Ị maara ihe bụ Photovoltaic (PV) Waya?

       Igwe fotovoltaic, nke a makwaara dị ka waya PV, bụ otu waya onye na-eduzi eji jikọọ ogwe ọkụ ọkụ fotovoltaic.

Akụkụ na-eduzi nke eriri fotovoltaic bụ onye na-eduzi ọla kọpa ma ọ bụ onye na-eduzi ọla kọpa nke tin-plated, mkpuchi mkpuchi bụ ihe mkpuchi polyolefin crosslinked, na n'ọbọ bụ radieshon crosslinked polyolefin mkpuchi.Ọnụ ọgụgụ dị ukwuu nke eriri DC na ọdụ ọkụ fotovoltaic kwesịrị ịtọpụ n'èzí, na ọnọdụ gburugburu ebe obibi dị njọ.Ihe eriri USB kwesịrị ịdabere na mgbochi ultraviolet, ozone, mgbanwe okpomọkụ siri ike na mbuze kemịkal.Ọ kwesịrị ịbụ ihe na-egosi mmiri, mgbochi ikpughe, oyi, na-eguzogide okpomọkụ, na mgbochi ultraviolet.N'ebe ụfọdụ pụrụ iche, a na-achọkwa ihe ndị dị ka acid na alkali.

Achọrọ Wiring koodu

NEC (National Electric Code of the United States) mepụtara usoro 690 Solar Photovoltaic (PV) iji duzie usoro ike eletriki, nhazi usoro nke usoro fotovoltaic, ndị ntụgharị na ndị na-achịkwa ụgwọ.A na-ejikarị NEC eme ihe na nrụnye dị iche iche na United States (ụkpụrụ mpaghara nwere ike itinye).

Usoro 2017 NEC Nkeji edemede 690 Nkebi IV na-enye ohere iji usoro waya dị iche iche mee ihe na usoro fotovoltaic.Maka ndị na-eduzi otu, a na-ahapụ iji UL-certified USE-2 (ọnụ ụzọ ọrụ n'okpuru ala) na ụdị waya PV n'èzí n'èzí nke fotovoltaic ike sekit na fotovoltaic array.Ọ na-enye ohere ka etinye eriri PV na trays maka sekit isi iyi PV n'èzí na sekit mmepụta PV na-enweghị mkpa maka iji akara.Ọ bụrụ na ọkụ ọkụ fotovoltaic na mmepụta sekit na-arụ ọrụ n'elu 30 volts na ebe a na-enweta, enwere n'ezie njedebe.N'okwu a, a chọrọ ụdị MC ma ọ bụ onye nduzi kwesịrị ekwesị arụnyere n'okporo ụzọ ọsọ.

NEC anaghị amata aha ụdị Canada, dị ka eriri RWU90, RPV ma ọ bụ RPVU nke na-enweghị ngwa UL nwere asambodo dabara adaba.Maka nrụnye na Canada, 2012 CEC Nkebi nke 64-210 na-enye ozi gbasara ụdị wiring ekwenyere maka ngwa fotovoltaic.

Ihe dị iche n'etiti eriri fotovoltaic na eriri nkịtị

Uru PV

Ihe dị iche iche nke enwere ike iji maka eriri nkịtị bụ ihe njikọ njikọ njikọ dị elu dị elu dị ka polyvinyl chloride (PVC), roba, elastomer (TPE) na polyethylene cross-linked (XLPE), mana ọ bụ ihe nwute na ndị kachasị elu. okpomọkụ maka eriri ndị nkịtị Na mgbakwunye, a na-ejikarị eriri PVC mkpuchi nwere okpomọkụ nke 70 ℃ eme ihe n'èzí, ma ha enweghị ike izute ihe achọrọ nke okpomọkụ dị elu, nchebe UV na nguzogide oyi.
Ọ bụ ezie na eriri fotovoltaic na-ekpuchikarị ìhè anyanwụ, a na-ejikarị usoro ike anyanwụ eme ihe na gburugburu ebe obibi siri ike, dị ka obere okpomọkụ na ultraviolet radieshon.N'ụlọ ma ọ bụ ná mba ọzọ, mgbe ihu igwe dị mma, okpomọkụ kachasị elu nke usoro anyanwụ ga-adị elu dị ka 100 ℃.

— — Ibu mgbochi igwe

Maka eriri fotovoltaic, n'oge ntinye na ntinye, eriri nwere ike ịfesa n'akụkụ dị nkọ nke nhazi ụlọ.N'otu oge ahụ, eriri ndị ahụ ga-eguzogide nrụgide, na-ehulata, esemokwu, ihe mgbagwoju anya na-eguzogide na mmetụta siri ike, nke dị elu karịa eriri ndị nkịtị.Ọ bụrụ na ị na-eji eriri ndị nkịtị, n'ọbọ ahụ nwere ọrụ nchebe UV na-adịghị mma, nke ga-eme ka ịka nká nke eriri elu nke eriri ahụ, nke ga-emetụta ndụ ọrụ nke eriri, nke nwere ike iduga n'ọdịdị nke nsogbu dị ka obere eriri USB. , mkpu ọkụ, na mmerụ ahụ dị ize ndụ nye ndị ọrụ.Mgbe emechara ya, jaket mkpuchi mkpuchi fotovoltaic nwere okpomọkụ dị elu na nguzogide oyi, nguzogide mmanụ, acid na nnu nnu, nchebe UV, ọkụ ọkụ, na nchekwa gburugburu ebe obibi.A na-ejikarị eriri ọkụ fotovoltaic eme ihe na gburugburu ebe ọjọọ nwere ndụ ọrụ karịa afọ 25.

Isi arụmọrụ

1. DC iguzogide

The DC eguzogide nke conductive isi nke okokụre cable na 20 ℃ bụghị ihe karịrị 5.09Ω / km.

2. Nnwale voltaji imikpu mmiri

The okokụre cable (20m) agaghị agbajikwa mgbe e mikpuru na (20± 5) ℃ mmiri maka 1h mgbe 5min voltaji ule (AC 6.5kV ma ọ bụ DC 15kV).

3. Ogologo oge DC voltaji na-eguzogide

Ogologo ihe nlele bụ 5m, gbakwunye (85 ± 2) ℃ mmiri distilled nwere 3% NaCl (240 ± 2) h, wee kewaa elu mmiri site na 30cm.Tinye voltaji DC 0.9kV n'etiti isi na mmiri (a na-ejikọta isi ihe na-eduzi, na mmiri na-ejikọta na Nick).Mgbe iwepụtachara mpempe akwụkwọ ahụ, mee nnwale voltaji imikpu mmiri.Voltage ule bụ AC 1kV, ọ dịghịkwa mmebi achọrọ.

4. mkpuchi mkpuchi

The mkpuchi mkpuchi nke okokụre cable na 20 ℃ bụghị ihe na-erughị 1014Ω · cm,
The mkpuchi mkpuchi nke okokụre cable na 90 ℃ bụghị ihe na-erughị 1011Ω · cm.

5. Mgbochi elu nke n'ọbọ

Nguzogide elu nke ngwunye eriri USB agwụla ekwesịghị ịbụ ihe na-erughị 109Ω.

Nnwale arụmọrụ

1. Nnwale nrụgide dị elu (GB/T2951.31-2008)

Okpomọkụ (140± 3) ℃, oge 240min, k=0.6, omimi indentation adịghị agafe 50% nke mkpokọta mkpuchi mkpuchi na n'ọbọ.Ma mepụta AC6.5kV, 5min voltaji ule, ọ dịghị mmebi a chọrọ.

2. Nnwale ikpo ọkụ

A na-etinye ihe nlele ahụ na gburugburu ebe okpomọkụ nke 90 ℃ na iru mmiri nke 85% maka 1000h.Mgbe oyi na-ekpo ọkụ n'ime ụlọ, mgbanwe mgbanwe nke ike nkwụsị bụ ≤-30% na mgbanwe mgbanwe nke elongation na nkwụsịtụ bụ ≤-30% ma e jiri ya tụnyere tupu ule ahụ.

3. Acid na alkali eguzogide ule (GB/T2951.21-2008)

A na-emikpu ìgwè abụọ nke ihe atụ na ngwọta oxalic acid na ntinye nke 45g / L na sodium hydroxide ngwọta na ntinye nke 40g / L, na okpomọkụ nke 23 ° C maka 168h.E jiri ya tụnyere ngwọta tupu imikpu mmiri, mgbanwe mgbanwe ike nkwụsịtụ bụ ≤± 30%, elongation na nkwụsịtụ ≥100%.

4. Nnwale ndakọrịta

Mgbe eriri USB dum mere agadi maka 7 × 24h na (135 ± 2) ℃, mgbanwe mgbanwe nke ike nkwụsị tupu na mgbe ịka nká bụ ≤ ± 30%, mgbanwe mgbanwe nke elongation na nkwụsịtụ bụ ≤ ± 30%;mgbanwe mgbanwe nke ike nkwụsị tupu na mgbe sheath na-aka nká bụ ≤ -30%, mgbanwe mgbanwe nke elongation na nkwụsịtụ ≤± 30%.

5. Nnwale mmetụta dị ala (8.5 na GB/T2951.14-2008)

Okpomọkụ oyi -40 ℃, oge 16h, arọ nke dobe arọ 1000g, arọ nke mmetụta ngọngọ 200g, elu nke dobe 100mm, e kwesịghị ịhụ cracks n'elu.

6. Obere okpomọkụ ekwe ule (8.2 na GB/T2951.14-2008)

Okpomọkụ jụrụ oyi (-40 ± 2) ℃, oge 16h, dayameta nke mkpanaka ule bụ 4 ka 5 ugboro mpụta dayameta nke USB, winding 3 ka 4 ugboro, mgbe ule, e kwesịrị ọ dịghị anya cracks na n'ọbọ. elu.

7. Ozone eguzogide ule

Ogologo ihe nlele ahụ bụ 20cm, a na-etinyekwa ya n'ime arịa ihicha maka awa 16.The dayameta nke ule mkpara na-eji na-ehulata ule bụ (2± 0.1) ugboro mpụta dayameta nke eriri.Ụlọ nyocha: okpomọkụ (40 ± 2) ℃, iru mmiri ikwu (55 ± 5)%, ozone ịta (200± 50) × 10-6%, Ikuku ikuku: 0.2 ka 0.5 ugboro nke ọnụ ụlọ / min.A na-etinye ihe nlele ahụ n'ime igbe ule maka awa 72.Mgbe ule ahụ gasịrị, ọ dịghị ihe mgbawa a na-ahụ anya na elu n'ọbọ ahụ.

8. Nnwale ihu igwe / ultraviolet

okirikiri nke ọ bụla: mmiri ịgba maka 18min, xenon oriọna ihicha maka 102min, okpomọkụ (65 ± 3) ℃, ikwu iru mmiri 65%, kacha nta ike n'okpuru ọnọdụ nke wavelength 300 ~ 400nm: (60± 2) W / m2.Mgbe awa 720 gachara, a na-eme ule na-ehulata na ọnụ ụlọ okpomọkụ.Dayameta nke mkpanaka ule bụ 4 ruo 5 ugboro n'obosara nke eriri.Mgbe ule ahụ gasịrị, ọ dịghị ihe mgbawa a na-ahụ anya na elu n'ọbọ ahụ.

9. Dynamic penetration ule

N'ebe okpomọkụ dị n'ime ụlọ, ịcha ọsọ bụ 1N / s, na ọnụ ọgụgụ nke ule ọnwụ: 4 ugboro.A ghaghị ibugharị ihe nlele ahụ n'ihu site na 25mm ma tụgharịa 90° n'akụkụ elekere oge ọ bụla.Dekọọ ike ntinye F n'oge a, agịga igwe mmiri na-akpọtụrụ waya ọla kọpa, yana ọnụ ahịa nkezi enwetara bụ ≥150 · Dn1 / 2N (4mm2 ngalaba Dn = 2.5mm)

10. Na-eguzogide ọgwụ

Were akụkụ 3 nke ihe atụ, akụkụ nke ọ bụla bụ 25mm iche, ma tụgharịa 90 ° iji mee ngụkọta nke 4 dents, omimi omimi bụ 0.05mm na perpendicular na waya ọla kọpa.A na-etinye akụkụ atọ nke ihe nlele n'ime igbe ule na -15 ° C, okpomọkụ ụlọ, na + 85 ° C maka awa 3, wee merụọ ahụ na mandrel na igbe nlele ọ bụla kwekọrọ.Dayameta nke mandrel bụ (3± 0.3) ugboro kacha nta n'èzí nke eriri.Ọ dịkarịa ala otu akara maka nlele ọ bụla dị n'èzí.Ọ naghị agbaji na ule voltaji imi mmiri AC0.3kV.

11. Sheath thermal shrinkage test (No. 11 na GB/T2951.13-2008)

Ogologo ịkpụ nke ihe nlele ahụ bụ L1 = 300mm, tinye ya na oven na 120 Celsius maka awa 1 wee wepụta ya na ụlọ okpomọkụ maka oyi.Tinyegharịa okirikiri jụrụ oyi na kpo oku ugboro 5, ma mee ka ọ dị jụụ n'ime ụlọ.The thermal shrinkage nke sample ka achọrọ ka ọ bụrụ ≤2%.

12. Nnwale ọkụ kwụ ọtọ

Mgbe etinyechara eriri ahụ na (60± 2) Celsius C maka awa 4, a na-edobe ya na ule ọkụ kwụ ọtọ akọwapụtara na GB/T18380.12-2008.

13. Halogen ọdịnaya ule

PH na conductivity
Ntụnye nlele: 16h, okpomọkụ (21 ~ 25) ℃, iru mmiri (45 ~ 55)%.Ihe nlele abụọ, nke ọ bụla (1000 ± 5) mg, gwepịara ya na ihe dị n'okpuru 0.1 mg.Ikuku ikuku (0.0157 · D2) l · h-1 ± 10%, ebe dị anya n'etiti ụgbọ mmiri combustion na nsọtụ mpaghara ọkụ ọkụ dị irè bụ ≥300mm, okpomọkụ na ụgbọ mmiri combustion aghaghị ịbụ ≥935 ℃, 300m pụọ na ụgbọ mmiri combustion (n'ụzọ nke ikuku eruba) Okpomọkụ kwesịrị ịbụ ≥900 ℃.
A na-anakọta gas sitere na ihe nlele ule site na karama ịsacha gas nwere 450ml (PH uru 6.5 ± 1.0; conductivity ≤0.5μS / mm) nke mmiri distilled.Oge ule: 30min.Ihe achọrọ: PH≥4.3;conductivity ≤10μS/mm.