Chang'e 5 yakabudirira kumhara pamwedzi!

Mazuva mashoma apfuura, kutangwa kwakabudirira kweChang'e-5 kuferefeta kwakaratidza kutanga kwerwendo rwekutanga rwenyika yangu kudzoka kubva mukutorwa kwezvimwe zvinhu zviri kunze kwenyika.Kuma 23:00 musi wa1 Zvita, probe yeChang'e-5 yakasvika zvakanaka munzvimbo yakanga yasarudzwa yekumhara pamberi pemwedzi, ikava tsvakiridzo yechitatu yenyika yangu kuti ibudirire kudzika nemwedzi munyoro.Mushure mekumhara kwakabudirira, pasi pekutonga kwevhu, muridzi wemba anotanga zviri pamutemo kushanda panzvimbo yemwedzi kwemazuva maviri kuti atore sampuli dzemwedzi.Na4:53 musi wa2 Zvita, Chang'e-5 lander and ascender assembly vakapedza kuchera nekupakura kwemwedzi.

Themc4 chinongedzoinoshandiswa muChang'e-5-Slocable

Zvinonzwisisika kuti Chang'e-5 inotarisirwa kuwana zvishanu "kutanga munyika yedu", zvinoti:sampling uye kurongedza kwezvinhu zviri kunze kwenyika, kubviswa kwezvinhu zviri kunze kwenyika, lunar orbital rendezvous uye docking, kutakura masampuli ekumhanya-mhanya kudzoka kwepasi, kuchengetedza sampuli, kuongorora uye kudzidza..Kutakura basa rinorema rekuona, Chang'e-5 probe inoda simba rakawanda kupfuura chero yapfuura mwedzi uye yakadzika nzvimbo probes muChina.Nzira yekuona sei magetsi ayo?

Iyo Chang'e-5 probe yakagadzirwa semusangano wemotokari ina, iyo inoumbwa nezvikamu zvina:lander, ascender, orbiter,uyereturner.Inoda kupedzisa zvinangwa zvitatu zve "kutenderera, kudonha, uye kudzoka" panguva imwe chete.Simba remagetsi rinoshandiswa nemagetsi.Controller, lithium-ion bhatiri packuyesolar cell array.Kuti ive nechokwadi chechinangwa ichi nekuita kwakanyanya,mutongi wemagetsi ane simba repamusoro-soro muChinauye mutungamiri wenyika yose.Iyo chaiyo simba relithium-ion bhatiri rekushandisa aerospace ndiro rakakwirira,uyeiyo solar cell array area ratio Simba ndiro rakakwirira munyika, kuchinjira kune dzakawanda nyika dzendege dzakawanda uye akawanda nhanho dzekubhururuka.

Sezvo "uropi" hwemagetsi emagetsi emagetsi, kuitira kugadzirisa dambudziko rekushomeka kwesimba uye huremu hushoma zviwanikwa panguva yekubhururuka kweChang'e-5 quadruple, mutongi wemagetsi akagadziridzwa kubva kuPCU kuenda kuPCDU.Maererano nemutungamiri weChang'e No. 5 magetsi ekugadzira chigadzirwa chekugadzira, kubva kuPCU kusvika kuPCDU, ndiko kukwidziridzwa kubva kune rimwe basa kusvika kune-multi-function.MuChang'e-3 uye Chang'e-4 mishoni, mutongi wesimba anongosanganisira iyo module yemagetsi, nepo Chang'e-5 ichibatanidza akati wandei mabasa akadai semagetsi regulation module, simba rekugovera module, pyrotechnics control module, uye Intelligent interface unit.Iko kushandiswa kwekutanga kwepurojekiti yekuongorora kwemwedzi.

Kuti uwedzere kugadzirwa kwemagetsi kwesolar cell array, iyo Chang'e-5solar celldunhu rakagadzirirwa kutiwedzera nzvimbo yechigamba pamberi pesolar cell array.Nekudaro, panguva yekuongorora kwemwedzi mishoni, nzvimbo ye solar panel inorambidzwa zvakanyanya.Panguva imwecheteyo, kusiyana nemasatelliti akajairwa, kugadziridzwa kweiyo probe pachayo kunosarudza chimiro chisina kujairika chepaneru.Solar panels eChang'e-5 ane makona matatu nemaporigoni.Uye mamwe akawanda maumbirwo.Nzira yekuita sei nediki substrate nzvimbo uye chimiro chinoshamisa?

Kune akajairwa setiraiti modhi, vagadziri vanongoshandisa imwe-saizi solar maseru pakugadzira solar cell circuits.Nokuda kweChang'e-5, vagadziri vakaputsa mafungiro echinyakare uye vakashandisa mabhatiri ehukuru hwakasiyana-siyana kusanganisa machira emucheka, kuitira kuti jira rejira rinoshanda rakasvika kupfuura 91%, iyo yaiva 5% kusvika 10% yakakwirira kudarika zvigadzirwa zvekare.

Panguva imwecheteyo, Chang'e-5 yakasarudzamasero ezuva epamusoro-soro.Iyo photoelectric kutendeuka efficiencies yeChang'e-3 uye Chang'e-4 solar masero aive 28.6% uye 30.84%, zvichiteerana, nepo Chang'e-5 yakasvika kupfuura 31%.Mushure mekushanda nesimba, simba rekubuda pachikamu chechikamu cheChang'e-5 solar panel haisi chete panguva yekugadzirwa kwechigadzirwa, asi kunyangwe ikozvino, ndiyo yepamusoro-soro muChina.

”Simba chairo” ndechimwe chezviratidziro zvakakosha zvemabhatiri e-lithium-ion.Iyo yakakwirira kukosha, iyo yakawanda simba inogona kuchengetwa pachiyero cheyuniti kana huremu.Sekureva kwemugadziri anotarisira Chang'e-5 lithium-ion bhatiri, vagadziri vakawedzera huremu hwebhatiri "chaiyo simba" reChang'e-5 rine hukama kune 195Wh/kg (watt-awa pakirogiramu).Kukosha uku ndiko kunonyanya kukosha kwe "specific energy" ye lithium-ion mabhatiri anoshandiswa mumhepo.

Zvinoenderana nemaitiro ekushanda eChang'e-5, mushure mekusvika kumwedzi wekutenderera, musanganiswa welander uye ascender unopatsanura kubva kune orbiter uye inodzosa musanganiswa, uye lander uye anokwira anowira pamusoro pemwedzi kuti atange kuunganidza sampuli panzvimbo yemwedzi.Mushure mekutora nhoroondo yakazara yenguva yemamishinari pane yemwedzi uye maitiro ekushanda ezvigadzirwa zvemagetsi, zvinoenderana nehurongwa hwese,vagadziri vakagadzirisa dhizaini yesimba re lander uye ascender assembly.

Zvigadzirwa zvemagetsi zve lander zvinosanganisirasolar cell arraysuyevatariri vemagetsi, uye zvigadzirwa zvemagetsi zveascender zvinosanganisirasolar cell arrays, vatariri vemagetsiuyelithium-ion mabhatiri.Vasati vaparadzana, panguva yechikamu chekubhururuka uye chikamu chemwedzi, bhatiri rezuva renyika yepasi rakatora basakupa simba kumuviri wakabatanidzwa;uye apo muviri wakabatanidzwa wakaparadzaniswa muchikamu chemwedzi, ascender yakakurumidza kuchinja basa rayo, uye bhatiri rezuva.Simba pacharomunguva yechiedza.Munguva isina kuvhenekerwa, iyo lander uye ascender inogovera seti ye lithium-ion mabhatiri, ayoipai simba kuungano.

Mukuwedzera, Chang'e-5 yakatangwa mangwanani-ngwanani, iyo ine hukamawo nehuwandu hwebhatiri.Kuwanda kwebhatiri rechitundumuseremusere kunogumira.Kuti Chang'e 5 ibhururuke madaro marefu mudenga,inofanira kuvhenekerwa nezuva.Sarudza kutanga mangwanani-ngwanani, kana Chang'e 5 ichibhururuka kusvika makumi ezviuru zvemakiromita, bhatiri rinogona kuwana kuyerera kwakadzikama kwesimba rezuva kuburikidza nepamusoro pekona yekuvhenekera.

Chirongwa cheChina chekuongorora mwedzi, mushure memakore gumi ekufunga, chinozokamurwa kuita matanho matatu: "kutenderera", "kudonha" uye "kudzoka": Danho rekutanga "kutenderera": kutangisa setiraiti yekuongorora kwemwedzi "Chang'e-1" uye gare gare "Chang'e-2" yakashandiswa kuongorora mamiriro ekunze kwemwedzi, maumbirwo evhu, nzvimbo, chimiro che geological uye chimiro chemuviri;chikamu chechipiri che "kuwa": "Chang'e-3" uye "Chang'e-4" chakatangwa, nekumhara kwakapfava Kumhara pamwedzi kuti zvionekwe;danho rechitatu "kudzoka": kutanga "Chang'e-5",chinangwa ndechekuongorora uye kuenzanisa nzvimbo yemwedzi.

Kuvhurwa kwakabudirira uye kumhara kwemwedzi kweChang'e-5 probe inhanho yakakosha muchikamu chechitatu che "kudzoka."Kupera kwenguva ino yeprojekiti kuchaunza tekinoroji yenyika yangu kune imwe nhanho.