I-Chang'e 5 ifike ngempumelelo enyangeni!

Kwiintsuku ezimbalwa ezidlulileyo, ukuphehlelelwa ngempumelelo kwe-Chang'e-5 probe kwaphawula isiqalo sohambo lwelizwe lam lokuqala lokubuya ukusuka kwisampuli yezinto ezingaphandle komhlaba.Malunga nentsimbi ye-23:00 nge-1 kaDisemba, i-Chang'e-5 probe yafika ngempumelelo kwindawo yokuma esele ikhethwe ngaphambili enyangeni, yaba luphando lwesithathu lwelizwe lam ukuphumeza ngempumelelo ukumisa okuthambileyo kwenyanga.Emva kokufika ngempumelelo, phantsi kolawulo lomhlaba, umnini-mhlaba uya kuqalisa ngokusemthethweni ukusebenza kwindawo yenyanga malunga neentsuku ezimbini ukuqokelela iisampulu zenyanga.Nge-4:53 nge-2 kaDisemba, i-Chang'e-5 lander and ascender assembly yagqibezela ukugrumba iisampulu kunye nokupakishwa.

Imc4 isidibanisiisetyenziswe kwiChang'e-5-Slocable

Kuyaqondwa ukuba uChang'e-5 kulindeleke ukuba aphumeze isihlanu “kuqala kwilizwe lethu”, ezizezi:iisampulu kunye nokupakishwa kwezinto ezingaphandle komhlaba, ukumka kwezinto ezingaphandle komhlaba, i-lunar orbital rendezvous kunye ne-docking, ukuthwala iisampulu zokungena kwakhona komhlaba ngesantya esiphezulu, ugcino lwesampulu, uhlalutyo kunye nophononongo..Ithwele uthumo olunzima ngolo hlobo, i-Chang'e-5 probe ifuna amandla amaninzi kunayo nayiphi na i-probes yangaphambili yenyanga kunye nesithuba esinzulu e-China.Indlela yokuqinisekisa unikezelo lwalo lwamandla?

I-Chang'e-5 probe iyilwe njengendibano yeenqwelo ezine, eyenziwe ngamacandelo amane:lander, ukunyuka, i-orbiter, kwayeumbuyiseli.Kufuneka igqibezele iinjongo ezintathu “zokujikeleza, ukuwa, nokubuya” ngaxeshanye.Isixokelelwano samandla sinikwa amandla ombane.Umlawuli, ipakethe yebhetri ye-lithium-ionkwayeuluhlu lweeseli zelanga.Ukuqinisekisa lo msebenzi ngowona msebenzi ubalaseleyo,umlawuli wamandla unamandla athile aphezulu e-Chinakunye nenkokeli yehlabathi.Amandla athile ebhetri ye-lithium-ion kwizicelo ze-aerospace ngawona aphezulu, kwayei-solar cell array area ratio Amandla ngowona aphezulu kwilizwe, ukuziqhelanisa neemeko ezininzi zeenqwelomoya ezininzi kunye nezigaba ezininzi zokubhabha.

Njengoko "ingqondo" yenkqubo yokunikezelwa kwamandla ye-detector, ukwenzela ukusombulula ingxaki yokunqongophala kwamandla kunye nezixhobo ezinobunzima obuncinci ngexesha lokuhamba kwe-Chang'e-5 quadruple, umlawuli wamandla uye waphucula ukusuka kwi-PCU ukuya kwi-PCDU.Ngokomlawuli we-Chang'e No. 5 umyili wemveliso yombane, ukusuka kwi-PCU ukuya kwi-PCDU, kukuphucula ukusuka kumsebenzi omnye ukuya kwi-multi-function.Kwi-Chang'e-3 kunye ne-Chang'e-4 imisebenzi, umlawuli wamandla uquka kuphela imodyuli yokulawula amandla, ngelixa i-Chang'e-5 idibanisa imisebenzi emininzi efana nemodyuli yokulawula amandla, imodyuli yokusabalalisa amandla, imodyuli yokulawula i-pyrotechnics, kunye iyunithi yojongano olukrelekrele.Ukusetyenziswa kokuqala kweprojekthi yokuhlola inyanga.

Ukuze kwandiswe ukuveliswa kwamandla kwi-solar cell array, i-Chang'e-5iseli yelangaisekethe yenzelwe ukubakwandisa indawo yesiziba ngaphambili kwiseli yelanga.Nangona kunjalo, ngexesha lokuhlola inyanga, indawo yeepaneli zelanga ithintelwe kakhulu.Ngexesha elifanayo, ngokungafaniyo neesathelayithi eziqhelekileyo, ukucwangciswa kweprobe ngokwayo kumisela imilo engaqhelekanga yeepaneli.Iiphaneli zelanga zeChang'e-5 zinonxantathu kunye neepolygons.Kwaye ezinye iimilo ezininzi.Indlela yokujongana nommandla omncinci we-substrate kunye nesimo esingaqhelekanga?

Kwiimodeli zesathelayithi jikelele, abaphuhlisi basebenzisa kuphela iiseli zelanga ezinobungakanani obunye xa beyila iisekethe zeeseli zelanga.Kwi-Chang'e-5, abaphuhlisi baqhekeza ukucinga okuqhelekileyo kwaye basebenzisa iibhetri zobukhulu obahlukeneyo ukuxuba amaphepha e-cloth, ukwenzela ukuba i-cloth sheet esebenzayo ifikelele ngaphezu kwe-91%, eyayiyi-5% ukuya kwi-10% ephezulu kuneemveliso eziqhelekileyo.

Kwangaxeshanye, uChang'e-5 wakhethaiiseli zelanga ezisebenza kakuhle kakhulu.Ukuguqulwa kwe-photoelectric ukuguqulwa kwe-Chang'e-3 kunye ne-Chang'e-4 iiseli zelanga zazingama-28.6% kunye ne-30.84%, ngokulandelanayo, ngelixa i-Chang'e-5 ifikelele ngaphezu kwe-31%.Emva komsebenzi onzima, amandla aphumayo kwindawo nganye yepaneli yelanga yeChang'e-5 ayikho kuphela ngexesha lophuhliso lwemveliso, kodwa nangoku, lelona nqanaba liphezulu eTshayina.

”Amandla athile” yenye yezalathisi ezibalulekileyo zokusebenza kweebhetri ze-lithium-ion.Ixabiso eliphezulu, amandla amaninzi anokugcinwa ngeyunithi nganye umthamo okanye ubunzima.Ngokomyili ophethe ibhetri ye-lithium-ion ye-Chang'e-5, abaphuhlisi baye bandisa ubunzima bebhetri "amandla athile" emveliso ehambelana ne-Chang'e-5 ukuya kwi-195Wh / kg (iyure ye-watt ngekhilogram).Eli xabiso okwangoku lilona xabiso liphezulu "lamandla athile" eebhetri ze-lithium-ion ezisetyenziswa kwi-aerospace.

Ngokwendlela yokusebenza ye-Chang'e-5, emva kokufikelela kwi-orbit yenyanga, i-lander kunye ne-ascender indibaniselwano iyahlukana kwi-orbiter kunye ne-returner indibaniselwano, kwaye i-lander kunye ne-ascender iwela kwindawo yenyanga ukuqala ukuqokelela iisampulu kumphezulu wenyanga.Emva kokuthatha iakhawunti epheleleyo yexesha lobuthunywa kumphezulu wenyanga kunye nemowudi yokusebenza yeemveliso zobonelelo lwamandla, ngokwesicwangciso esipheleleyo,abaphuhlisi baluphucule uyilo lwamandla e-lander kunye ne-ascender assembly.

Iimveliso zamandla omhlaba zibandakanyaiiseli zelangakwayeabalawuli bamandla, kunye neemveliso zamandla zokunyuka zibandakanyaiiseli zelanga, abalawuli bamandlakwayeiibhetri ze-lithium-ion.Ngaphambi kokwahlula, ngexesha lesigaba sokubhabha kunye nesigaba senyanga, isekethe yebhetri yelanga yomhlali wathatha uxanduvaukunika amandla kumzimba odibeneyo;kwaye xa umzimba odibeneyo wahlulwa kwisigaba senyanga, i-ascender yatshintsha ngokukhawuleza indima yayo, kunye nesekethe yebhetri yelanga.Amandla ngokwawongexesha lokukhanya.Kwixesha elingakhanyisi, i-lander kunye ne-ascender yabelana ngesethi yebhetri ye-lithium-ion, leyondinike amandla ebandleni.

Ukongeza, i-Chang'e-5 yaziswa ngentseni, ekwanxulumene nomthamo webhetri.Umthamo webhetri yesiphekepheke ulinganiselwe.Ukuze uChang'e 5 abhabhe imigama emide esithubeni,kufuneka kukhanyiswe lilanga.Khetha ukuqalisa ekuseni, xa i-Chang'e 5 ibhabha ukuya kumashumi amawaka eekhilomitha, ibhetri inokufumana umjelo oqhubekayo wamandla elanga ngokusebenzisa i-angle enkulu yokukhanya.

Iprojekthi yokuhlola inyanga yaseTshayina, emva kweminyaka eyi-10 yokuxoxisana, ekugqibeleni yahlulahlulwe yangamanqanaba amathathu: "ejikelezileyo", "ukuwa" kunye "nokubuyisela": Inqanaba lokuqala "lijikeleze": ukuqaliswa kwesathelayithi yokuhlola inyanga "Chang'e-1" kwaye kamva i-“Chang'e-2″ yasetyenziswa ukuphonononga okusingqongileyo komphezulu wenyanga, ubume bomhlaba, i-Topography, ubume bejoloji kunye nommandla wembonakalo;inqanaba lesibini “lokuwa”: “I-Chang’e-3” kunye ne “Chang’e-4″ yasungulwa, ngokuma okuthambileyo UkuHlala enyangeni ukuze kubonwe;inqanaba lesithathu “return”: sungula “Chang’e-5″,injongo kukugada kunye nesampula umphezulu wenyanga.

Ukuqaliswa ngempumelelo kunye nokufika kwenyanga kwe-Chang'e-5 probe linyathelo elibalulekileyo kwisigaba sesithathu "sokubuya."Ukuphela kweli xesha leprojekthi kuza kuzisa ubuchwephesha belizwe lam kwinqanaba elitsha.