Uyazi ukuthi yini i-Photovoltaic (PV) Wire?

       Intambo ye-Photovoltaic, eyaziwa nangokuthi i-PV wire, intambo eyodwa yomqhubi esetshenziselwa ukuxhuma amaphaneli esistimu yamandla e-photovoltaic.

Ingxenye yekhondatha yekhebula le-photovoltaic iyikhondatha yethusi noma i-conductor yethusi ehlanganiswe ngothayela, ungqimba lwe-insulation luyi-radiation crosslinked polyolefin insulation, kanti isheath i-radiation crosslinked polyolefin insulation.Inombolo enkulu yezintambo ze-DC eziteshini zamandla e-photovoltaic zidinga ukubekwa ngaphandle, futhi izimo zemvelo zinzima.Izinto zekhebula kufanele zisekelwe ku-anti-ultraviolet, i-ozone, izinguquko ezinzima zokushisa kanye nokuguguleka kwamakhemikhali.Kufanele ivikele umswakama, ivikele ukuchayeka, ibanda, imelane nokushisa, futhi ibe anti-ultraviolet.Kwezinye izindawo ezikhethekile, izinto zamakhemikhali ezifana ne-asidi ne-alkali nazo ziyadingeka.

Izidingo zezintambo zekhodi

I-NEC (Ikhodi Kagesi Kazwelonke yase-United States) ithuthukise amasistimu e-Article 690 Solar Photovoltaic (PV) ukuze aqondise amasistimu wamandla kagesi, ama-array circuits of photovoltaic systems, inverters kanye nezilawuli zokushaja.I-NEC ivamise ukusetshenziswa ekufakweni okuhlukahlukene e-United States (imithetho yendawo ingasebenza).

I-2017 NEC Article 690 Indlela ye-wiring yengxenye ye-IV ivumela izindlela ezihlukahlukene zokufaka izintambo ukuthi zisetshenziswe ezinhlelweni ze-photovoltaic.Kumakhondaktha angawodwa, ukusetshenziswa kwe-UL-certified USE-2 (umnyango wesevisi ongaphansi) nezinhlobo zezintambo ze-PV zivunyelwe endaweni engaphandle eveziwe yesekethe yamandla e-photovoltaic kuhlelo lwe-photovoltaic.Iphinde ivumele izintambo ze-PV ukuthi zifakwe kumathreyi amasekhethi omthombo we-PV wangaphandle namasekhethi okukhiphayo we-PV ngaphandle kwesidingo sokusetshenziswa okulinganiselwe.Uma amandla e-photovoltaic kanye nomsebenzi wesifunda ophumayo ngaphezu kwama-volts angu-30 ezindaweni ezifinyelelekayo, kukhona ngempela ukulinganiselwa.Kulokhu, uhlobo lwe-MC noma i-conductor efanelekile efakwe emgwaqweni womjaho iyadingeka.

I-NEC ayiwazi amagama emodeli yase-Canada, njengezintambo ze-RWU90, RPV noma ze-RPVU ezingaqukathi izinhlelo zokusebenza zelanga ezikabili eziqinisekisiwe ze-UL.Ngokufakwa eCanada, 2012 CEC Isigaba 64-210 sinikeza ulwazi ngezinhlobo zezintambo ezivunyelwe izinhlelo zokusebenza ze-photovoltaic.

Umehluko phakathi kwezintambo ze-photovoltaic nezintambo ezijwayelekile

Izinzuzo ze-PV

Izinto ezihlukahlukene ezingase zisetshenziselwe izintambo ezijwayelekile yizinto zokuxhumanisa ezilukiwe ezisezingeni eliphezulu ezifana ne-polyvinyl chloride (PVC), irabha, i-elastomer (TPE) kanye ne-cross-linked polyethylene (XLPE), kodwa kuyadabukisa ukuthi izinga eliphezulu kakhulu izinga lokushisa lezintambo ezijwayelekile Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngisho nezintambo ezifakwe ngaphakathi ze-PVC ezinezinga lokushisa elilinganiselwe lika-70 ℃ zivame ukusetshenziswa ngaphandle, kodwa azikwazi ukuhlangabezana nezidingo zokushisa okuphezulu, ukuvikelwa kwe-UV nokumelana nokubanda.
Nakuba izintambo ze-photovoltaic zivame ukuchayeka elangeni, izinhlelo zamandla elanga zivame ukusetshenziswa ezindaweni ezinokhahlo, njengezinga lokushisa eliphansi kanye nemisebe ye-ultraviolet.Ekhaya noma phesheya, lapho isimo sezulu sisihle, izinga lokushisa eliphakeme kakhulu lesimiso sonozungezilanga lizofika ku-100℃.

——Umthwalo wokulwa nomshini

Ngezintambo ze-photovoltaic, ngesikhathi sokufakwa nokufaka isicelo, izintambo zingahanjiswa emaphethelweni abukhali wesakhiwo sephahla.Ngesikhathi esifanayo, izintambo kufanele zimelane nokucindezela, ukugoba, ukungezwani, imithwalo eqinile ehlanganisiwe kanye nokumelana nomthelela onamandla, okungaphezu kwezintambo ezijwayelekile.Uma usebenzisa izintambo ezijwayelekile, i-sheath inokusebenza okungalungile kokuvikela kwe-UV, okuzodala ukuguga komgodla wangaphandle wekhebula, okuzothinta impilo yenkonzo yekhebula, okungaholela ekubukeni kwezinkinga ezifana ne-cable short circuit. , i-alamu yomlilo, nokulimala okuyingozi kubasebenzi.Ngemva kokushiswa, ijakhethi yekhebula le-photovoltaic yokufakwa kwekhebula linokushisa okuphezulu nokubanda ukumelana, ukumelana nowoyela, ukumelana nosawoti we-asidi ne-alkali, ukuvikelwa kwe-UV, ukubambezeleka komlilo, nokuvikelwa kwemvelo.Izintambo zamandla e-Photovoltaic zisetshenziswa ikakhulukazi ezindaweni ezinokhahlo nempilo yesevisi engaphezu kweminyaka engu-25.

Ukusebenza Okuyinhloko

1. DC ukumelana

Ukumelana kwe-DC komgogodla wokuqhuba wekhebula eqediwe ku-20℃ akukho ngaphezu kuka-5.09Ω/km.

2. Ukuhlolwa kwe-voltage yokucwiliswa kwamanzi

Ikhebuli eqediwe (20m) ngeke iphuke ngemva kokucwiliswa emanzini (20±5)℃ ihora elingu-1 ngemva kokuhlolwa kwamandla kagesi okuyimizuzu emi-5 (AC 6.5kV noma DC 15kV).

3. Ukumelana ne-voltage ye-DC isikhathi eside

Ubude besampula bungu-5m, engeza (85±2)℃ amanzi acwecwe aqukethe u-3% NaCl (240±2)h, bese uhlukanisa indawo yamanzi ngo-30cm.Faka i-voltage ye-DC 0.9kV phakathi kwengqikithi namanzi (i-conductive core ixhunyiwe, futhi amanzi axhunywe ku-Nick).Ngemva kokukhipha ishidi, yenza ukuhlolwa kwe-voltage yokucwiliswa kwamanzi.I-voltage yokuhlola ingu-AC 1kV, futhi akukho ukwehlukana okudingekayo.

4. Ukumelana ne-insulation

Ukumelana nokufakwa kwentambo eqediwe ku-20℃ akukho ngaphansi kuka-1014Ω·cm,
Ukumelana nokufakwa kwentambo eqediwe ku-90℃ akukho ngaphansi kuka-1011Ω·cm.

5. Ukumelana nobuso be-sheath

Ukumelana okungaphezulu komgodla wekhebula oqediwe akufanele kube ngaphansi kuka-109Ω.

Ukuhlolwa kokusebenza

1. Ukuhlolwa kwengcindezi yezinga eliphezulu (GB/T2951.31-2008)

Izinga lokushisa (140 ± 3) ℃, isikhathi 240min, k=0.6, ukujula kwe-indent akudluli u-50% wengqikithi yokuqina kokufakwa kanye nomgodla.Futhi yenza i-AC6.5kV, isivivinyo samandla kagesi angu-5min, akukho ukwehlukana okudingekayo.

2. Ukuhlolwa kokushisa okumanzi

Isampula ibekwe endaweni enezinga lokushisa elingu-90℃ kanye nomswakama ohlobene no-85% ngo-1000h.Ngemva kokupholisa ekamelweni lokushisa, izinga lokushintsha lamandla e-tensile lingu-≤-30% futhi izinga lokushintsha kwe-elongation ngesikhathi sekhefu lingu-≤-30% uma kuqhathaniswa nangaphambi kokuhlolwa.

3. Ukuhlolwa kokumelana ne-Acid ne-alkali (GB/T2951.21-2008)

Amaqembu amabili amasampula acwiliswe kusisombululo se-oxalic acid nge-concentration ye-45g / L nesisombululo se-sodium hydroxide ene-concentration ye-40g / L, ekushiseni kwe-23 ° C ku-168h.Uma kuqhathaniswa nesixazululo ngaphambi kokucwiliswa, izinga lokushintsha amandla e-tensile lalingu-≤± 30%, ubude ngesikhathi sekhefu ≥100%.

4. Ukuhlolwa kokuhambisana

Ngemuva kokuthi yonke ikhebula isiguge isikhathi esingu-7 × 24h ku-(135±2)℃, izinga lokushintsha lamandla aqinile ngaphambi nangemva kokuguga kwe-insulation ≤±30%, izinga lokushintsha kobude ngesikhathi sekhefu ≤±30%;izinga lokushintsha kwamandla okuqina ngaphambi nangemva kokuba umgodla usugugile ngu-≤ -30%, izinga lokushintsha kwe-elongation ngesikhathi sekhefu ≤± 30%.

5. Ukuhlolwa komthelela wezinga lokushisa eliphansi (8.5 ku-GB/T2951.14-2008)

Izinga lokushisa lokupholisa -40 ℃, isikhathi 16h, isisindo sokudonsa 1000g, isisindo somthelela block 200g, ukuphakama kweconsi 100mm, akufanele kube nemifantu ebonakalayo ebusweni.

6. Ukuhlolwa kokugoba kwezinga lokushisa eliphansi (8.2 ku-GB/T2951.14-2008)

Izinga lokushisa elipholile (-40 ± 2) ℃, isikhathi esingu-16h, ububanzi benduku yokuhlola buyi-4 kuya ku-5 ububanzi bekhebula elingaphandle, elijika izikhathi ezi-3 kuya kwezi-4, ngemva kokuhlolwa, akufanele kube nemifantu ebonakalayo emgodleni. phezulu.

7. Ukuhlolwa kokumelana ne-ozone

Ubude besampula buyi-20cm, futhi ifakwa esitsheni sokumisa amahora angu-16.Ububanzi benduku yokuhlola esetshenziswe ekuhlolweni kokugoba (2±0.1) izikhathi zobubanzi obungaphandle bekhebula.Igumbi lokuhlola: izinga lokushisa (40±2)℃, umswakama ohlobene (55±5)%, ukugxiliswa kwe-ozone (200±50)×10-6%, Ukugeleza komoya: 0.2 kuya ku-0.5 izikhathi zevolumu/min.Isampula lifakwa ebhokisini lokuhlola amahora angu-72.Ngemuva kokuhlolwa, akufanele kube nemifantu ebonakalayo ebusweni be-sheath.

8. Ukumelana nesimo sezulu/ukuhlolwa kwe-ultraviolet

Umjikelezo ngamunye: isifutho samanzi esingu-18min, ukomiswa kwesibani se-xenon imizuzu engu-102, izinga lokushisa (65±3) ℃, umswakama ohlobene no-65%, amandla amancane ngaphansi kwesimo sobude begagasi 300～400nm: (60±2)W/m2.Ngemva kwamahora angu-720, kwenziwa ukuhlolwa kokugoba ekamelweni lokushisa.Ububanzi benduku yokuhlola buyi-4 kuya ku-5 ububanzi obungaphandle bekhebula.Ngemuva kokuhlolwa, akufanele kube nemifantu ebonakalayo ebusweni be-sheath.

9. Ukuhlolwa kokungena okunamandla

Ezingeni lokushisa lasekamelweni, isivinini sokusika singu-1N/s, kanye nenani lokuhlolwa kokusika: izikhathi ezingu-4.Isampula kufanele ihanjiswe phambili ngo-25mm futhi izungeziswe ngo-90° ngokwewashi isikhathi ngasinye.Rekhoda amandla okungena F ngesikhathi inaliti yensimbi yasentwasahlobo ithinta ucingo lwethusi, futhi inani elimaphakathi elitholiwe lingu-≥150·Dn1/2N (4mm2 isigaba Dn=2.5mm)

10. Ingazweli kumazinyo

Thatha izigaba ezi-3 zamasampula, isigaba ngasinye sihlukene ngo-25mm, bese uzungezisa u-90° ukuze wenze ingqikithi yama-dents angu-4, ukujula kwe-dent kungu-0.05mm futhi ku-perpendicular ocingweni lwethusi.Izingxenye ezintathu zamasampula zafakwa ebhokisini lokuhlola ku--15°C, izinga lokushisa legumbi, no-+85°C amahora angu-3, ​​bese belimala ku-mandrel ebhokisini lokuhlola ngalinye elihambisanayo.Ububanzi be-mandrel babu (3 ± 0.3) izikhathi ezingaphansi kobubanzi obuncane bekhebula.Okungenani amaphuzu owodwa esampula ngayinye atholakala ngaphandle.Ayiphuli ekuhlolweni kwamandla kagesi wokucwiliswa kwamanzi we-AC0.3kV.

11. Ukuhlolwa kwe-sheath thermal shrinkage (No. 11 ku-GB/T2951.13-2008)

Ubude bokusika besampula bungu-L1=300mm, bufakwe kuhhavini ongu-120°C ihora elingu-1 bese buyiswa ekamelweni lokushisa ukuze bupholiswe.Phinda lo mjikelezo wokupholisa nokushisa izikhathi ezingu-5, futhi ekugcineni upholise ekamelweni lokushisa.Ukuncipha okushisayo kwesampula kuyadingeka ukuthi kube ngu-≤2%.

12. Ukuhlolwa kokuvutha okuqondile

Ngemuva kokuthi ikhebula eliqediwe libekwe ku-(60±2)°C amahora angu-4, lingaphansi kokuhlolwa kokushiswa okuqondile okucaciswe ku-GB/T18380.12-2008.

13. Ukuhlolwa kokuqukethwe kwe-halogen

PH kanye conductivity
Ukubekwa kwesampula: 16h, izinga lokushisa (21～25)℃, umswakama (45～55)%.Amasampula amabili, ngalinye (1000±5) mg, achotshozwe abe yizinhlayiyana ezingaphansi kuka-0.1 mg.Ukugeleza komoya (0.0157·D2)l·h-1±10%, ibanga phakathi kwesikebhe esivuthayo kanye nonqenqema lwendawo yokushisa esebenzayo yesithando somlilo ngu-≥300mm, izinga lokushisa esikebheni esivuthayo kufanele libe ≥935℃, 300m kude nesikebhe esivuthayo (ngasendleleni yokugeleza komoya ) Izinga lokushisa kufanele libe ngu-≥900℃.
Igesi ekhiqizwe isampula yokuhlola iqoqwa ngebhodlela lokugeza igesi eliqukethe i-450ml (i-PH value 6.5±1.0; conductivity ≤0.5μS/mm) yamanzi acwecwe.Isikhathi sokuhlola: 30min.Izimfuneko: PH≥4.3;conductivity ≤10μS/mm.