Ho thoeng ke"Mehato ea 201 ea tšireletso"ea United States e bua ka Karolo ea 201-204 ea US Trade Act ea 1974, e seng e amohetsoe Karolong ea 2251-2254 ea United States Code.Sehlooho se akaretsang sa likarolo tsena tse 'ne ke "Phetoho e Matla ea Liindasteri tse Sentsoeng ke Lintho Tse tsoang kantle ho naha."Temana ena e fa Mopresidente matla a ho nka mehato e nepahetseng ya kimollo ho thibela kapa ho lokisa tshenyo le ho nolofatsa ditokiso tse hlokehang indastering ya lehae ha bongata ba dihlahiswa tse tswang kantle ho naha tse tswang dinaheng tse ding bo tshosetsa ho baka tshenyo e kgolo indastering ya lehae.
Se etsahetseng Ka la 17 April, 2017, moetsi oa sele ea photovoltaic oa Amerika Suniva o ile a kenya kopo bakeng sa tšireletso ea bankrupt lekhotleng.Seo ho thoeng ke ts'ireletso ea bankruptcy se bolela hore Suniva e tla tsoela pele ho sebetsa le ho etsa liphetoho, 'me ba kolotoang ba ke ke ba batla likoloto.Nakong ena, ho hlokahala kalimo e ncha ho tšehetsa mesebetsi ea letsatsi le letsatsi ea k'hamphani.Kalimo ena e na le tefo e phahameng ka ho fetisisa 'me e bitsoa Debtor-In-Possession financing (DIP loan).Kalimo ea DIP ea Suniva e fanoa ke khamphani e bitsoang SQN Capital, 'me e' ngoe ea lipehelo tsa SQN ke ho etsa hore Suniva a fane ka boipiletso ho United States International Trade Commission (USITC) ho latela "Karolo ea 201" ho lumella USITC ho batlisisa photovoltaic e tsoang linaheng tse ling. lisele le dimmojule Ho sa tsotellehe hore na e ile ea baka tšenyo e tebileng ho indasteri ea photovoltaic ea malapeng United States.
Le hoja "clause 201" e sebetsa ho lihlahisoa tsohle tseo e seng tsa US, tabeng ea photovoltaics,haholo-holo e lebisitsoe ho bahlahisi ba Chaena.Ho ea ka US Customs, likarolo tsa boleng bo fetang lidolara tse limilione tse likete tse 8 li ile tsa tšeloa US selemong se fetileng, tseo ho tsona lidolara tse limilione tse likete tse 1.5 li tsoa China.
Ena ke data e kaholimo feela.Ebile, bahlahisi ba bangata ba Machaena ba butse lifeme linaheng tsa Asia Boroa-bochabela joalo ka Malaysia le Thailand e le ho qoba "kgutla habeli“.Ka hona,Baetsi ba photovoltaic ba Chaena ba kenya letsoho bonyane 50% ea lihlahisoa tsa photovoltaictse tsoang linaheng tse ling ke United States.
Mme SQN e laetse Suniva ho fana ka boipiletso ba "clause 201" ka nepo ho senya baetsi ba photovoltaic ba China.Khampani e ile ea romela lengolo-tsoibila ho China Chamber of Commerce for Import and Export of Machinery and Electronic Products ka May 3. SQN e boletse ka lengolo-tsoibila hore e file Suniva kalimo ea chelete e fetang liranta tse limilione tse 51 tsa US bakeng sa ho reka thepa.Haeba baetsi ba photovoltaic ba Sechaena ba ikemiselitse ho sebelisa Haeba thepa e rekoa ka $ 55 milione, khampani e tla tlosa nyeoe ea khoebo.
Bahlahlobisisi ba EnergyTrend ba ile ba hatisa: “Haeba Temana ea 201 e fetisoa, tlhokahalo ea liteishene tsa motlakase tse fatše United States e tla ameha haholo, hobane liteishene tsa motlakase oa fatše li ’nile tsa laoloa ke likaroloana tsa theko e tlaase, tse tla hohela ho eketseha ha thepa ka nako e khutšoanyane. nako.”Ho nka hore Clause 201 e fetisitsoe, basebetsi ba liteishene tsa motlakase oa fatše U ka khetha feela ho hana ho se hahe seteishene sa motlakase, kapa ho reka lisebelisoa tse theko e phahameng haholo ho aha seteishene sa motlakase;leha ho le joalo, phello ea ho qetela e tla ba e sa lekaneng ho iphelisa le hoe ama lichelete tsa k'hamphani.
Boipelaetso ba mekhatlo ea lefats'e
Ka la 23 Motšeanong, US International Trade Commission e ile ea etsa tsebiso, ea etsa qeto ea ho qala lipatlisiso tsa mehato ea ts'ireletso ea lefats'e ("lipatlisiso tsa 201") ho lisele tsohle tsa photovoltaic tse tsoang linaheng tse ling le li-module tsa 'maraka oa US ho latela kopo ea Suniva.Ka la 28 Motšeanong, Mokhatlo oa Lefatše oa Khoebo (WTO) o ile oa fana ka tokomane e bontšang hore United States e tsebisitse linaha tse setseng tsa 163 tsa litho tsa WTO hore e tla nahana ka ho beha litefiso tsa "ts'ireletso" tsa tšohanyetso ho lisele tsa letsatsi tse tsoang linaheng tse ling.Ka mor'a phatlalatso, e ile ea kopana le liphatlalatso tse ntsoe-leng tsa khanyetso tse tsoang ho Mokhatlo oa China Photovoltaic Industry Association le baetsi ba ka sehloohong ba photovoltaic ba malapeng.
SolarWorld, e qalileng liketso tse khahlanong le Sino-US le Sino-European, ha ea ka ea hlakisa hore na e tšehetse Suniva.Abigail RossHopper, molula-setulo le molaoli ea ka sehloohong oa SEIA, o kopile mmuso oa kopanelo ho fumana mekhoa ea hontlafatsa tlholisano ea lisele tsa letsatsi tsa USle indasteri ea tlhahiso ea li-module, le ho ntse ho le joalohanyetsa lithibelo leha e le life khoebong e sa lefelloeng.
E le ho arabela kopo ea k'hamphani ea photovoltaic ea US bakeng sa lipatlisiso tsena, 'muelli oa Lefapha la Khoebo o kile a bontša hore lilemong tsa morao tjena, United States e ntse e tsoela pele ho qala lipatlisiso tse khahlanong le ho lahla le ho hanyetsa lihlahisoa tsa photovoltaic tse tsoang linaheng tse ling,' me e fane ka mehato ea liphallelo bakeng sa. liindasteri tsa malapeng.Tabeng ena, haeba United States e boela e qala lipatlisiso tsa tšireletso,e tla ba tlhekefetso ea mehato ea pheko ea khoebo le ts'ireletso e feteletseng ea liindasteri tsa malapeng, tse tla senya taelo e tloaelehileng ea nts'etsopele ea ketane ea indasteri ea photovoltaic ea lefats'e.China e bontša ho tšoenyeha ho tebileng ka sena.
Ho qala ka la 10 Motšeanong, lik'hamphani tsa letsatsi la Canada, JA Solar, GCL, LONGi, Jinko, Trina, Yingli, Risen, Hareon le lik'hamphani tse ling tsa Chaena tsa photovoltaic li fane ka lipolelo tse khahlanong le lipatlisiso tsa "201" tse hlahisitsoeng ke Suniva.China Chamber of Commerce for Import and Export of Machinery and Electronic Products le eona e hlahisitse boipelaetso ba eona khahlanong le lipatlisiso tsa "201".
Mokhatlo oa Asia Photovoltaic Industry Association o bontšitse polelong hore Mokhatlo oa Asia Photovoltaic Industry Association le mekhatlo e fapa-fapaneng ea indasteri ea libaka tsa Asia e tiile.hanyetsa tšebeliso e mpe ea mehato ea pheko ea khoebo ke lik'hamphani tse 'maloa tsa US.Likhamphani ka bomong tsa letsatsi li ikemiselitse ho sebelisa melao ea pheko ea khoebo ho fumana melemo e eketsehileng, e leng tlhekefetso e atolositsoeng ea mehato ea ts'ireletso ea khoebo.Boikoetliso bo pakile hore ts'ireletso ea khoebo e ke ke ea pholosa lik'hamphani ka bomong tse haelloang ke tlhōlisano ea 'maraka ka lebaka la mesebetsi ea tsona,' me ha e thuse tsoelo-pele e ntle ea liindasteri tse holimo le tse tlaase.
Zhu Gongshan, molula-setulo oa Mokhatlo oa Asia Photovoltaic Industry Association, o boletse hore ketane ea indasteri ea tlhahiso ea photovoltaic Asia e nka boemo bo ka sehloohong lefatšeng.Qetellong ea 2016, matla a tlhahiso ea polysilicon, li-wafers tsa silicon, lisele le li-module tsa lik'hamphani tsa Asia li ne li le 71.2%, 95.8%, le 96.8% ea lefats'e ea 89.6%.Lefatšeng ka bophara, 96.8% ea libeteri le 89.6% ea li-module ha li khone ho kena 'marakeng oa US."Ntlafatso ea theknoloji le nts'etsopele ea indasteri ea indasteri ea photovoltaic ea Asia lilemong tse leshome tse fetileng li entse tlatsetso ea bohlokoa hoho fokotsa litšenyehelo tsa motlakase oa photovoltaicleho khothalletsa tsoelo-pele ea indasteri ea photovoltaic lefatšeng ka bophara.E le matla a bohlokoa nakong e tlang ea matla a hloekileng, theho kopanya le ho ikopanya ha lichaba tsa lefatše tsa indasteri ea photovoltaicke mokhoa o moholo.E paka hore ho beha litšitiso tsa khoebo ka maiketsetso ho ke ke ha sireletsa nts'etsopele ea liindasteri tsa lehae.Indasteri ea Asia photovoltaic e tšehetsa ka tieo basebetsi-'moho le indasteri ea photovoltaic ea lefats'e ho sebetsa hammoho bakeng sa boemo ba ho hlōla, 'me ka kopanelo ho khothalletsa ts'ebetso ea photovoltaic parity holim'a marang-rang, le ho kenya letsoho molemong oa ho boloka matla a lefats'e le sesosa sa ho fokotsa mocheso.
