoyin rana.Ga Chang'e-5, masu haɓakawa sun karya tunanin al'ada kuma sun yi amfani da batura masu girma dabam don haɗa zanen zane, ta yadda ingancin zanen ya kai fiye da 91%, wanda ya kai kashi 5% zuwa 10% fiye da na yau da kullun.

A lokaci guda, Chang'e-5 ya zaɓiKwayoyin hasken rana mafi girma.Ingantattun hanyoyin canza wutar lantarki na Chang'e-3 da Chang'e-4 sun kasance 28.6% da 30.84%, bi da bi, yayin da Chang'e-5 ya kai fiye da 31%.Bayan aiki tukuru, ikon da ake fitarwa a kowane yanki na na'urar hasken rana ta Chang'e-5 ba kawai a lokacin samar da kayayyaki ba ne, amma har yanzu, shi ne matakin koli a kasar Sin.

”Takamammen makamashi” yana ɗaya daga cikin mahimman alamun aikin batir lithium-ion.Mafi girman ƙimar, ana iya adana ƙarin kuzari a kowace juzu'i ko nauyi.A cewar mai zanen da ke kula da baturin lithium-ion na Chang'e-5, masu haɓakawa sun ƙara nauyin batir "takamaiman makamashi" na samfuran Chang'e-5 zuwa 195Wh/kg (watt-hour kowace kilogram).Wannan darajar a halin yanzu ita ce mafi girman darajar "takamaiman makamashi" na batir lithium-ion da ake amfani da su a sararin samaniya.

Dangane da yanayin aiki na Chang'e-5, bayan isa ga duniyar wata, haɗin ƙasa da hawan hawan ya rabu da mahaɗin mai kewayawa da mai komowa, kuma mai tudu da mai hawan sama suna faɗo a saman duniyar wata don fara tattara samfurori a saman duniyar wata.Bayan yin cikakken lissafin lokacin manufa akan farfajiyar wata da yanayin aiki na samfuran samar da wutar lantarki, bisa ga tsarin gabaɗaya,masu haɓakawa sun inganta ƙirar makamashi na ƙasa da taron hawan hawan.

Abubuwan wutar lantarki na ƙasa sun haɗa datsarin hasken ranakumamasu kula da wutar lantarki, da kuma kayan wutar lantarki na hawan hawan sun hada datsarin hasken rana, masu kula da wutar lantarkikumabaturi lithium-ion.Kafin rabuwa, a lokacin tashin jirgin da lokacin wata, da'irar batirin hasken rana na ƙasa ta ɗauki alhakin.samar da wutar lantarki ga jikin da aka hade;kuma lokacin da aka rabu da jiki a lokacin wata, mai hawan hawan ya canza aikinsa da sauri, kuma da'irar batirin rana.Power kantaa lokacin lokacin haske.A cikin lokacin da ba a haskaka ba, mai ƙasa da mai hawan sama suna raba saitin batir lithium-ion, waɗandaba da iko ga taron.

Bugu da kari, an harba Chang'e-5 da sanyin safiya, wanda kuma yana da alaka da karfin baturi.Ƙarfin baturin jirgin yana da iyaka.Don Chang'e 5 ya tashi daga nesa mai nisa a sararin samaniya,dole ne a haska shi da rana.Zabi kaddamar da shi da sanyin safiya, lokacin da Chang'e 5 ke tashi zuwa dubun dubatar kilomita, baturin zai iya samun ci gaba mai amfani da hasken rana ta hanyar mafi girman kusurwar haske.

Aikin binciken duniyar wata na kasar Sin, bayan shafe shekaru 10 ana yin shawarwari, daga karshe an raba shi zuwa matakai uku: "zagaye", "fadowa" da "dawowa": Matakin farko shi ne "a kusa": harba tauraron dan adam mai binciken duniyar wata "Chang'e-1" kuma daga baya An yi amfani da "Chang'e-2" don bincika yanayin yanayin duniyar wata, yanayin ƙasa, yanayin ƙasa, tsarin ƙasa da filin zahiri;mataki na biyu na "fall": "Chang'e-3" da "Chang'e-4" aka kaddamar, tare da taushi saukowa Saukowa a kan wata domin ganewa;mataki na uku “dawowa”: ƙaddamar da “Chang'e-5”,makasudin shine yin sintiri da samfurin saman duniyar wata.

Nasarar harbawa da saukar wata na binciken Chang'e-5 muhimmin mataki ne a cikin kashi na uku na "dawowa."Ƙarshen wannan lokacin aikin zai kawo fasahar sararin samaniyar ƙasata zuwa wani sabon matsayi.